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FHP Wireless develops and sells Wi-Fi networking hardware with value-added software to create "wireless meshes," the technology that makes metro-scale Wi-Fi coverage possible. A wireless mesh connects many wireless routers together in a network that reduces backhaul (the connection between a particular network and the internet) costs by an order of magnitude over alternative metro-scale solutions. Follows the founders through the development of the FHP product, financing, and the company's early attempts to bring its product to market. Concludes as the company faces several strategic alternatives to addressing its unexpectedly slow revenue ramp. The company must choose between several target markets, and the decision is complicated by a declining cash balance and a new investor.

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Involves the copyright issues associated with Bram Cohen's revolutionary program BitTorrent, which makes it possible to transfer very large files, such as movies, at a high speed over the Internet. The program, which is available for free over the Internet, is used for peer-to-peer sharing of movies and music and for the legitimate distribution of licensed software, including games. Discusses Warner Bros.' online distribution strategy as well as the negotiations between BitTorrent and the Movie Picture Association of America and Warner Bros. that ultimately led to Warner Bros.' agreement to make BitTorrent its first authorized peer-to-peer film distributor.

Patrimonio Hoy, a program targeting the housing needs of low-income families launched by CEMEX, a major Mexican corporation and a leading global cement company, has gone from a market research project to a highly visible initiative in 22 cities and has earned public recognition. The president of Cemex North America must decide whether it is corporate social responsibility or a new business line. In the process, it allows analysis of the Patrimonio Hoy program versus the traditional alternatives from the perspectives of both the end-user and of the corporation.

This case illustrates the process and challenges of designing a new product and then making it a reality. It examines a myriad of product development, manufacturing and launch challenges confronting entrepreneurs with resource constraints. It does this from two perspectives: that of a product designer and that of an entrepreneur and business owner. Thus, the issues are both creative and practical.

Chronicles entrepreneur Lisa Conte's two ventures, Shaman Pharmaceuticals and Napo Pharmaceuticals. Shaman was formed to make drug discovery and development more efficient by studying traditional, indigenous healers in the tropics. Shaman had identified a promising compound that came to be known as crofelemer. For a variety of complex reasons, Shaman declared bankruptcy, and Napo, Conte's new company established specifically for this purpose, bought Shaman's library of compounds, including crofelemer. At the time of the case study, Napo was developing the compound for sale in large western markets while arranging an innovative public-private partnership to develop and distribute crofelemer in the developing world. In developing countries, the compound would treat diarrhea, which kills over 2.5 million children every year. However, the public-private partnership proved difficult to arrange. Concludes with Conte deciding whether to proceed with the partnership that would not only save the lives of children, but also provide much-needed capital to keep Napo in business. Highlights the difficulties of establishing partnerships across sectors and pursuing complex negotiations within the complicated market and regulatory environment associated with the pharmaceuticals industry.

Charts the development of outsourcing service provider ExlService. Founded by Indian nationals Vikram Talwar and Rohit Kapoor, the firm has moved through several phases of evolution. At the conclusion of the case, the company is offering highly sophisticated outsourcing solutions to manage complex processes for insurance and financial services companies. Throughout ExlService's history, it constantly faces pressures to revise and redefine its service offerings (as outsourced services become commoditized) and retain its well-trained workers (who are highly sought after in India). Chronicles the connections between the firm's investors and the company's strategy and competencies.

EndoNav developed an innovative medical device to make colonoscopy procedures easier and faster to perform and less painful to receive. Despite of excellent technology, IP protection, a reasonably large market, and relatively low regulatory risk, the founder (Jaime Vargas) and his business partner (Kenneth Kelley, GSB MBA, 1987) are unable to secure venture funding. The company eventually decides that it must adapt its product and business plan so that it can be funded on a smaller scale by angel investors.

The case chronicles the development of Lumni, Inc., an international start-up offering innovative mechanisms for financing higher education. It focuses on: the details of decision making required to transform an idea into a viable business; building partnerships; the challenge associated with raising venture capital; and the challenges of creating a new market where human capital can be traded to finance higher education.

