In 2023, Puthran & Associates, an all-women intellectual property law firm in India, was grappling with challenges in employee retention as women employees resigned or relocated due to family commitments. Elizabeth Puthran, the firm’s founder–partner, believed strongly in her founding policy decision that P&A be an all-women team of lawyers and attorneys. Yet with the increasing departures of its employees, the firm needed to balance maintaining a women-centric workplace with ensuring operational stability and growth. While Puthran’s authentic leadership style emphasized inclusivity and talent development, she needed to consider potential policy adjustments to improve retention and employee satisfaction.
This case encapsulates the challenges faced by Jegan Damodaraswamy in extending the core competency of quality and customer service for the renowned Hotel Annapoorna, in Coimbatore, India. In addition, he had to figure out how to overcome the hurdles after his grandfather’s death and retain the organization’s legacy. Damodaraswamy was a third-generation entrepreneur who took over the business as chief executive officer in 2023. Since taking over, he has introduced many changes and instilled business ethics in the organization. The organization bloomed under his leadership. However, COVID-19 caused a slump in the organization. They were unable to employ a full staff, and sales plunged drastically. How would Annapoorna rebuild its brand and reposition itself? Would Damodaraswamy re-envision his grandfather’s aspirations and strengthen the brand value? Should he drive toward transforming the organization and redefining its vision? The case illustrates change management in an organization and the trade-off between expanding a sustainably profitable core competency and growth to its other verticals.
Jim Collins, executive director of Harvest Hands, was very active in the day-to-day operations of Harvest Hands, but he also bore the responsibility for planning for the future of the registered charity. Jim together with his wife, Jacintha Collins, founded Harvest Hands in 2020 in St. Thomas, Ontario. In less than three years, their charity had distributed over $7.6 million in rescued food to food banks, missions, and over 120 local agencies. An impressive accomplishment for a volunteer-run charity. Their policy of “We never say no” was quickly pushing the capacity limits of the organization and Jim needed to consider the options for expanding Harvest Hands to keep up with both growing demand and supply.
In March 2023, the founders of the Strategic Human Resource Leadership Journey were reviewing the program’s great success across India since its launch in 2004. The initiative was intended to develop and prepare India’s HR leaders for the future. With a strategic business focus, it instilled enduring personal and professional transformations in the program’s participants. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 induced unprecedented changes for the program and across the world. The result was a shift toward a mix of physical and digital offerings, referred to as a “phygital” context. The program’s architects recognized that there was a compelling need to modify the design of the initiative. In 2021–22, they offered a three-phase hybrid model that aimed to capture the best of both the physical and digital formats. However, participants lamented the lack of emotional connection and opportunities to develop deep relationships. How could the program leverage the new technology of the “phygital” world but sustain the emotional quality of the in-person residential format?
Zibusiso Mkhwanazi, chief executive officer of Avatar South Africa, looked out of his office window in Johannesburg. Mkhwanazi was contemplating whether he should stay at Avatar or move on to new things. This question was triggered by a media briefing that South Africa’s Minister of Health had just given in which he outlined the rollout for the COVID-19 vaccine. Avatar had been directly involved with the communication strategies the president of South Africa and the Ministry of Health used to reach the majority of the population in a country in which access to the internet was not equal. The work had been innovative, challenging, and a matter of life and death. Mkhwanazi had enjoyed and thrived on the work, and felt it had been the outstanding achievement of his career. Mkhwanazi had never stayed in a job when the job had stopped challenging him. He started his career when computer technology was disrupting the way organizations worked and communicated. Initially, he was motivated by money. However, he had achieved his goals and now had different motivations. At Avatar, he had helped develop a culture through faith-driven leadership, but Avatar no longer gave him the joy and fulfilment of working on the cutting edge of technology. His dilemma was whether he should stay at Avatar with the people he had come to love and care about, or leave to find something that would satisfy his passion for innovative and creative work.
In February 2007, Diego Papalia, founder and owner of Ottawa Pianos, was getting ready to meet with his daughter, Carmen, to discuss the strategic future of the company. Five years prior, the father–daughter duo had started separate projects within the business. Diego had launched the digital music centre and Carmen had started a piano school, with a plan to reassess which might be the more lucrative endeavour in five years’ time. The DMC sold guitars, amplifiers, drum kits, and various other electronic musical equipment; however, there was a high turnover requirement as music technology was constantly evolving. Carmen’s piano school had grown to over a dozen instructors and 300 students. The downside was that it took up a lot of space— in this case, the entire basement that could otherwise be used for stock storage—and yielded low profit margins. Diego and Carmen had to decide which of the two projects to retain.
