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This case follows Nate Jamison as he determines which business entity to form for his growing City Moving Company (City Moving) in Washington, DC. From the start, Jamison operated City Moving as a sole proprietorship while he bootstrapped the business. Eventually he was able to get his own truck and hire two steady employees, and the three hope to formalize a business partnership to expand City Moving so that all three men can lead their own moving teams. To document the new ownership agreement, the partners know they need to properly register City Moving as a business entity. But which one would best fit City Moving's needs?

Supplement to case UV7749 The B case in this series picks up after the protagonist, Henry Franklin, has delivered his recommendation to use "first in, first out" (FIFO) accounting to the management of Sunshine O.J. (Sunshine). CEO Don Sanchez is impressed with Franklin's idea and asks him and his boss, Virginia Silverstein, to look into another problem at the company: inventory stockouts.

Henry Franklin works at Sunshine O.J. (Sunshine), a three-year-old, fast-growing organic orange juice manufacturer near Charleston, South Carolina. Before his employment at Sunshine, Franklin worked for about two decades in his family's business, Franklin's Hardware. Franklin learned a great deal during his time in the hardware business and hopes to use some of his insights to help Sunshine, which has been struggling to become profitable. This A case introduces inventory generally and highlights differences between "last in, first out" (LIFO) and "first in, first out" (FIFO) accounting. Franklin's manager asks him to prepare a LIFO/FIFO analysis for Sunshine based on real data so that he can present it in a management meeting.

Service systems are inherently subject to variability, whether through customers, service providers, suppliers, or unexpected events. Yet customers demand excellence and consistency regardless of this variability. In general, there are two ways to handle this variability-through people or through processes. We use the concept of robustness to describe these two approaches. This case uses an inventory mishap at a pet store to explore the need for robust people in a service system subject to variability. The case gives students the opportunity to explore the implications of lack of robustness when people face unexpected variability. A day-shift manager at a pet store, Martin Fesmire, thinks nothing of selling two rabbits to his best customer. But when the rabbits have a litter of bunnies overnight, Fesmire's professional world is thrown into turmoil that will grow to involve his boss, the corporate legal department, the CEO, the highest court in America, and an ever-increasing number of disputed rabbits. This tongue-in-cheek story allows for a discussion of the strategic tradeoffs between investing in robust people versus investing in robust processes.

Knowledge, creativity, adaptability, and the ability to learn are critical necessities in a world in which the pace of change is accelerating. Many of us will choose to or be required to make a career pivot, in which we must reassess our aptitudes, interests, and priorities. It is in these junctures that significant, positive change is possible. This is where transformational learning can occur. This note offers a framework that encourages the deep learning required for transformational change. Specifically, this note argues for a holistic approach that explicitly focuses on the four aspects of being: body, mind, heart, and soul. Learning typically follows one of four modalities: lecture/discussion, physical/recreational, experiential/relational, and reflective/meditative. This note proposes a two-dimensional transformational learning matrix for generating ideas about the kinds of topics, issues, and activities to be considered in a holistic learning approach.

Vincent Chin's first "temporary" job after high school was with the lawn crew of Holiday Lawn Service. Ten years later, Chin has become a trusted employee and the company's second-in-command. His boss, Sam Holiday, has decided to retire and has worked out a deal with Chin to take over the business. In preparing Chin for his new role, Holiday explains that there are important choices ahead related to capital expenditures (like lawn mowers) and their depreciation. Although Chin is determined to build on the company's success, accounting sometimes confused him, and the mention of terms like taxes and cash flow always intimidated him. Can Holiday help his successor better understand the links among accelerated depreciation, maintenance expense, salvage value, and tax liabilities to ensure that he's ready for his new business responsibilities?

While managers of both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations often focus on their area of specific expertise, true success comes only from taking a complete enterprise perspective. Organizations must focus on global, not local, optimization across all functional areas, not just one. In this note, we present a model based on nine interrelated areas that when jointly considered will increase the likelihood of enterprise success. This note presents the 9 Cs Enterprise-Perspective Model, which allows a manager to consider the interactions among various functional areas in making decisions.

This public-sourced case is based on a 2017 blog post by a former Uber employee, Susan Fowler, in which she was brutally honest about the sexual harassment, the sexism, the bro culture, and the failures of HR and in senior management at the ride-share company. All thoughts by and conversations between the characters in this case are entirely fictional, but the events described are drawn from Fowler's post, which went viral within hours of her posting it. Fowler was forced to disable the comment section because there were too many, positive and negative, to keep up with. The accusations hit Uber's management like an earthquake, and the press covered every development. Students are placed directly in the case as Uber's recently hired CHR, within days of a company-wide meeting to discuss the post. They will be expected to sit side-by-side with Ariana Huffington-founder of the Huffington Post and the only woman on Uber's board-and with Uber CEO Travis Kalanick. The meeting was billed as "self-reflective," as being about "clearing the air" and "being honest." This fictional narrative based on a real-life experience offers the opportunity to discuss organizational culture, gender, power, leadership, and difficult conversations with superiors.

This note summarizes some important learnings from the study of behavioral economics of which service organizations should be aware in order to enhance customers' emotional experiences and help direct their decision making-in an ethical manner.