Eat2Eat.com was an Internet-based restaurant reservation service covering a dozen cities in the Asia Pacific region. It was the principal business of Singapore-based Eat2Eat Pte Ltd. It was launched in 2000 by an entrepreneur and former investment banker with US$1 million of his own capital. He quickly established the capabilities and business model, but after five years, the registered user base remained relatively small at about 12,000. He thought the next step for the company was to expand that user base and hoped that the company could change the way people made plans to eat out. Resources - specifically, time and money - were limited, so any promotional efforts would have to be innovative and efficient. The case focuses on entrepreneurial marketing with sub-themes of financing and small enterprise management. It is a story of an entrepreneur who had an idea and enough money to launch it, but then struggles to achieve adequate scale.

Describes the role of a leading Indian business leader in the campaign for independence before 1947 and his close relationship with the legendary Mahatma Gandhi. Provides the opportunity to consider the impact of colonialism on shaping Indian entrepreneurship and the role of the small Marwari group, originally from the Marwar region of Rajasthan, in creating many of India's leading business houses, including the Bajaj. The Bajaj, like other Marwari, were traders who after World War I transitioned into manufacturing, including sugar manufacturing and steel rolling.

Reviews the principal ways in which the owners of a family business achieve their governance objectives of a suitable identity and sensible direction and the discipline to achieve these. Covers the responsibilities and rights of owners, plus governance procedures, plans, policies, statements, rules, agreements, and structure.

Reviews the ways to achieve governance of the family business. Points out the importance of plans (e.g., strategic plans), statements (e.g., mission statements), policies, rules, and agreements to the governance process. Discusses the roles of three structures in family business governance: the top management team, the family employee council, and the board of directors.

Explores the globalization strategies of Natura, Brazil's largest cosmetics company. Founded in 1969, Natura grew using a direct selling model. Led by its three founders, the firm made distinctive use of Brazil's diversity and became characterized by high ethical and environmental standards. Natura began to seek international markets in 1982, but experienced many setbacks until surviving the economic crisis in Argentina in 2001. The company opened operations in France and Mexico in 2005, and the three founders are now exploring opportunities in Moscow. To pursue further globalization, Natura must now decide whether to continue to rely primarily on the direct sales model or to experiment with other models--and whether to make acquisitions or become part of a larger group.

Eat2Eat.com was an Internet-based restaurant reservation service covering a dozen cities in the Asia Pacific region. The principal business of Singapore-based Eat2Eat Pte Ltd., it was launched in 2000 by an entrepreneur and former investment banker with US$1 million of his own capital. He quickly established the capabilities and business model, but after five years the registered user base remained relatively small at about 12,000. He thought the next step for the company was to expand that user base and hoped that the company could change the way people made plans to eat out. Resources--specifically, time and money--were limited, so any promotional efforts would have to be innovative and efficient. Focuses on entrepreneurial marketing with sub-themes of financing and small enterprise management as it tells the story of an entrepreneur who had an idea and enough money to launch it, but then struggled to achieve adequate scale.

Reviews the purposes and ingredients in the governance (or steering) of a family business system. Explores at a high level the governance of the family business, its owners, and the family. Focuses on how these governance structures, processes, plans, and agreements interact.

Explains the purposes, processes, standards, plans, and agreements that together help to govern (or steer) a family that owns a family business.

This technical note discusses the practice of angel investing, particularly its meaning and suitability to emerging markets. Adapted from a chapter in An Executive Briefing on Angel Investing in Latin America (Batten Institute), this note focuses on business in Latin America, but the discussion and the relationships discussed are relevant and perfectly suitable to discussions of early-stage finance and entrepreneurship in all emerging economies. Additionally, the note explores the role of angel investors and venture capitalists on entrepreneurial activity and economic development.

Examines the extent of and challenges facing female entrepreneurs in developing countries. There are higher rates of female entrepreneurship in developing countries than developed countries, but necessity is often the main driver in lower income countries. Explores the challenges facing women arising from societal inequality, including lack of educational provision, and difficulties in securing funding.

Supplement to case UV1296 Jeweler Peter Reines was intrigued by the diamond ring that had been dropped off by Ashley Gibson for his inspection. The center diamond was certainly more than three carats, the cut was old European, and the setting was exquisite. A friend with an impressive collection of antique jewelry, who came by the store, offered $30,000 for the ring. That offer translated into a maximum price to Gibson of $27,500 if she were interested in selling it.