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Provides an introduction to three cash flow valuation methods. The three methods differ in their measure of cash flows and the discount rate applied to those cash flows. The names for the three methods correspond to the type of cash flow that is used in the valuation: Equity Cash Flow (ECF), Capital Cash Flow (CCF), and Free Cash Flow (FCF). The three methods provide consistent valuations when applied correctly.

Spreadsheet supplement for case 295155.

Presents the capital cash flow method for valuing risky cash flows. In this method cash flows are calculated to include the benefits of interest tax shields. In a capital structure, with just ordinary debt and common equity, capital cash flows equal the flows available to equity--net income plus depreciation less capital expenditure and the change in working capital--plus the cash interest paid to bondholders. The interest tax shields decrease taxable income and thereby increase cash flows. Since the interest tax shields are included in the cash flows, a before-tax interest rate that corresponds to the riskiness of the assets is appropriate to value the capital cash flows.

Spreadsheet Supplement case for 295069

A small company faces the dilemma of how to finance growth (i.e., internally generated cash flows vs. outside financing sources). An innovative concept positions the company in promoting a niche within the kitchen-cabinet industry and in looking for an optimal way of leveraging that concept for fast growth.

In early 1991, Reynolds Metals, the makers of aluminum products, decided to sell its holding of Eskimo Pie, a marketer of branded frozen novelties. Reynolds had an offer from Nestle to acquire Eskimo Pie. However, Reynolds decided instead to make an initial public offering of Eskimo Pie shares. The case analyzes this decision.

Examines pre-packaged bankruptcy of Southland.

Pioneer is an integrated oil company. Its operations include exploration and development, production, transportation, and marketing. The case focuses on Pioneer's cost of capital calculations and its choice between a single company-wide cost of capital or divisional costs of capital. Provides students the opportunity to learn how to calculate a company-wide weighted average cost of capital. An appropriate measure of the cost of equity capital is presented so that students are able to challenge their understanding of key concepts by critiquing the company's measure and suggesting their own.

Examines Southland's financial difficulties following the LBO in 1987 up to the first restructuring plan in July 1990. The teaching objectives are: to explore the complexities of a failed leverage buyout and the operating restrictions that result from financial distress, to recognize that financing decisions can restrict future flexibility, to examine the dynamics of a restructuring with particular focus on the role of new equity, and the payoffs received by pre-existing claimholders, and to explain the complexity of accomplishing a restructuring outside of bankruptcy.

Examines the Thompson's $4.9 billion leveraged buyout of the Southland Corp. in 1987. As the original founders of Southland, the Thompsons were concerned about losing control over the company upon learning of the Belzberg family's acquiring interest. The teaching objectives are: to explore the characteristics of an LBO candidate, to examine the dynamics of the corporate control process when insiders are substantial stockholders, and therefore serve as both buyer and seller, and to evaluate the cash flow forecasts in an LBO and use them to analyze bidding behavior.

Gives students the opportunity to explore issues facing the board of directors in a leveraged buyout. RJR Nabisco is valued under different operating strategies and the source of gains in leveraged buyouts is stressed.

Gives students the opportunity to explore the effect of substantial free cash flow on corporate acquisition and operating strategies. Students are also given the opportunity to extract information from the common stock prices of the participating firms. A variety of valuation techniques are employed to assess the plausibility of a restructuring plan.

Gives students the opportunity to explore how a company uses the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to compute the cost of capital for each of its divisions. The use of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) formula and the mechanics of applying it are stressed.