個案總覽

Provides a history of the LPGA and examines the gender pay gap in professional sports. Discusses the opportunities and challenges the LPGA currently faces.

In January 2023, CEO Rick Woldenberg must make several strategic decisions for his family-owned toy company Learning Resources.

Increased use of digital collaboration tools are making employee contributions more visible within their organizations and connecting them with wider networks both of which can provide them with more options for career growth. The authors researched the effects of increased visibility into individual performance and found evidence that it leads to increased mobility. That means managers need to worry about retaining not only their stars, but also their A-/B+ talent.

Many salespeople today are struggling; only 57% of them make their annual quotas, surveys show. One problem is that buying processes have evolved faster than selling processes, and buyers today can access a wide range of online resources that let them evaluate products before even meeting a salesperson. AI tools can help organizations close the gap, but most don't know how to use them effectively. In this article the authors describe how sales AI has been a real game changer at a few companies. They also provide a self-assessment tool, the Sales Success Matrix, that will show sales leaders where to start or improve their AI journeys. The matrix has two dimensions: relationship level (which runs from transactional vendor on the low end to trusted co-creator at the top) and process level (which runs from ad hoc to customized). At the lower levels of both relationships and processes, simple AI that decreases costs and improves efficiency works best. In the mid levels, advanced AI increases sales effectiveness by analyzing opportunities and customer needs. At the highest level, cutting-edge technologies help firms generate deep insights about customers. No matter where a firm falls on the matrix, AI can help it boost sales. And the sooner and more broadly it applies AI tools, the better they work.

The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) has organized the presidential and vice-presidential debates in the United States since 1988. In the spring of 2022, the Republican National Committee threatened to bar their nominees from participating in any CPD-sponsored debates in the upcoming election. The CPD must decide how to handle this challenge.

Cameron (Cam) Barker, CEO and Founder of Blake Sports Apparel, sat in his office at his company's headquarters in Birmingham, England, feeling stunned and disappointed. Only a few minutes prior, he had wrapped up a meeting with CFO James Ryan, a highly-respected star executive who had just abruptly given Barker his notice of resignation. When Barker hired Ryan in November 2020, he had asked Ryan not to take the position unless he intended to stay for at least five years, which Ryan agreed was his plan. Yet, here Barker was just eighteen months later and Ryan was ready to walk out the door, citing Barker's leadership style as one factor in his decision to leave. After years of struggling to find the right executive team structure and size and to fill the positions with the right people, Barker thought he had finally gotten it right. The executive team had proved that they were capable of communicating, collaborating and making smart decisions in ways that put the organization's priorities ahead of their own. Furthermore, Ryan had proven himself to be just the kind of CFO the growing company needed. Baker knew his departure was a loss. Why did Ryan resign? What issues had he taken with Barker's leadership? Should Barker take Ryan's feedback to heart, or was it simply a case of conflicting styles? After years of managing dysfunctional executive teams, did Barker need to change the way he managed his reports now that his executive team was collaborative and high-performing? If so, how?

On June 6, 1944, nearly 5,000 ships, 11,000 planes, and 160,000 infantrymen under an Allied joint-command of American, British, and Canadian leaders were sent across the English Channel, with hopes of re-establishing a foothold in Nazi-occupied France. Known as D-Day, June 6 marked a definitive turning point in World War II and was viewed by many as the most significant military campaign in history. It was also one of the riskiest. Code named Operation Overlord, the invasion required years of diligent planning and countless hours of labor from Allied soldiers and citizens. Before they could attempt a successful invasion of continental Europe, British and American leadership recognized large scale preparatory efforts must take place: the establishment of a leadership team and organizational structure, the arrival of Allied troops in England and subsequent training sessions, the containment of German air superiority over Europe as well as its supply lines, and finally, the development and use of innovative information sources in planning the attack.

In January 2021, Byte co-founders Scott Cohen and Blake Johnson reflected on how far their Los Angeles-based direct-to-consumer (DTC) orthodontics company had come since launching its clear aligners just a little over two years earlier. Cohen and Johnson were both serial entrepreneurs who had guided several companies to successful exits. They had planned to take the same approach with Byte, preparing for an exit by focusing on profitability and stable growth and forgoing dilutive venture capital (VC) funding. Neither of them had expected Byte to grow as quickly as it had, but the market opportunity had unexpectedly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic, when many consumers sought at-home treatment options. Cohen and Johnson thought about what their next move should be. Given Byte's rapid growth, the founders considered whether they should instead consider other options, such as a strategic acquisition or an eventual initial public offering (IPO). Either option would help position Byte for global expansion, which the founders felt would be a promising growth opportunity for the company.

For years business leaders have turned to peer forums--groups of four to 10 people with similar interests who meet regularly for confidential conversations--to share their problems, find support and insights, and learn and grow. But because such forums are small and private, many people don't know much about them. In this article two authors who have studied forums extensively open a window into them. Drawing on their research, Groysberg and Halperin explain the different types of peer forums, how they can benefit individuals in a variety of jobs and organizations, and the principles and practices that make them successful, as well as the challenges they sometimes face.

