Beyond Vertical Integration: The Rise of the Value-Adding Partnership

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In the past, cheap, centralized power and efficient but expensive production machinery tipped the competitive advantage toward large companies. Now low-cost computing and communications are tipping the advantage to a new organizational form: the "value-adding partnership". VAPs are groups of small companies that perform different steps along the value-added chain. The partners share information freely and perceive the whole chain as one competitive unit. VAPs have the benefits of both large and small companies: focus and flexibility as well as coordination and sharing. However, VAPs require a delicate balance of power between partners: What happens if one partner tries to take over another?
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