個案總覽

This case is a nice prelude to the individual cases (HKS Case Number 365 and 366), which chronicle the lives and critical decisions that Martin Luther King and Malcolm X made towards improving African American rights in the United States. The text describes the last year of Martin Luther King's life and the actions of which he partook. It also chronicles Malcolm X's last month of life, noting the decisions he made. HKS Case Number 426.0.

This case provides an overview of Martin Luther King's life and accomplishments, starting with his early childhood. It notes the ways in which he behaved at different times. It then discusses in great deal the motivations and decisions leading to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The case continues with a discussion of Dr. King's philosophy; an overview of the Albany Debacle; and a look a the 1960 presidential election, including the violence in Birmingham and the March on Washington. HKS Case Number 365.0

In April 1961, President Kennedy denied US military assistance to a force of CIA-trained Cuban exiles attacking Cuba, thus sealing the fate of the Bay of Pigs invasion. When the losses had been tallied, 114 exiles were dead, Castro was left with 1,200 prisoners, and the Kennedy administration was publicly embarrassed. The case recounts the formulation and failed execution of this CIA plan to invade Cuba. The authors trace the origins of the plan under the Eisenhower administration and follow Kennedy through his first three months in office, during which time he first heard of, then revised, and ultimately approved a trimmed-down version of the plan. This case was initially designed to illustrate the importance of decision-makers' identifying and testing their own and their advisers' presumptions. Extending this theme, the case may be used in conjunction with The CIA to 1961 (C14-80-280.0) as an exercise in "organizational placement." Had Kennedy used this method to better understand the institution of the CIA, he might have questioned them more closely and avoided some of the tragedy of the Bay of Pigs. For further discussion of the placement method, see The CIA to 1961 abstract. This case may also be used to demonstrate the hazards of transition in the American presidency. HKS Case Number 279.0.

On June 25, 1950, the US Ambassador to the Republic of Korea received an alarming call from his deputy chief, E.F. Drumright, warning him that the communists were hitting along the front. The invasion caught the Republic of Korea and its American counterparts by surprise. This case chronicles the events that took place directly following North Korea's invasion of the 38th Parallel. It examines the strategic decisions that were made during this era, centering on the ways in which the US Department of State dealt with the attack and subsequent conflicts for a greater Korea. Part A looks at these events in detail and includes excerpts recalling the events from President Truman's memoirs. Part B presents more details on the events that transpired at Manchuria and the Rhineland. It also explains the role of China, Ethiopia, Spain, Austria, and then Czechoslovakia. Much of this is done through Truman's vantage point. HKS Case Number 298.0.

On June 25, 1950, the US Ambassador to the Republic of Korea received an alarming call from his deputy chief, E.F. Drumright, warning him that the communists were hitting along the front. The invasion caught the Republic of Korea and its American counterparts by surprise. This case chronicles the events that took place directly following North Korea's invasion of the 38th Parallel. It examines the strategic decisions that were made during this era, centering on the ways in which the US Department of State dealt with the attack and subsequent conflicts for a greater Korea. Part A looks at these events in detail and includes excerpts recalling the events from President Truman's memoirs. Part B presents more details on the events that transpired at Manchuria and the Rhineland. It also explains the role of China, Ethiopia, Spain, Austria, and then Czechoslovakia. Much of this is done through Truman's vantage point. HKS Case Number 299.0