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The focus of this case is on the policy alternative choices for preventing boom-and-bust behavior in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. A simulation analysis is also accessible for faculty to use to demonstrate the results of various policy alternatives. Landowners, sawmill owners, government officials, and environmentalists do not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resources, a problem that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students use systems-thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal-loop mapping, and stock-flow mapping) to create their casual hypotheses of the underlying-systems structure. The case is based on the article, "Resource Sustainability in Commodity Market Systems," System Dynamics Review Summer 2002.

The Bacardi Southampton case series (A - D) follows the transition from a push-based supply chain to an agile, pull-based system. The (B) case demonstrates the paradox in operational thinking and delineates the unique relationship a company has with one of its suppliers and its customer for European exports. Students can see that this agile program cannot exist in isolation from important stakeholders. Discussion about an opposite point of view is enriched by facts in this (B) case.

This case describes the roles and views of state foresters of the four Northern Forest states-Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. They are the top state government officials in charge of forested lands, the associated ecosystems, and the forest projects' industry. The Northern Forest (A)-(E) case series focuses students on the boom and bust behaviors in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. Stakeholders from landowners to sawmill owners to government officials to environmentalists all wanted to make sure that the overall demand for saw logs, as driven by sawmill capacity, did not exceed the rate at which the trees were growing. They did not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resource, a classic problem in renewable resource economies that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students are called upon to use systems thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal loop mapping and stock flow mapping) in creating their causal hypotheses of the underlying systems structure. Students are asked to design system structure policies to help sustain both the industry and the natural resources of the region.

This case describes the roles and views of represent the people who own forested land in the Northern Forest. The Northern Forest (A)-(E) case series focuses students on the boom and bust behaviors in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. Stakeholders from landowners to sawmill owners to government officials to environmentalists all wanted to make sure that the overall demand for saw logs, as driven by sawmill capacity, did not exceed the rate at which the trees were growing. They did not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resource, a classic problem in renewable resource economies that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students are called upon to use systems thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal loop mapping and stock flow mapping) in creating their causal hypotheses of the underlying systems structure. Students are asked to design system structure policies to help sustain both the industry and the natural resources of the region.

This case series focuses students on the boom-and-bust behaviors in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. Stakeholders, from landowners to sawmill owners to government officials to environmentalists, all want to make sure that the overall demand for saw logs, as driven by sawmill capacity, does not exceed the rate at which the trees are growing. They do not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resource, a classic problem in renewable-resource economies that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students are called upon to use system-thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal-loop mapping, and stock-flow mapping) in creating their causal hypotheses of the underlying system structure. Students are asked to design system-structure policies to help sustain both the industry and the natural resources of the region. The C case describes the roles and views of environmental activists and nonprofit organizations of the Northern Forest. You, the student, advocate for the health of the forest ecosystems, which include the plants, animals, soil, air, and water. You also care about the connections between people and the forest (e.g., recreational opportunities, vital local forest-connected communities).

This case series focuses students on the boom-and-bust behaviors in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. Stakeholders, from landowners to sawmill owners to government officials to environmentalists, all want to make sure that the overall demand for saw logs, as driven by sawmill capacity, does not exceed the rate at which the trees are growing. They do not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resource, a classic problem in renewable-resource economies that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students are called upon to use system-thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal-loop mapping, and stock-flow mapping) in creating their causal hypotheses of the underlying system structure. Students are asked to design system-structure policies to help sustain both the industry and the natural resources of the region. The B case describes the views of the trade group for sawmills and veneer mills of the Northern Forest.

This case series (see also the B [UV3535], C [UV3536], D [UV3537], E [UV3538], F [UV3546], and G [UV4339] cases) focuses students on the boom-and-bust behaviors in the Northern Forest sawmill industry. Stakeholders, from landowners to sawmill owners to government officials to environmentalists, all want to make sure that the overall demand for saw logs, as driven by sawmill capacity, does not exceed the rate at which the trees are growing. They do not want sawmill demand to "overshoot" the productive capacity of the forest resource, a classic problem in renewable-resource economies that the region had experienced approximately a century earlier. Students are called upon to use system-thinking skills (analysis of reference modes of behaviors, causal-loop mapping, and stock-flow mapping) in creating their causal hypotheses of the underlying system structure. Students are asked to design system-structure policies to help sustain both the industry and the natural resources of the region.

This note provides detailed guidance for analyzing a complex business problem using the systems thinking tools: reference behavior patterns, systems archetypes, causal-loop diagrams, and stock-flow maps. The step by step guidance helps a systems thinker create a clear, organized presentation for a client or professional modeler. Successfully communicating one's views and hypotheses and making relevant, supported recommendations are an outgrowth of using the writing process to support a systems analysis.