Yi Hua, the leader of an impact-investing initiative at Goldman Sachs, was examining a new financial arrangement in a proposed public-private partnership called the Rikers Island Social Impact Bond (SIB). The proposed SIB was the result of a partnership between Goldman Sachs, the New York City (NYC) Department of Correction, Bloomberg Philanthropies, and three nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)-MDRC, Osborne Association (Osborne), and the Vera Institute of Justice (Vera). The investment that Goldman Sachs was considering would finance the implementation of a cognitive behavioral therapy program for teens (aged 16 through 18) incarcerated at Rikers Island. The goal of the program was to lower the likelihood of those teens returning to jail following their release (i.e., recidivism). If predetermined outcome-based metrics, which focused on lowering recidivism, were reached, the NYC government would repay Goldman Sachs its contributed capital along with a return. The case helps students develop an awareness of the growing innovative financial structure that attracts private capital to finance governmental efforts to address social issues: SIBs. Alongside SIBs, the following related issues could be discussed: financial and social returns, models of investing for social impact, measuring social impact, private-sector financial resources used for public benefit, and private debt vehicles. This case can be used as an introduction to SIBs in an MBA course or in undergraduate electives dedicated to impact investing, public-private partnerships, or other related courses covering the role of business in society. The material can also be used in executive education around issues of cross-sector collaboration to address social issues.

Set in an investment firm, the A case presents the president going through a review process with the firm's portfolio managers. By all accounts, Fred Silverton's financial savvy and skills had had helped the staggering mutual fund company reach success. The case runs through issues and actions directly involving Silverton. Despite Silverton's success, there were some who were alarmed over his approach to human capital. Nonetheless, the president considers Silverton in the race to lead an offering expansion. As the president goes through Silverton's behavior at work, she has to decide if there is a problem or if Silverton is just walking the line but hasn't crossed it. Does Silverton see he has a problem regarding the impact of his behavior on others? The one-page B case has Silverton's former analysts providing examples of his behavior that move way beyond assertiveness, reaching contemptuous and aggressive hostility.

Set in an investment firm, the A case presents the president going through a review process with the firm's portfolio managers. By all accounts, Fred Silverton's financial savvy and skills had had helped the staggering mutual fund company reach success. The case runs through issues and actions directly involving Silverton. Despite Silverton's success, there were some who were alarmed over his approach to human capital. Nonetheless, the president considers Silverton in the race to lead an offering expansion. As the president goes through Silverton's behavior at work, she has to decide if there is a problem or if Silverton is just walking the line but hasn't crossed it. Does Silverton see he has a problem regarding the impact of his behavior on others?

Set in the financial services sector, Jim Flannigan, the recently named head of a European investment banking for a large national bank, struggles to let go of his previous expertise and allow one of several groups that reported to him to do their job without his direct input. While one of Flannigan's chief lieutenants is making a pitch to an important potential client, Flannigan's blood starts to boil as he believes the deal could be lost. The case goes through Flannigan's "take charge" approach to problems and follow-up. The material in this case works well for those who have used the John Wolford case (UVA-OB-0167) and want to focus more on the fit between skills and level in the organization, developing self and others, and becoming interdependent (as opposed to do it all oneself) than work-life issues (although the case could include that discussion as well).

The case examines interest rate risk management at a U.S. utility company, Dominion Gas Holdings. In November 2012, as part of its new financing plan, it wanted to hedge the interest rate risk involved with the company's 2013 planned issuance of $1 billion in debt. While the coupon rates for the planned debt were unknown as of November 2012, the company wanted to lock in its financing costs one year ahead since interest rates were at historically low levels. The company was considering entering into a number of forward-starting interest rate swaps. The use of forward-starting interest rate swaps as a pre-issuance hedging tool could cause some accounting and regulatory risks, and some other utility companies chose not to hedge at all. A bank had approached Dominion Gas with an indicative quote for the forward-starting swap, and the Treasurer had to decide whether it was a fair rate. This case has been used in a first-year MBA class that focused on valuation of financial markets, and a more advanced second-year elective that focused on derivative securities.

The strategic and tactical problems of managing the operations function in a service environment can be examined through the context of the Walt Disney Company (DIS) opening Shanghai Disneyland. The company and its investors were excited about the Shanghai opening for a good reason: demographics. The resort would be located in the Pudong district of Shanghai, easily the wealthiest of all of China's districts. A massive 330 million people lived with a three-hour driving radius of the resort site, compared with 19.6 million who lived within the same radius at DIS's most profitable park, Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida. Still, risks remained. Construction complications had delayed the opening almost a year longer than expected and cost overruns and alterations had increased the final price tag of the project. The Chinese economy had also hit a rough patch following the Chinese stock market slump in the summer of 2015. With the world watching, could the classic Disney theme park experience be delivered with the right cultural balance to appeal to its largely Chinese customers? Could DIS get it right?

The treasurer for Dominion Resources Inc. (Dominion), a major U.S. diversified producer and distributor of energy, was heading to meet with the company's investment bankers to discuss the impact of a large project upon Dominion's financing strategy for the next five years. The Cove Point liquefied natural gas (LNG) project would require $3.6 billion to build and represented one of the largest single capital investments in the company's 100-plus year history.

In an effort to save his business, Paul Marciano, the owner of Italian family restaurant Maria's Ristorante, runs a number of experiments focused on improving the customer experience around his target customer segment. These experiments lead to a better understanding about his business and cause him to make specific changes to his business model that ultimately improve things across the board. The experiments are based on research from the academic literature on the use of behavioral variables to manage customer perceptions.

This case examines the queueing issues caused by the growth in popularity of one of the most visited Hindu temples in the world. On January 2, 2015, Ramesh and Vasantha Gupta visit Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, just a day after some 210,000 people crowded the 2,000-year-old site. The case describes the many enhancements that the temple administrator, Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD), has implemented since its management of the temple complex began in 1932. The soaring popularity of the temple, however, has led to safety and comfort concerns for pilgrims. While challenging students to consider additional improvements that might benefit pilgrim throughput rate and time in the temple system, the case highlights the tension TTD must manage between maximizing efficiency and maintaining religious traditions. Additionally, the case demonstrates the importance of perceived waiting times in the management of queues.