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Dr. Michael Lehman was the newly appointed external chairman of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (the department) at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry. He had been brought in specifically to address the consistent underperformance of the department. Department members had divided into two camps - clinical teaching and research - and open conflict existed between members with the result that the clinical anatomy division was considering leaving the faculty. Another area of concern involved the declining research output by the cell biology division; many research programs had stalled, resulting in the loss of external funding. Lehman wondered how to balance competing interests and incentives with his five-year plan. His overall strategy was three-fold: keep the department together; enable faculty to generate scholarly research; and rejuvenate research activities. From a change-management perspective, Lehman wanted to identify his key challenges and develop a plan of action for each issue. He thought about how to implement change in his new department.

Dexter Nelson recently accepted a summer analyst position at PPC Consulting (PPC) in Toronto, and was excited to take on the challenge in a high-performance organization. It had only been a few days since he had started his internship when the rest of Dexter Nelson's team left to conduct primary research at a client site. Left alone to work on his first real project, he began to feel overwhelmed. Having recognized the project as a new product launch, Nelson wanted to identify key elements to address in the financial model. He also wanted to identify a series of actions to make a significant contribution not only to the client, but his team. He began to approach his task by identifying his problem and decision to be made, using an importance-urgency matrix and developing and analyzing appropriate alternatives.

This case analysis traces the establishment and subsequent operation of FIJI Water LLC and its bottling subsidiary, Natural Waters of Viti Limited, the first company in Fiji extracting, bottling and marketing, both domestically and internationally, artesian water coming from a virgin ecosystem found on Fiji's main island of Viti Levu. The case reviews the growth and market expansion of this highly successful company with the brand name FIJI Natural Artesian Water (FIJI Water). The company has grown rapidly over the past decade and a half, and now exports bottled water into many countries in the world from its production plant located in the Fiji Islands. In 2008, FIJI Water was the leading imported bottled water brand in the United States. In the context of great marketing success of the FIJI brand, particularly in the U.S. market, the case focuses on how the company has responded to a number of corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues, including measuring and reducing its carbon footprint, responsibilities to key stakeholders, and concerns of the Fiji government with regard to taxation and transfer pricing issues. The case provides a compelling illustration of how CSR challenges may jeopardize the sustainability of a clever marketing strategy.

In June 2008, the chief executive officer of Talisman Energy Inc. (Talisman) and his senior executive team met with the company's board of directors. The purpose of this meeting was to debate Talisman's proposed entry into the oil-rich Kurdistan region of Iraq. This move was potentially very lucrative for Talisman but was fraught with risks. These risks were exacerbated by Talisman's previous foray into Sudan; during that expansion Talisman had been accused of complicity in human-rights abuses, stemming from industry-accepted royalties and fees it had paid to the government. This payment of fees was held as an example by public interest groups to allege that Talisman was indirectly funding the Sudanese civil war. Talisman's reputation had suffered to the point where the ire of investors and U.S. and Canadian governments was sufficient for Talisman to exit Sudan in 2003. There were many questions about the proposed move to Iraq, including the political situation, the views of the U.S. and Canadian government, and especially the US$220 million fee payable to the Kurdistan Regional Government. Should Talisman enter Iraq, and if so, could they avoid experiencing the same outcome as Sudan?

A German expatriate had moved to China in 2005 to take up a merchandizing position at the Wal-Mart China headquarters in Shenzen. By 2008 he had been promoted to the new position of senior director for sustainability for Wal-Mart China (retail) and Global Procurement. His new position required that he lead the rapidly-approaching inaugural Wal-Mart Sustainability Summit. The senior director must ensure that Wal-Mart China's five Strategic Value Networks (SVNs), which were tasked with leading sustainability change within the organization, continued to engage stakeholders by implementing innovative solutions that not only cut costs but also lead to more sustainable operations. The case describes Wal-Mart China's operations (including purchasing, distribution and retail) in the context of the company's desire to improve sustainability in a manner appropriate to China. The immediate issue is to identify opportunities to improve the sustainability of Wal-Mart China's distribution systems and retail operations.

The author combines his nine years' experience as the CEO of Procter & Gamble with the last writings of the management scholar Peter Drucker to answer the question "What is the work of the CEO?" The chief executive, Lafley says, is held singularly accountable for the performance and results of the company-according not just to its own goals but also to those of diverse and often competing external stakeholders. In other words, he or she is responsible for linking the outside to the inside-a job that consists of four fundamental tasks. Defining the meaningful outside. At P&G this means emphasizing that the consumer is boss. The company has also worked to change what had been win-lose negotiations into win-win partnerships with retail customers and suppliers. Deciding what business you are in (or not in). After a thorough analysis of its strengths, current competitive position, and structural conditions, P&G chose to grow from its core-laundry products, baby diapers, feminine care, and hair care-and also to focus more on low-income consumers and developing markets, where sales have grown from 21% to 31% of the total since 2000. The company has exited food and beverages and is selling its pharmaceutical business. Where to compete and where not to compete remain ongoing questions. Balancing present and future. P&G defines realistic growth targets and uses a flexible budgeting process with complementary short-term, midterm, and long-term goals. Shaping values and standards. The CEO must interpret the organization's values in the context of change and competition and define the standards that will guide decisions. Trust at P&G had come to mean that employees could rely on the company for lifetime jobs. Lafley redefined it as consumers' trust in the company's brands and shareholders' trust in its value as a long-term investment.

