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The chief executive officer of Ambhar Global Spirits LLC joined the company in 2003, when its Tequila Ambhar brand was immersed in financial and image problems. He dedicated himself to reconfiguring the positioning of Tequila Ambhar, establishing it as a product of high quality and sophistication for knowledgeable consumers. With this conviction, he worked closely with a tequila industry consultant to modify product and marketing components and perfect the production process, to create a fully Mexican, 100 per cent agave, handmade tequila with a high-end premium positioning. By 2017, the chief executive officer believed the time was right to raise the bar on Ambhar’s positioning and distribution in the US market. With great expectations for the product, and with the support of the board of directors, he intended to develop a commercial plan to increase market share by 30 per cent. However, he and the expert consultant were at odds on the next logical step for the brand: strengthen strategic alliances to reinforce the distribution network and increase points-of-sale in the United States, or improve branding to make the tequila more authentic and bring it closer to the consumer?

The chief executive officer of Ambhar Global Spirits LLC joined the company in 2003, when its Tequila Ambhar brand was immersed in financial and image problems. He dedicated himself to reconfiguring the positioning of Tequila Ambhar, establishing it as a product of high quality and sophistication for knowledgeable consumers. With this conviction, he worked closely with a tequila industry consultant to modify product and marketing components and perfect the production process, to create a fully Mexican, 100 per cent agave, handmade tequila with a high-end premium positioning. By 2017, the chief executive officer believed the time was right to raise the bar on Ambhar's positioning and distribution in the US market. With great expectations for the product, and with the support of the board of directors, he intended to develop a commercial plan to increase market share by 30 per cent. However, he and the expert consultant were at odds on the next logical step for the brand: strengthen strategic alliances to reinforce the distribution network and increase points-of-sale in the United States, or improve branding to make the tequila more authentic and bring it closer to the consumer?

Subway had been a dominant player in the submarine sandwich category since its inception in 1965. By 2011, the company had surpassed McDonald’s as the world’s largest restaurant chain. However, the emergence of strong competition and a number of issues—mostly related to its products, place, and price—had caused the company to struggle since 2014. The company’s franchise system was poorly designed and operated, product quality had slipped, the company had not kept up with industry and dietary trends, and the arrest of the company’s key spokesperson had a negative effect on the company’s profits. Revenues declined from 2014 to 2019, and 2,376 stores were closed between 2016 and 2018. Subway needed to turn itself around. How could Subway’s chief executive officer resolve the company’s product-, place-, and price-related issues to help reverse its fortunes?

This case, a follow-on to "Luvo" (517-049), provides a brief look at changes that have occured at Luvo, now called Performance Kitchen, since the timing of the first case (mid 2016). Set in January 2020, Luvo (B) touches on developments such as the company's purchase of a small food retail chain and its "food-is-medicine" strategic positioning, which includes selling to health insurers and other firms in the health care industry.

In March 2017, the American fast food giant McDonald's Corporation (McDonald's) launched an ambitious strategic plan, named the Velocity Growth Plan, with the intention of maintaining its dominance over competitors. As part of this strategy, McDonald's wanted to retain its current customers, regain lost customers, and convert casual customers into more committed customers. To help accomplish these objectives, McDonald's introduced delivery and mobile ordering services. The company also announced that it would remodel its stores, as part the Velocity Growth Plan. Two years later, in March 2019, McDonald's acquired Dynamic Yield, a digital personalization platform that could be integrated into McDonald's drive-through service, in-store kiosks, and mobile application. By early 2019, McDonald's was the largest fast food company in the world, with approximately 37,855 restaurants across 120 countries, largely seen as the premiere fast food company in the industry. However, Dynamic Yield's software provided McDonald's with the ability to offer customers immediate recommendations, one-to-one messaging, and customer data management. How could McDonald's best use Dynamic Yield to meet its ambitious growth objectives?

A young Canadian entrepreneur had established a digital medical tourism concierge service in Armenia--GetTreated CJSC--and in 2019 was evaluating the opportunities for the company's growth. While the company was experiencing steady growth, the founder felt that the growth rates were not reflective of the potential that was present in the market. Something had to be changed about how the company was acquiring its customers. The company's promotional strategy also needed work in the face of increasing competition locally and globally.

