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This is a supplement to Convocation at the National Institute of Management's Central India Campus (A), 9B13D003.

Recorded Future is a "big data" startup company that uses Internet data to make predictions about events, people, and entities. The company primarily serves government intelligence agencies, but has some private sector clients and is considering taking on more. The CEO, Christopher Ahlberg, is wrestling with several key decisions about where to take the company in the future.

Senior managers at the LEGO Group are faced with a quandary: Should they patent inventions coming out of their manufacturing process development work, should they keep them as trade secrets, or should they publish them so that they would go into the public domain and nobody else could patent them? They wish to preserve their freedom to practice, but they are very concerned about competitors' ability to benefit from LEGO Group's R&D investments or alternately interfere with its freedom to operate.

"This case focuses on production and inventory management at Synthite, an oleoresin manufacturer in Kerala, India. It discusses the problems the company faced in the production of pepper oleoresin, one of its flagship products, and traces the problems to Synthite's make-to-stock (MTS) production strategy, inventory management practices and several material flow practices at the plant. Synthite, established in 1972, had grown to become the largest exporter of spice oleoresins from India, with a 35% share in the global oleoresin business. Yet, the company faced several challenges in inventory management, production planning, and ultimately, in meeting customer expectations on order lead times. Driven by uncertain demand, their ad-hoc finished goods stocking strategy came to naught. Manual transfers of materials in the plant resulted in the waste of resources labour, plant capacity and materials. Extended quality tests on a single order blocked 30% to 50% of production capacity for extended periods. The case provides quantitative data to analyze Synthite's inventory management, material flow and order lead times, and outlines the company's approach to addressing the challenges it faced. Synthite eventually decided to invest in additional production capacity and automated material flow at the plant. It also put into practice the concept of a "motherbatch," the essence of which was to stock semi-finished goods (SFGs) instead of finished goods (FGs). "

Manish Bhardwaj, co-founder of Innovators in Health, is contemplating setting up Aahan, a community based tuberculosis (TB) control program in rural India. The case describes TB diagnosis and treatment in the public and private healthcare sectors in India and the attendant challenges. A number of candidate interventions aimed at improving the existing system of healthcare delivery are presented at the end of the case, each one of which could form the core of Aahan. Students are encouraged to use operations management principles to quantify the potential public health benefits and costs of these interventions and prioritize them accordingly. Key concepts include process flow mapping, flow balance, Little's Law and selection of appropriate process measures based on the strategic objective of the process.

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In late 2012 Adeline Herzog Memorial Hospital in Castle Rock, Colorado, was facing a problem with patient satisfaction. The Press-Ganey scores for the third-floor nursing unit-the primary destination (70 percent) for patients admitted through the emergency department-were at the 15th percentile, and the key HCAHPS score for inpatients was well below the Colorado average. Over the past six months Jeri Tinsley, director of medical, surgical, and intensive care services, had made various changes to try to improve the patient satisfaction scores for her 32-bed unit, but the scores seemed stuck at an unacceptably low level. Tinsley worried that if improvements were not made soon, patients would start "voting with their feet" and take their business to competing hospitals. As a registered nurse, Tinsley's expertise was helping people heal; it was not analyzing data. In particular, she was overwhelmed by the patient comments included in the surveys; she had no idea how to analyze them and could not decide which issues to address first.

Samsung Electronics had experienced a series of quality-related problems, including the recall of one of its LCD TV models. Unfortunately for quality director Kevin Sarni, there was no single root cause behind these problems: Samsung's supply chain management, product design, and testing/quality assurance functions all played a role. Sarni regularly worked with quantitative data from Samsung's customer complaint database, but recently he had been shown comments about Samsung products posted on the website ConsumerAffairs.com. The number and emotional tone of the website postings concerned him; he worried these kinds of complaints might touch off a social media-fueled public relations firestorm that would make his job more difficult. He wanted to analyze this feedback, but had no experience with qualitative data. An internal Six Sigma Black Belt consultant suggested he start by creating an affinity diagram and use that to create a Pareto chart to determine which issues to address first. Once Sarni completed the unfamiliar diagrams he had still another task ahead of him: examining the results to see if they justified taking short-term action to address the quality problems raised in the complaints.

