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This B2B role play case and the six role play supplements describe an account manager's seven month sales process and the customer's buying process that led to a lost order. It is an excellent case to explore organizational buying behaviour, the discipline of the selling process and the management of sales resources (time) as an asset. It can be included in an introductory marketing course at the MBA or undergraduate level. It is equally effective for executive development. It also fits in a B2B marketing course to explore organizational buying behaviour, or in the introduction module in a sales management course.

This B2B role play case and the six role play supplements describe an account manager's seven month sales process and the customer's buying process that led to a lost order. It is an excellent case to explore organizational buying behaviour, the discipline of the selling process and the management of sales resources (time) as an asset. It can be included in an introductory marketing course at the MBA or undergraduate level. It is equally effective for executive development. It also fits in a B2B marketing course to explore organizational buying behaviour, or in the introduction module in a sales management course.

This B2B role play case and the six role play supplements describe an account manager's seven month sales process and the customer's buying process that led to a lost order. It is an excellent case to explore organizational buying behaviour, the discipline of the selling process and the management of sales resources (time) as an asset. It can be included in an introductory marketing course at the MBA or undergraduate level. It is equally effective for executive development. It also fits in a B2B marketing course to explore organizational buying behaviour, or in the introduction module in a sales management course.

In 2001, the Yellow Tail brand of wines, launched in partnership with Australia's Casella Wines, achieved considerable success in the US market, despite intense competition from Californian, Italian, and Chilean wines. However, although Yellow Tail's first years were marked by exceptional growth-early batches sold out so quickly that extra bottles had to be shipped by plane-sales began to slow by the decade's end. Should Yellow Tail change its strategy? And should it consider investing in other products, or even product categories? In this case, students analyze how a brand like Yellow Tail can regain its momentum.

In February 2007, Jonah Nobleza started Marina Gana Vida ("MGV") in the Davao coastal area in the Philippines, which historically had been the home of many subsistence fishermen living in poverty. MGV sold hatchery-bred fry fish seed stocks, fresh fish and packaged fish products produced in its own processing plant. The main social objective of MGV was to help the poor living in the area through job or business opportunities so that some day they could lift their households out of poverty. Since 2009, MGV had been gradually meeting its social, environmental and economic goals. It provided direct and indirect employment to many poor households. Nobleza faced conflicting goals as he tried to scale up MGV's production. Should he replace the women workers with machines that could produce more jars of processed fish products per day? Without a sizable business, he would have trouble proving his successful business model to those who would be willing to provide the much-needed funds to MGV. What could he do to balance his philanthropic and business goals in a social enterprise such as MGV?

It was April 10, 2011, when the head of Whirlpool's Asia International Procurement Office in Shanghai was informed by his colleagues that the company was about to launch a new energy-efficient refrigerator model in just six months. For the new refrigerator model, the basic difference was in the motor; the current AC motor would need to be replaced with a DC motor, which was more efficient but also more expensive. He would have to find a suitable supplier of DC motors in a very short time. Delayed sourcing of components would cause delays in the production of a new refrigerator, and thus, a later launch of new products. Within the home-appliance industry, the fierce level of competition meant that any delays in launching new products would result in a loss of sales for the stragglers. How should Whirlpool go about the process of finding a suitable supplier for the required DC motor parts? Should the company explore the possibility of developing their current supplier, or should they quickly engage an existing supplier of DC motors?

Examines the career of Marc Rich, the world's leading commodity trader before his criminal indictment in the United States in 1983. The case surveys the historical growth of commodity trading, especially in metals, from the late nineteenth century, and its evolving forms as governments intervened in markets after 1945. Rich joined Philipp Brothers, then the largest commodity trader, in 1954. He formed his own firm two decades later. He was instrumental in the creation of a spot market in petroleum, and assumed a pivotal role in the industry during the 1970s by selling Iranian oil to Israel and South Africa. The case provides a means to explore the rationale and advantages of giant commodity traders, as well as enabling students to debate corporate use of tax havens.