This note, written in late March 2020 and mainly U.S. focused, looks at the unfolding impact of the coronavirus pandemic on food retailers and their suppliers. It allows student to consider the challenges facing food retail executives as they navigate urgent supply chain challenges amid rapidly changing information and circumstances. It touches on developments in various segments of the supply chain, including farms, manufacturers, the trucking industry, warehouse operators, and store operations, as well as home delivery. The note is "set" as the outbreak is accelerating in the U.S., where the first "hot spots" include cities such as Seattle and New York City. Officials in many states have ordered or advised residents to stay home, exempting those employed in industries designated "essential," including food. The food industry is contending with a massive surge in demand for staple goods, as consumers worry about product shortages, seek to minimize store visits, and anticipate long stretches of time at home. Stock-outs and rationing in some categories in stores are widespread. Demand for online food shopping and delivery has skyrocketed well beyond the current capacity of retailers in many markets. As they scramble to respond, players up and down the food supply chain are changing how they source, make, move, and stock products. While U.S. officials have asserted that the food system remains reliable, anecdotal news is emerging of problems facing individual players, industry segments, and geographies. With the crisis expected to continue for weeks or months, all are bracing for even greater challenges.

In 2019, the president of China’s ride share company Didi Chuxing Technology Co. (Didi) faced various challenges associated with marketing and communications in a high-risk disruptive technology. As one of few female global corporate leaders, she was a role model for young women and promoted inclusion and diversity at Didi. However, the emergence of autonomous and connected vehicles in the industry forced her to make some strategic decisions. Several recent high-profile safety failures involving Didi and other industry giants had resulted in injury and death. The president needed to develop a communications and marketing plan for Didi’s employee and consumer stakeholders. But how should she respond to the recent negative media reports? What promotion and communication strategies would enable the company to develop a level of trust and knowledge that would set it apart from its high-risk competitors? How could the president influence consumer perceptions of the industry’s—and Didi’s—legitimacy?

Ronds Science & Technology Incorporated Company (Ronds) was a leading smart solutions provider in China’s machine condition monitoring market. Since its establishment, 10 years earlier, the high-tech company’s monitoring and diagnostic solutions have been implemented across various industries, with the strongest foothold in the wind energy industry. However, the co-founder and chairman of Ronds observed that most Chinese industrial enterprises were slow in adopting technology in the area of maintenance and repair, and long sales cycles had led to Ronds missing its 2016 sales target. News of the Chinese central government’s plans to redistribute wind energy projects across China to new provinces also followed. Given Ronds’s weak profitability performance and the recent change in government policies, the company had to consider whether it should focus on further penetrating the wind energy market or expand to other industries. As either approach had its own challenges, the cofounder and his senior management looked to identify the best growth strategy for Ronds to remain competitive in the industry 4.0 era.

Supplement for product 9B20A011.

Launched in 2009, Australian-based Shoes of Prey allowed potential customers to design every detail of a pair of shoes. The co-creation strategy offered customers a sense of ownership and increased their perceived value of the shoes. The company initially focused on niche customers; however, as a result of increased business investment, it decided to scale its business to the mass market. This mass customization and co-creation strategy brought numerous challenges. The company’s inability to succeed in the mass market led to the co-founder suspending business operations in August 2018. Should she reboot the business with substantial changes, or was it time sell out?

In mid-2019, the managing director of Switz Foods Pvt. Ltd. (SFPL), which owned the Mio Amore bakery brand, faced the dilemma of how to tackle its competition. Under a franchise agreement from 1989–2014, the company had manufactured and sold cakes and other food products in Eastern India under the Monginis brand name. Due to the managing director’s innovative and emotion-centric market positioning, Monginis quickly became the number one bakery brand in Eastern India. In 2015, however, the franchise licence was discontinued with a condition that, for a period of three years, Monginis would not enter the territories where SFPL had held the Monginis franchise. In 2015, SFPL created the new bakery brand, Mio Amore. In 2019, the Monginis brand re-entered the East Indian market. The managing director’s dilemma was how to sustain Mio Amore’s leadership position, while countering the competition from a former brand.

Launched in 2009, Australian-based Shoes of Prey allowed potential customers to design every detail of a pair of shoes. The co-creation strategy offered customers a sense of ownership and increased their perceived value of the shoes. The company initially focused on niche customers; however, as a result of increased business investment, it decided to scale its business to the mass market. This mass customization and co-creation strategy brought numerous challenges. The company's inability to succeed in the mass market led to the co-founder suspending business operations in August 2018. Should she reboot the business with substantial changes, or was it time sell out?