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Ganesh Thummer, chief executive officer of Friday Engineering, faced a daunting challenge. Friday Engineering, which is a multinational manufacturer of medical devices, had recently partnered with a European firm. But the Indian and European teams, collaborating for the first time, were encountering significant conflict. Thummer decided to intervene but was facing resistance from his Indian office staff who wanted to maintain their traditional practices and beliefs. Thummer had to figure out how to bring the teams together while respecting the values of both teams, encouraging collaborative efforts, and providing inclusive leadership to foster a harmonious and motivated workforce.
The Indian Institute of Technology started with two locations in 1958 and eventually grew into an educational network with over 23 institutions across India. Graduate and Ph.D. students were the torchbearers in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, on February 12, 2023, an 18-year-old student from the Scheduled Caste community committed suicide at the student hostel for Indian Institute of Technology Bombay students. His death spurred students and social organizations to advocate for justice. Exclusion based on caste injured their well-being and had a direct involvement in leading individuals to undertake the extreme step of suicide, which raised a question about the role that higher education institutions such as Indian Institute of Technology played in fostering a culture of inclusivity among key stakeholders: students, faculty, and administrators. Could an educational institution uphold its tradition of excellence in education while fostering an inclusive environment for students from marginalized backgrounds? How did caste-based bias create a challenge for an institution that hoped to build an inclusive culture to support learning and well-being for all students?
In 2022, the SEEMA Center for Training and Protection of Women and Children’s Rights, a non-profit organization in Khartoum, Sudan, was focused on eradicating the practice of female genital mutilation. The organization was facing cultural, educational, and political challenges in Sudan, as well as tensions from decades of civil unrest, which created barriers for the founder’s fight to eradicate FGM. Her work was also greatly challenged by the deep cultural roots of the practice that existed within the country and in the surrounding regions. Female genital mutilation was a traditional ritual that generated a culture of illegal procedures and groups of extremists. These groups countered the work of the organization and made the founder’s job all the more difficult. She had to find effective strategies and partnerships to help her achieve her organization’s goal of eradicating female genital mutilation.
V-shesh Learning Services Private Limited (v-shesh), an enterprise recognized for its social impact, had been dedicated to promoting disability inclusion since its founding in 2009. Established by two college friends, v-shesh aimed to bridge the gap between persons with disabilities (PWD)/disadvantaged youth and organizations that viewed inclusion as an opportunity. The company’s very dynamic staff and robust processes and activities were dedicated to achieving its goals concerning the employment of PWD. Some of the challenges PWD faced included limited access to assistive technology, a lack of clarity regarding the specific interview processes employers had adopted for PWD, and negative attitudes and biases held by nondisabled individuals.
The case describes the journey of Associated Capsules Group World (ACG World) in implementing initiatives to bring about diversity and inclusion (D&I) within the organization. Nikita Panchal, global head of talent and organizational development at ACG World, was given the responsibility for improving D&I in 2020. She began with a vision of bringing about a change where inclusion would become the norm instead of a stand-alone activity. The case elaborates on ACG World’s D&I journey within a male-dominated manufacturing industry. It outlines the key initiatives that were implemented, which stemmed from the formation of five workstreams: community; capability building; processes and policies; associate life cycle; and communication. The case allows for a critical review of ACG World’s journey and considers ways to build a strong case for D&I to bring on board senior leaders.
The director of Yashashvi Rasayan Pvt. Ltd. (YRPL) was satisfied with the plant’s productivity for the financial year 2022–23. Part of the Yash Group, a reputable family-based chemical manufacturer in India since the 1950s, YRPL had exceeded the threshold capacity of 333 metric tons over the last four months, positively affecting the profit and loss statement. Despite this success, the director remained concerned about the safety culture and people-related issues within the organization. After a successful business transformation initiated two years ago, the director pondered whether the success was due to incremental improvement efforts or to the principles of organizational development (OD). He congratulated the leadership team and asked the head of leadership and OD to arrange a meeting with key stakeholders to discuss the next phase of transformation.