Based in Nairobi, Kenya, EcoPost manufactures construction posts out of the thousands of tons of plastic waste produced daily by the city. The posts, which are manufactured using second-hand industrial equipment, are frequently used to build fences, park benches, and other objects. Because lumber is very scarce in Kenya, and subject to theft and termite damage, the posts sell very well, and the company has trouble keeping up with demand. The company's directors are seeking financing to purchase new equipment and scale and diversify their production. However, they face many obstacles overcoming skepticism from investors, largely because of their relatively poor financial record keeping.

Microsoft Office was facing an uphill task in engaging the undergraduate student community. Attracting this audience-the most tech-savvy generation ever-was critical to the future of the Microsoft Office franchise. Microsoft's past advertising efforts to reach this audience had proven lackluster, while its key competitors were gradually entrenching themselves among this demographic. Microsoft's challenge was to determine the best tactics that could successfully connect with this audience. The (A) case describes Microsoft's dilemma and briefly addresses what college students mostly care about: managing homework, creating great-looking schoolwork, preparing for the workplace, and collaborating with friends and classmates. It also provides competitive information, chiefly Google's increasing presence in universities and its focus on the higher education market and the growing influence of Facebook among students and its evolution into a productivity tool. The (B) case describes the qualitative research tools that Microsoft used to get a better understanding of college students: day diaries using Twitter, technology diaries using the Internet and smartphones, focus groups, and one-on-one interviews with students. The case helps students understand the value of ethnographic and qualitative research techniques, draw inferences from the data, and subsequently make recommendations. It illustrates how ethnographic and observational studies enrich research by generating deeper consumer insight than traditional methods.

On June 12, 2008, Invitrogen and Applied Biosystems announced plans to merge. The combined company was to be renamed Life Technologies (NASDAQ: LIFE). Invitrogen offered to acquire Applied Biosystems for $6.7 billion in cash and stock. AB shareholders would receive $38 per share in cash and stock, representing a 17 percent premium over the share's closing price on Wednesday, June 11, 2008.

This case deals with a dilemma faced by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. Following the elimination of India from the knock-out phase of the World Cup 2007 championship, the BCCI and team sponsors found themselves at a crossroads. Others were vying with cricket for the advertising budgets of companies, and spectator interest for cricket was on the wane. The vice president of the BCCI had to perform a situation analysis after the backlash from fans and assess the way forward for the sport after the team's poor performance in the World Cup. The case facilitates an analysis of the environment for cricket in India in 2007 and an assessment of the need for next steps for the game to regain its preeminent status among sports fans in the country.

This case deals with cricket in India following the 2007 World Cup and leading to the early manifestations of the Indian Premier League's Twenty20 cricket championship (IPLT20). Following the elimination of India from the knock-out phase of the World Cup 2007 (One Day Cricket) championship, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and team sponsors found themselves at a crossroads. Other sports and entities were competing with cricket for companies' advertising budgets and, in this setting, the IPLT20 was born. As the IPLT20 caught the imagination of viewers, the Sahara Group, an Indian conglomerate, was faced with an opportunity to bid for a new franchise, which could be one of two additional teams to join the existing eight-team IPLT20. The Sahara Group had been apprehensive about continuing its sponsorship of the Indian test team in the past and had missed the opportunity to own a franchise at the launch of the IPLT20 two years earlier. This case allows for an analysis of the Indian cricket environment in 2007 and the evolution of the IPLT20, as well as an assessment of a bid by the Sahara Group to enter the IPLT20.

Annapurna Mahila Mandal (AMM), Mumbai, is a trust that provides micro credit and other services to poor working women. It was established in 1975 by a veteran Goa freedom fighter and social entrepreneur and her late husband, a union leader, in the wake of a decade-long millworkers' strike in Mumbai. Though AMM was a pioneer in the field of urban microfinance, by 1982 it slowly started losing its focus on microfinance and diverted to other social activities, which were difficult to scale up and thus started to turn unviable. In 1993, when AMM's chairperson began looking after the operations, she realized that the external environment was evolving quickly with changes in regulations, rising competition, rising aspirations of microfinance clients, etc. If not tackled on time, these potential threats could jeopardize the survival of the organization. AMM needed to develop a very clear vision as to which direction it should grow in in order to become sustainable without losing its focus on the core objective - the empowerment of poor women.