Chris Summers, VP of Supply Chain Management at the oil field services company Elevalt, is engaged in an analysis of his globally dispersed distribution centers (DCs). He must evaluate Elevalt's network of DCs throughout Europe, Africa, and the Middle East to see whether it would be beneficial to consolidate the current network of six DCs to a single centralized DC in either Europe or Africa. Before this decision can be made, he must first optimize the current operation, which appears to suffer from inefficient inventory management. The inefficient inventory management also seems to be driving additional transportation costs. Summers must consider the benefits and risks associated with consolidating Elevalt's DCs while still maintaining his focus on the needs of Elevalt's customers.

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An Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. The book opens with an introduction to the concept of supply chain management. Core terminology is defined, the components supporting excellent supply chain management are explored, and the foundations for supply chain strategy are laid.

An Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. The second chapter considers the supply chain from a global perspective. The varying types of global supply chains are introduced, the forces that impact the global economy are outlined, and entry strategies for foreign markets are examined.

An Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. Chapter 3 further examines the development of supply chain strategy. The impact of globalization is considered at length, and key strategic relationships for managing and sustaining the supply chain -- notably, supplying, purchasing, and outsourcing relationships -- are introduced. The relationship between competitive and supply chain strategy is discussed, as are the key elements for managing supply chain strategy and supply chain types.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. Chapter 4 looks at the role of forecasting in supply chain management. Forecasting methodologies and key concepts for effective forecasting are introduced. The authors assert that forecasting can be usefully categorized into five points of view, which are delineated and explained. In addition, the chapter offers benchmarks in the forecasting process, the models used, and the applied software solutions and systems. Finally, a best practice solution is presented along with emergent trends for forecasting.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. Chapter 6 covers the logistics of physical distribution within supply chain management. The aspects of transportation and the methods and techniques of delivery, primarily cross-docking and its implications to business are discussed. Procedures for managing change within a logistics system and the implications of international trade and distribution are explored.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. In Chapter 7, the author introduces information technology (IT) and its goals in supply chain management. The different types of IT solutions available in supply chain management are discussed, as are the advantages and difficulties associated with IT. Critical areas for a successful IT-enable supply chain are highlighted. Trends and implementation issues are examined, and IT issues are demonstrated through two mini-cases.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. In Chapter 8, the concept of customer service is introduced as dimension of supply chain management. The scope of customer satisfaction is discussed and service quality is explored. Methods for measuring and managing performance, including the balanced scorecard concept, are examined.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. Chapter 9 expands on the topic of uncertainty, touched upon in prior chapters. The chapter describes certain sources of uncertainty and provides strategies for solving these problems. The impact of uncertainty on the supply chain and the differences between demand side and supply side uncertainty are explained. The bullwhip effect, a significant contributor to supply chain uncertainty introduced in Chapter 4, is further explored. Various strategies to consider for managing supply chain management uncertainty are presented, as are mini-case examples demonstrating best practices when confronting uncertainty.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management, published by Business Expert Press in February 2013, is a ten-chapter book written by Edmund Prater, Professor of Operations and Logistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. Developed for students of supply chain management, executives seeking a primer, and practitioners, the text offers an overview of SCM and provides a framework for subsequent, more detailed study. The book reviews the evolution of SCM concepts and discusses trends in global markets and strategic competitiveness. It focuses on the major issues involved in managing a competitive supply chain including forecasting, inventory management, distribution, dealing with uncertainty, reverse logistics, and customer service. The tenth and final chapter is dedicated to trends in supply chain management. The chapter's primary focus is future trends; current SCM trends addressed earlier in the text are summarized. The ongoing shift from vertical to virtual integration is reviewed and the continued used of information sharing is assessed. The projected growth of reverse logistics, where a manufacturer accepts previously shipped products or parts from the point for consumption for possible recycling or remanufacturing, is also examined.

Groom Energy Solutions helps organizations reduce their energy use and costs through the implementation of energy efficiency measures, which create long-term financial and environmental benefits. With early success serving customers in the cold storage and industrial manufacturing sectors, the seven-year-old company must now decide whether to continue expanding within these segments or transition into commercial retail and office buildings, which offer growth potential and unique challenges. Groom Energy must also decide which geographic regions provide the best opportunity. This case study provides background on the history of the energy efficiency industry, the energy efficiency paradox, and the benefits and challenges of a business focused on implementing efficiency measures. The case is particularly relevant to courses focused on energy management, environmental sustainability, and entrepreneurship within the energy and sustainability areas.