In mid-2019, the managing director of Switz Foods Pvt. Ltd. (SFPL), which owned the Mio Amore bakery brand, faced the dilemma of how to tackle its competition. Under a franchise agreement from 1989-2014, the company had manufactured and sold cakes and other food products in Eastern India under the Monginis brand name. Due to the managing director's innovative and emotion-centric market positioning, Monginis quickly became the number one bakery brand in Eastern India. In 2015, however, the franchise licence was discontinued with a condition that, for a period of three years, Monginis would not enter the territories where SFPL had held the Monginis franchise. In 2015, SFPL created the new bakery brand, Mio Amore. In 2019, the Monginis brand re-entered the East Indian market. The managing director's dilemma was how to sustain Mio Amore's leadership position, while countering the competition from a former brand.

By fourth quarter, 2019, Lisa Sedlar, CEO of Green Zebra turned her attention to revenue and margin growth for the Oregon-based, healthy convenience-store (c-store) chain she founded six years earlier. Feedback from investors convinced her to push her startup closer toward profitability, before expanding her three-store Portland operation. To help with her planning, Sedlar brought on a veteran of the local tech sector, Lenka Jelinek, to evaluate Green Zebra's operational readiness to scale. Jelinek's first assignment involved an evaluation of Zebra Cash, the customer loyalty program launched in 2013. As Sedlar explained, "Frankly, I haven't designed our loyalty card program well. My guess is there's more we could do there." Although LPs had become a growing trend among c-store competitors, Sedlar had nagging concerns about their cost effectiveness. She needed an objective analysis of the Zebra Cash revenue and margin potential, an assessment made more urgent by the fact that she had cash in the bank to fund operations only through Q1, 2020. Although Sedlar realized that an optimized LP wouldn't solve all her cash flow challenges, the question was whether it could relieve some of the short-term financial pressure. Beyond the cash flow impact, there was also the question of whether the Zebra Cash program had strategic value given future expansion plans.

Spreadsheet supplement for case NA0643.

This case is set in the education industry. The President of National Management University (NMU), a fictional university in Singapore, has asked a professor to assume the role of the Dean of Graduate Studies with a mandate to reverse the trend of declining enrollments at the university. The 20-year-old university was among the top five in the nation and had been offering graduate programs for a decade. It had begun to witness a decline in enrollments that was concerning from both a financial sustainability perspective and in view of the lofty growth targets set by the university board. To assist him in getting to the root of the current problem and finding a solution, the new Dean has asked for, and received, a large amount of information on the university's marketing and promotion activities and expenditures, its choice of media and venue for its spends, the speed of student enrollment and the effectiveness of its campaigns. He hopes the data will provide potential answers as to how to better spend university resources to increase student recruitment and achieve the growth targets.

Founded in 1899 by Shinjiro Torii in Osaka, Japan, Suntory Holdings (Suntory) boasted a rich history in Japan’s alcoholic beverage industry. It purchased US-based Beam in 2014 for $16 billion, renamed itself as Beam Suntory, and transformed into one of the world’s largest alcoholic beverage makers, reaching total global revenues of more than 2.5 trillion yen ($23 billion) by the end of fiscal year 2018. Now, in 2020, could the Suntory team pull off a third miracle and successfully bring Japan’s highball culture to the extremely competitive global marketplace?

In 2018, the owner of Blue Sky Ranch, a heritage pig farm in British Columbia, Canada, was reviewing her business options. She had been producing premium-priced, high-quality pork for two years; however, despite growing demand from restaurants, grocers, and consumers for high-end, sustainably raised, free-range meat, Blue Sky Ranch was not yet profitable. The owner faced several challenges in processing and delivering her product to clients, and faced competition from large meat producers who had stronger relationships within the food supply chain. The business was operating at a loss and was continually constrained by federal and provincial regulations. What options were available to ensure the future of her business?

Founded in 1899 by Shinjiro Torii in Osaka, Japan, Suntory Holdings (Suntory) boasted a rich history in Japan's alcoholic beverage industry. It purchased US-based Beam in 2014 for $16 billion, renamed itself as Beam Suntory, and transformed into one of the world's largest alcoholic beverage makers, reaching total global revenues of more than 2.5 trillion yen ($23 billion) by the end of fiscal year 2018. Now, in 2020, could the Suntory team pull off a third miracle and successfully bring Japan's highball culture to the extremely competitive global marketplace?