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Explores the problems and opportunities associated with export controls--one of the most widely used tools of international trade policy in the 1970s and early 1980s; and the role of the United States and Soviet Union as major players in the international economy. Briefly reviews examples of government-initiated export controls--their purposes and methods--from the 1930s through 1983.

Discusses the experience of waiting and the factors that affect customers' tolerance for waits. Eight (testable) propositions concerning the psychology of queues are presented, together with specific managerial advice.

Describes systematic methods for process debugging and improvement, based on statistical quality control. Examples are from manufacturing settings, but techniques are also useful for services and sales, and to quantity improvement as well as quality improvement.

Discusses exchange rate determination in world of flexible rates. The fundamentals of supply of and demand for foreign exchange are explained.

Describes several approaches to valuation of a going concern: assets, earnings, and cash flow.

Describes the method of control of repetitive manufacturing as used at Toyota by Just-in-Time and Kanban. The objective is to facilitate an understanding of how the method works and its rationale.

Crossroads Tavern is a short two part exercise on break-even analysis. In the first part, the owner and manager are attempting to assess the level of sales (measured in units and dollars) required for the firm to: (a) achieve a profit of zero; (b) achieve a target profit of $30,000; and (c) achieve a net cash flow of zero. In the second part, the manager is evaluating the idea of expanding the hours of operation, and is attempting to determine the sales volume necessary to make such an expansion feasible.

Describes the various stages in the start-up process and describes in detail the questions that can be asked and the analysis that can be performed to help deal with the issues that arise at each stage.

This is an issues-oriented note designed to stimulate discussion of the ethical aspects of the sale of pesticides which are not approved for any use or only for restricted use in the United States to less developed countries. It is organized as follows: the problem, some examples, what a pesticide is, the pesticide industry, benefits of pesticides, risks to humans, the industry response, and regulation of pesticides.

Introduces managers and students of management to some of the basic categories and frameworks of philosophical ethics. Consists of five parts: l) Classifying ethical frameworks; 2) Teleological frameworks; 3) Deontological frameworks; 4) Mixed frameworks; and 5) from theory to practice.

Designed to highlight alternative concepts of good management and the need for entrepreneurship as a response to societal changes. It argues that entrepreneurship can be fostered or destroyed as a function of the administrative setting.

Describes the international oil tanker shipping industry both historically and in 1983. Designed to provide a vehicle for practicing industry analysis in a volatile commodity business, and for formulating strategy in such an environment. Also can be used to examine industry capacity overexpansion and vertical integration policies of oil companies who own some but not all of the ships they use to transport their oil.

Provides an overview of balance of payments accounting and analytical presentation of balance of payments data. Includes sample transactions to illustrate the application of the basic accounting principles and definitions of the standard balances.

What happens to an industry with millions of employees that loses its comparative advantage? This note examines this question by looking at the global textile and apparel industry. With the Multi-Fiber Arrangement coming up for renewal in December 1981, the United States, Europe, and the developing world must decide how to divide the international textile market in the 1980s. The debate focuses on who wins and who loses from protectionism, and the advantages and disadvantages of free trade.

Introduction to basic notions of EDQ, reorder points, periodic review systems, and ABC Analysis.

Introduces students to the process of data analysis in Business, Government, and the International Economy (BGIE) cases. Uses examples from Selected U.S. Statistics: Part I.

This note discusses cost behaviour, break-even analysis contribution and projected income statements. In addition to the theoretical framework, two examples are presented and analyzed.

The mechanics of preparing projected financial statements are described to provide an understanding of the methods used in preparation, and to outline how these projections can be modified and used in financial planning and management decision making.

This note discusses cost behaviour, break-even analysis contribution and projected income statements. In addition to the theoretical framework, two examples are presented and analyzed.

Provides an introduction to futures contracts, what they are, what their use in hedging is, and their usefulness in providing forecasts. Also covers basic risk. Includes a list of commodities currently traded in futures markets and the necessary properties of a commodity that make it tradable in a futures market.