"Gender Equality in Business: 100 Years of Progress?" traces the history of women in management from the early 20th to early 21st century through analysis of Harvard Business Review's coverage of women and gender. The case identifies six distinct phases in the evolution of women's opportunities and barriers as well as attitudes toward professional women. It explores when and how concepts like equal pay for equal work, sexual harassment, female leadership, and the 'mommy track' influenced organizational approaches to hiring and promoting women. Ultimately, it accounts for tremendous progress made in women's status in the workplace but notes that gender parity has not yet been achieved. What will it take for gender gaps to close as the 21st century continues?

Follows the journey of lawyer Marsha Simms from her childhood in racially-segregated St. Louis to the upper echelons of the New York legal community. Describes her education, career choices, accomplishments, and setbacks. Highlights significant moments such as her decision to attend law school; discovering a practice area she excelled at; failing to advance to partner at one firm; moving firms and achieving partnership; and joining her first board of directors. Explores how she navigated a majority-white, male-dominated industry as a Black woman and contextualizes Marsha's career trajectory within the history of racial and gender discrimination in the legal field.

In 2010, 3G Capital acquired Burger King, the second largest burger chain globally. 3G expanded Burger King's operations via acquisitions into a multi-brand business, renamed Restaurant Brands International. The acquisition had been a financial success story for 3G. However, in recent years RBI had faced its share of challenges including competition in its home markets, the rollout of a digital strategy, and increased employee turnover. In March 2022, the questions facing José Cil, RBI's CEO, and the company's co-chairmen, Daniel Schwartz and Alex Behring, were whether they had done the right things to address these challenges and position RBI for continued success and what else needed to be done?

This case reviews IBM's efforts to widen its hiring funnel and broaden its talent pool.

In 2016, Martin "Marty" Walsh, the Mayor of Boston, introduced CityScore, a data dashboard that measured the city's progress across a range of metrics. The dashboard was updated daily and publicly available. The mayor frequently discussed the CityScore targets in cabinet meetings and the information it provided had become a tool in making policy decisions and allocating budgets. It is 2022. What should become of CityScore? Should future administrations continue to use it as a tool to measure the city's performance? If so, how should they consider adapting it?

Buddy Valastro, celebrity baker and business owner, inherited his father's bakery-Carlo's Bake Shop of Hoboken, New Jersey-at the age of seventeen. He had willed the shop to survive and gone on to fame through his television show, "Cake Boss"-the name most people now called him. Its popularity allowed Valastro to launch many additional ventures in the worlds of TV and food, including additional locations of Carlo's Bake Shop. Valastro's businesses had remained profitable throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, and he and has team had learned a great deal while managing through the crisis. Valastro felt like he was at a turning point and could build upon the lessons of the pandemic to scale his business. Moving into the future, how could Buddy leverage data and digital offerings? Did he even need brick-and-mortar bakeries? Did he have the infrastructure and team necessary to operate his company now and realize his vision for the future? Was Valastro overextended? How important was Valastro to the brand and to the company? Could they outlast him in the long-run?

The OneTen case study examines the nonprofit organization's origin story. Its founding team includes a roster of corporate superstars-Ken Chenault (former CEO of American Express), Ken Frazier (former CEO of Merck), Charles Phillips (chair of Infor), Ginni Rometty (former CEO of IBM), and Kevin Sharer (former CEO and chair of Amgen). In May 2020, soon after the murder of George Floyd, this group came together to form a nonprofit that would partner with companies, talent developers, and Black talent, with the goal of hiring one million Black people in the U.S. into jobs with family-sustaining wages over the next 10 years. Equally important is an emphasis on the promotion of talented Black employees within existing companies. The case is set in late 2020, just after the hire of OneTen's first CEO, Maurice Jones; it explores how the organization was established, structured, and staffed, and how it has so far built its partnerships.

Changing employers has been linked to larger pay increases for executives and managers. Although survey-based studies suggest that men gain more than women, an analysis of more than 2,000 job moves found that executive women are commanding bigger increases than men when switching employers. In certain contexts, female executives can use these external moves to increase their own compensation and perhaps narrow the gender pay gap overall.

This case profiles the career of Ghana-based chef and entrepreneur, Selassie Atadika. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, she faced many questions about the future, such as: How could she convince Ghanaian consumers to view their native cuisine in a fresh, compelling way? How could she sustain the fine dining arm of Midunu, Atadika's food and lifestyle company, in a nation where the average annual income hovered at USD5,000? Should she expand her chocolate business internationally? As Atadika became an important player on the culinary world stage, what were the best ways to promote her business and capitalize on her increasingly high international profile?

Executive Chris Ernst uses a unique personal strategy to define his six life roles (spiritual explorer, natural being, development pioneer, global/local citizen, thriving family, true friend) and achieve harmony among them.