PeriFerry is a pioneering social enterprise working toward creating sustainable livelihood opportunities and inclusive workplaces for transgender persons in India. Originally located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, PeriFerry has upskilled 320 transgender persons and sensitized more than 30,000 employees about their inclusion in the workplace. PeriFerry’s founder and chief executive officer, Neelam Jain, does not believe in an extravagant showcase of effort. Instead, since she founded PeriFerry in 2017, her approach was that when transgender persons wished to transform their lives, they could locate and reach out to PeriFerry via the internet and various social media platforms like LinkedIn, X, Facebook, or Instagram or meet on-ground community representatives. But Jain is looking forward to PeriFerry’s next five years and contemplating whether this approach will be relevant to scale social impact. Alternatively, Jain is considering adopting a proactive stance in reaching out to transgender people. This could involve extending its geographical coverage to include other cities in India and introducing a diverse range of services to provide holistic support for transgender persons. The new approach will allow PeriFerry to scale wide by reaching out to more trans people who are dispersed in various geographical locations in India who find it difficult to locate PeriFerry due to a lack of technological amenities. But Jain would also have to figure out the resources and capabilities required to scale its social impact. Jain must determine which strategy PeriFerry should pursue in the next 2-3 years.
We frequently engage in actions that facilitate the formation of new social connections, both in our personal and professional lives, and we say that having a strong network is important for success, but we do not really think about what that means. What qualities does a useful network have? How can someone build a stronger network? The purpose of the Social Network Inventory exercise is to help students think about these issues by guiding them through a network “health” check to identify their network’s strengths, weaknesses, approaches, and gaps.
On the morning of November 25, 2021, the general manager of the Renaissance Suzhou Hotel received a call from the administrative committee of a nearby business district informing him that some guests who had stayed at the hotel a few days earlier had been diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019. The administrator requested that the hotel cooperate with the government in carrying out an urgent epidemiological investigation and implementing a closed-loop operation for emergency treatment. It was Thanksgiving day and the hotel was almost fully occupied. How would the general manger and his team address this challenge?
Montecarlo Limited (MCL), a 25-year-old infrastructure and construction company in India, had invested in building effective human resources (HR) processes and a better employee experience. While it was unconventional for companies in this industry, whose outlook generally favoured production and profitability, to focus on these issues, MCL had endeavoured to create not only an effective training function, but also a culture of learning and development that empowered its employees to become better professionals and individuals. Given the nature of the industry, such efforts posed challenges in understanding and implementation. In January 2021, the company’s senior vice-president of HR wondered both how this focus on employees would help MCL and whether the company should continue to invest in its people and in building a culture of learning. If it did continue, how could it adjust its training process to make the learning and development process more effective?
On February 10, 2023, Toronto mayor John Tory stunned the city by holding an evening press conference to announce his resignation. Tory admitted to having an inappropriate relationship with a junior staff member in his office. While Toronto city council scrambled to deal with the fallout of Tory’s abrupt announcement, public opinion about it was deeply divided. From politicians to pundits to the general public, it seemed everyone had something to say about Tory stepping down as mayor and the reason why he did so. In the absence of clear rules and regulations, what should Tory have done? Was his resignation, as some said, too hasty? Or was he correct to step down?
In 2023, Vasudha Rai had positioned herself as a brand in the health, wellness, and beauty market in India, with a cumulative 92,000 followers across platforms. To strengthen her personal brand moving forward, she conducted a brand audit. Basedon the results of the audit, she had to make a choice about where she should she invest her resources. She had multiple options to consider. She could (1) stick to her present plan of utilizing every platform available, (2) concentrate on one platform and make the most of its features, or (3) work on a smaller, select combination of platforms going forward. What would help her reach her goal of becoming a key opinion leader in this market?
In November 2016, the chief executive officer of Credit Union Central of Manitoba was reading the report Credit Union Wealth Management Strategic Option Assessment, which he had commissioned several months earlier. He saw the report as the best and potentially last chance to fix a long-standing problem in the Canadian credit union sector, which comprised democratically-controlled, member-owned financial co-operatives that were sometimes referred to as “people’s banks.” Credit unions had been struggling to advance in the wealth management industry and compete effectively against Canada’s “Big Five” banks. The report set out three strategic options that looked promising. However, experience had shown that nothing was simple in the credit union industry, where disagreements were common among opposing groups such as big versus small, rural versus urban, French versus English, and liberal versus conservative credit unions.