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Histograms and the Normal Distribution in Microsoft Excel
內容大綱
Histograms are graphs that provide a large amount of useful information for all types of data and display the frequency of observations in a data set. The purpose of this note is to introduce histograms for several types of data, provide examples of insights that can be gained and calculations that can be performed using histograms, and demonstrate how to build histograms in Microsoft Excel. In addition, this note reviews the Normal distribution, which can be used to approximate many empirical distributions. The note includes practice exercises and their solutions, and a supporting Excel workbook for students.
學習目標
After completion of this note and its associated activities, students should be able to:<ul><li>Understand the difference between categorical, ordinal, discrete, and continuous data; </li><li>Read and interpret a histogram;</li><li>Build a histogram using the Microsoft Excel functions COUNTIF and FREQUENCY; and</li><li>Estimate probabilities from a histogram and from a Normal distribution.</li><ul>