This article explains the utility of adopting an identity-based view of the corporation, which underpins a diagnostic tool of identity management outlined in this article. Using British Airways as an extensive case history, it examines and analyzes how British Airways' senior executives have intuitively adopted an identity-based perspective as part of the strategic management of the carrier. The analysis is corroborated by insights from the former CEO of British Airways, Lord Marshall, as well as his predecessor, Lord King. The overriding message is that calibrating the multiple identities of the corporation is a critical dimension of strategic management.

Part 1 of the case provides a detailed description of the situation before the start of the project at PT. It enables students to diagnose problems, identify opportunities, propose solutions, and support those proposals by referring to the relevant theory from economics, strategy and negotiation analysis. Part 2 describes the actions taken by PT, their impact on a number of operational measures (cost, time to market, etc.) as well as the rationale that supports those steps. The teaching note provides a teaching plan and draws the links with the relevant theoretical material from the fields of Economics, Strategy and Negotiation Analysis.

Part 1 of the case provides a detailed description of the situation before the start of the project at PT. It enables students to diagnose problems, identify opportunities, propose solutions, and support those proposals by referring to the relevant theory from economics, strategy and negotiation analysis. Part 2 describes the actions taken by PT, their impact on a number of operational measures (cost, time to market, etc.) as well as the rationale that supports those steps. The teaching note provides a teaching plan and draws the links with the relevant theoretical material from the fields of Economics, Strategy and Negotiation Analysis.

Case A describes how Rodrigo Baggio in 1995 developed the first computer and citizen schools in Brazil to address the problem of digital exclusion. By 2005 the CDI network included almost 1,000 schools throughout Latin America. However, with the rapid growth came quality control problems and organisational complexities. In addition there was increasing competition from the government and from the private sector. Rodrigo and his team needed to re-assess the positioning of CDI while grappling with the complexities of managing a large network-based organisation. Case (B) continues CDI's story and presents the challenges that Rodrigo and his team faced in 2008 and are still dealing with at present. There are now 80,000 privately run cybercafés and 6,000 government Telecentros in Brazil. The CDI team needs to develop new mechanisms for improving the sustainability of the CDI network and empowering the network members. They also need to rethink CDI's added value to society in the context of an increasingly crowded market with competing solutions.

Effective, persuasive analytical writing is a critical management skill. This note trains students to write to the needs and expectations of their readers with objectivity and efficiency, whether they are writing memos, e-mails, research reports, technical briefings, position papers, or recommendations for action.

The multi-million dollar technology licensing agreement was in danger of falling apart. It was late September 2001; some months previously, The University of Western Ontario's (UWO's) Industry Liaison Office had signed a conditional agreement with a major pharmaceutical company operating throughout the People's Republic of China (PRC). The agreement permitted the company to utilize specific technology developed at UWO in health products to be marketed throughout the PRC. The agreement was conditional upon ratification being signed not later than October 31, 2001 - but, within that period, terrorists attacked the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. In the months immediately following September 11, 2001, the appetite of the PRC for buying Western technology had greatly diminished, and the PRC Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Development continued to delay ratification of the agreement. UWO's legal counsel, Peter Ross, was asked by his university to lay out the framework and possible alternative courses of action within which a decision could be made as to what the university could do in this situation. The learning objectives of the case are: 1) to become aware of the forms of intellectual property (IP) that can be involved in international cooperation, the potential difficulties and risks involved in sharing IP, the types of agreements that can be drawn up to minimize the risks, and the legal frameworks within which disagreements can be resolved 2) to become aware of how different partner countries respect or allegedly disregard rights to IP and commercial transactions generally 3) to develop strategies for coping in this environment.

This case describes the efforts of the management team at Tomasso Corporation, located in Montreal, Quebec, to manage various economic and personnel issues during the economic downturn of 2001. As the situation at Tomasso worsened, the president wondered how to turn the company around. The management team wondered if there was a way to balance the human and economic issues by adhering to a theory that the chief executive officer had developed over 10 years.

This note gives step-by-step instructions on how to build a Monte Carlo simulation model in Microsoft Excel without using spreadsheet add-ins. The note explains the difference between "random" and "uniformly distributed." The note also explains: how the Excel function RAND() works, how to use Excel functions like NORMINV() to simulate random numbers from distributions other than the uniform; how to use VLOOKUP() with tabulated data to simulate numbers from any arbitrary distribution, and how to use Data Tables to produce multiple iterations of a simulation model. The note concludes with an example that illustrates the use of all of these concepts.

This two-class case series allows students to stand in the shoes of CEO Ray Gilmartin during the unfolding stages of a reputational crisis. Merck's mission statement claims to "put patients first," but the company is widely criticized for putting profit before patient safety. The (A) case describes the discovery of Vioxx, a new arthritis drug, and asks students to calculate the drug's lifetime expected value. Supplements are handed out in class as the story unfolds: (B) evidence of life-threatening side effects, (C) decision options, (D) announcement to withdraw Vioxx, (E) reaction by patients, shareholders, media, and regulators, (F) Merck fights back, and (G) wrap-up. At the end of the case series, students may conclude that doing the right thing sometimes requires very hard choices.