This case provides the presentation slides from the Six Sigma project undertaken to decrease the patient wait time in the emergency department of an academic medical hospital. The various phases and tools of Six Sigma are demonstrated, and the project's pilot results are shown. The case also provides slides covering an overview of Six Sigma. The presentations are useful for both executives and students who are studying Six Sigma methodology. See also the A (UV0339) and B (UV3523) cases. The teaching note UV0340 is available for the (A-C) cases.

This case focuses on implementing and sustaining improvements designed by a Six Sigma team working in the emergency department of an academic medical hospital. Execution details of the various phases of Six Sigma are presented in the A case (UV0339). The team's Black Belt has decided to use stakeholder-resistance analyses to help the team increase stakeholder acceptance of the process-improvement changes that have been tested via a pilot study. The B case asks students to conduct a stakeholder's resistance analysis, develop influence strategies and communication plans for addressing the project's acceptance challenges, and prepare elevator speeches for key stakeholders identified in the A case. The B case also provides an opportunity for the instructor to build on the Change Acceleration Process (CAP) and the CAP tools that were presented in the A case. See also the C case (UV3524).

Waiting lines, sometimes called queuing situations, are encountered widely in business operations. Improvements to the waiting-line process would result, in many cases, in better use of labor, equipment and facilities, and a greater capability to provide customers with a level of service that matches the business objective. This note presents methods for determining the resources needed to provide particular service attributes in waiting-line situations.

This problem set focuses on process-analysis calculations, including throughput, capacity, cycle time, and utilization. See also UV3512 and UV3514.

This problem set focuses on process-analysis calculations, including throughput, capacity, cycle time, and utilization. See also UV3512 and UV3516.

This problem set focuses on process-analysis calculations, including throughput, capacity, cycle time, and utilization. See also UV3514 and UV3516.

For 10 years, Academic Medical Hospital's chief of staff had struggled to decrease the amount of time patients spend waiting in the emergency department. Moving patients through the department is a complex task and therefore long wait times had always been excused. But now, the hospital has adopted Six Sigma, a highly disciplined and data-intensive method for streamlining the emergency-care activities and reducing patient wait time. This case traces the design and implementation of a Black Belt improvement project. The various phases of Six Sigma methodology (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) are described in the setting of the patient wait-time study and several statistical tools are demonstrated with operating- performance data. The case ends with the Black Belt being concerned about the statistical significance of the results of the recently completed pilot study as well as deep-rooted implementation resistance from several key stakeholders in the hospital and in the medical school. Having led her team through the various phases of Six Sigma and having completed the pilot study, the Black Belt wonders how to focus the next team meeting. The case can be used to teach Six Sigma methodology, to critique effectiveness of application of the phases and tools, and to deal with the statistical significance issues and the implementation concerns. See also the B and C cases.

This note examines a firm's decisions about its cycle-stock ordering activities and the cost-element considerations behind those decisions. Students learn that, as materials flow from suppliers through a firm's operations to customers, the objective is to develop and implement a management system that can improve the cost effectiveness of the investments in inventory.

This note summarizes how the Operations Strategy Module in the Operations Management course can help students understand that managers can create a significant competitive advantage through strategic choices regarding a firm's development and deployment of new-process technologies, design and implementation of information-based coordination systems, and configuration and focus of operating facilities.

This note addresses inventory-planning and -control activities using periodic-review systems. The reorder point system is addressed in a separate technical note (UVA-OM-0936).

This case series (see also UVA-OM-1080 through UVA-OM-1082) deals with the transition from a push-based supply chain to an agile pull-based system. In 1999, John Speirs was hired as director of Operations. He brought with him the new agile concept and, with the approval of the U.K. managing director, Stella David, started to create revolution not evolution at Bacardi Southampton by forming an Agile Office. The A case sets up the operations problems and lets the reader follow the implementation story of a new paradigm in operational thinking at Bacardi while hinting at some of the stumbling blocks Southampton would eventually face from its own employees. An argument is presented that leads Southampton to implement the agile-system change program. In addition, data on sales trends and projected financial savings from the agile program are provided. The case ends positively with Southampton wanting to sell the concept to the rest of the Bacardi organization, but it is unclear how. Students should discuss the pros and cons of the agile system, its application to this industry, the timing of the implementation, and methods to communicate the message throughout the supply chain. Financial savings gained from the program are highlighted, and the program's thoroughness should be discussed. An Excel model that simulates financial savings but does not mimic Bacardi's exact thinking is provided in the D case as a learning tool for students. The model allows students to explore the origins of cost savings using a push or a pull system, and it enables students to perform scenario analyses of various business and internal operating conditions.

This story offers students the opportunity to practice systems thinking, including the analysis of behavior over time graphs, the application of systems archetypes, and the design of system interventions.