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Students must to decide whether Horizon Lines should seek Chapter 11 protection or attempt a voluntary financial restructuring. This case presents students with a wide range of financial restructuring alternatives to consider and should give them an appreciation of the advantages and disadvantages faced by a firm choosing to use the bankruptcy court. The case is best taught to experienced students who understand corporate finance fundamentals and, in particular, grasp the principes of valuation and capital structure. It is recommended that it be taught either just before or just after a Chapter 11 case such as "Delphi Corporation" (UVA-F-1617).

In 2012, Bill Allen and Maria Pejter, of Maersk Group's Human Resources Department, sat down to consider some key aspects of Maersk's talent management strategy. Headquartered in Copenhagen, Maersk was a global conglomerate with large shipping and oil & gas businesses. Among the talent management issues being discussed: an increase an employee turnover; internal training and development programs; hiring experienced talent from outside the firm; rehiring former employees ("boomerangs"); and increasing employee diversity.

As Clayton Christensen drove to the studio to deliver an online executive education class, he pondered the future of management education. How big a threat did online degree programs, corporate universities, and other innovations in the delivery of management training represent to the MBA program of the Harvard Business School or other residential programs? Certainly new innovations in the industry promised to deliver management education to a much broader audience at a far lower cost. Christensen had noted that many companies were less and less present in MBA recruiting, and he believed that companies' ability to train employees within the context of their jobs was quelling their desire for MBAs with less company-specific general management training. He wondered if the changes afoot represented a threat or an opportunity for the HBS MBA program. The case presents data on the HBS MBA program, including career and professional development statistics so that students are able to assess the cost of receiving an HBS MBA, and they are able to compare that cost to an online MBA program.

This case documents the challenges involved in the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) by the government in a democratic system, especially in the context of a developing country. Nemmadi was an e-governance project initiated in 2004 by the government of the state of Karnataka located in the southern part of India. Since the beginning of the new millennium, the policy and the political environment in Karnataka had turned quite favourable for such ICT initiatives. Aimed at improving the transparency, accountability and efficiency of the government administration at the village level, Nemmadi was an ambitious project conceived to offer digital services to rural citizens across 800 hoblis (cluster of villages) in the state. The services included issue of certificates of several kinds, which entitled the citizens belonging to economically and socially backward sections of the society to avail of benefits and concessions under various government schemes conceived as part of affirmative action by the state. Project Nemmadi was conceived as a 'sequel' to a celebrated e-governance initiative called Bhoomi, which involved digitization of seven million agricultural land records, and was a landmark in e-governance in India. Bhoomi was championed and closely led by Shekhar Puri, the then Principal Secretary of e-governance who also led the Nemmadi project during its roll-out phase. The roll-out of Project Nemmadi faced many challenges. The village functionaries and their interface with Nemmadi impacted project implementation, and hence adoption. It had received its share of bouquets and brickbats and had won several awards. Naveen Iyer took charge as the Principal Secretary of this department. Naveen's recommendations to the political leadership and the decisions that follow could transform the project to a truly village-level Citizen Service Center.

Founded in 1987, Invitrogen was one of the largest catalog life science companies in the industry. Its customers came from academic research, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies and government laboratories. Scientists viewed Invitrogen as a one-stop shop for all major molecular biology, biochemistry and cell culture reagent products, with prices ranging from a hundred dollars to a few thousand dollars.

In April 2012, the director of marketing for Pepsi Beverages Canada assessed the launch plans for the year's version of what had traditionally been called the Pepsi Challenge. Now called the Pepsi Ultimate Taste Challenge, the goals of the campaign were very aggressive and, of course, a Coke versus Pepsi battle was always difficult. The novelty for summer 2012 was the emphasis on social media, and the interaction between social media and the Ultimate Taste Challenge. In addition, the marketing director was targeting the Millenials as a target market segment. These consumers were a notoriously difficult group to market to. The marketing director assessed the proposal he received and needed to make a decision as to whether to approve it, or whether changes were necessary to achieve his market share goals.