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The key objectives of this case are to: (1) familiarize students with a simple version of the Markowitz optimal-asset allocation model; (2) develop students' intuition regarding optimal-asset allocation as specific inputs into the model (e.g., expected returns, standard deviations, correlations) change values; and (3) develop students' intuition regarding constraints that alternative investors may face (e.g., the presence of shorting constraints) and their impact on the optimal portfolio.

Strategic Capital Management, LLC, is a hedge fund that is planning to make financial investments in Creative Computers and Ubid. Creative Computers recently sold approximately 20% of its Internet auction subsidiary, Ubid, to the public at $15 per share. Ubid's stock price closed the first day of trading at $48, giving Ubid a $439 million market capitalization. Paradoxically, the parent's stock price did not keep pace with that of its subsidiary. At the end of Ubid's first day as a public company, Creative Computers' equity value was less than the value of its stake in Ubid. The market prices implied that Creative Computers' non-Ubid assets had a value of negative $79 million. The relative prices and ownership link between Creative Computers and Ubid suggest a potential arbitrage opportunity. To evaluate how best to exploit this investment opportunity, Elena King, the manager of the hedge fund, must understand both the risks and expected returns associated with different long and short equity positions.

Supplements the (A) case.

Supplements the (A) case.

Spreadsheet Supplement for case 102021.

Spreadsheet Supplement for case 902401

Fred Bocock was examining the performance of the Energy Hedge Fund and the Energy Portfolio, a hedge fund and a mutual fund respectively, that he manages. Bocock had become increasingly aware that absolute returns or relative returns (returns relative to a benchmark) may not adequately capture his performance and some measure of risk-adjusted performance was necessary. The Dynamis Energy Hedge Fund extends the discussion of performance evaluation into the hedge fund arena. (See "Zeus Asset Management," UV0084, for an examination of performance evaluation techniques in the mutual funds arena.) More broadly, the case engages students in discussions on what hedge funds are, what investment strategies they use, and who their investors are. Since the portfolio manager of Dynamis manages both an oil sector equity mutual fund and an oil sector hedge fund, the case allows for a comparison between a hedge fund and a mutual fund. Students should consider the pros and cons of evaluating the performance of the oil stock mutual fund against a number of oil sector stock indices as well as against a number of generic indices, such as the S&P 500 Index. The use of futures, options, shorts, and leverage by hedge funds makes it a lot more difficult to measure their performance. The case comes with a spreadsheet that contains data on the energy mutual fund, the Dynamis hedge fund, and several relevant indices.

NASDAQ's mission "to facilitate capital formation" is threatened by the emergence of Electronic Communication Networks, which are not as heavily regulated by the SEC. This case reviews the development of NASDAQ and its evolution from a loose network of broker-dealers through to its proposed SuperMontage. SuperMontage is a centralized order book, where multiple parties can place orders (both buy and sell) for the stocks they wish to trade and where entire supply and demand curves can be displayed. To understand the context, students will learn about the structure of the capital markets and why it concerns regulators and investors.

This case introduces students to the concepts of option valuation and asks them to estimate option prices using the Black-Scholes pricing model. It illustrates the importance of volatility to option pricing and allows the introduction of the concept of implied volatility. The case is used most effectively in sequence with "Ito's Delight" (UVA-F-1333) to introduce option-pricing concepts. Different versions of this teaching plan have been successfully used for both MBA and executive-education audiences.

Louise Ito examines option-pricing data from the Wall Street Journal. She wants to make sure that she understands the basic principles behind option pricing and examines whether these prices are consistent with respect to the effects of strike price and maturity. She also computes the intrinsic and the time value for each of the options and compares their relative magnitudes with what theory suggests. This case is taught during the first day in a two-day sequence of teaching the fundamentals of option pricing (second-day case: Ito's Dilemma UVA-F-1283). The teaching note includes a teaching plan of how to effectively teach this case and includes several examples that highlight the determinants of option pricing.

Corporate Promotions Incorporated, a small merchandising company producing specialty advertising products, custom clothing and pre-printed paper for promotional campaigns, had an opportunity to bid on a sales contract of two to five million dollars. Serious cash flow problems threatened to prevent the company from servicing the customer, and the company's president approached the Bank of Ontario to request a $75,000 increase to its working capital loan. The loan manager must review the company's past and future financial positions before deciding on the requested loan increase.

Throughout 1999, PepsiCo closely tracked several potential strategic acquisitions. In the fall of 2000, it appeared that the right moment for an equity-financed acquisition had arrived. At this time, PepsiCo management decided to initiate confidential discussions with The Quaker Oats Co. about a potential business combination. Gatorade, a key brand in Quaker's portfolio, had long been on PepsiCo's wish list, but PepsiCo's managers, led by CEO Roger Enrico and CFO Indra Nooyi, were committed to upholding the value of PepsiCo's shares and, as a result, were determined not to pay too much for Quaker. This case provides information that allows students: to assess the value of Quaker's businesses, estimate potential synergies associated with a Pepsi-Quaker merger, and come up with an effective negotiation strategy.

A video rental store is considering offering home delivery service. Management must value the project under different financing strategies and methods, specifically adjusted present value (APV) and weighted average cost of capital (WACC).

Spreadsheet supplement for case 201-094.

Spreadsheet Supplement for case 101110.

Set in the context of the rise and fall of the Internet stocks in the United States.

This case presents four exercises that teach compounding interest and valuing bonds.