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The case is about Krishna, who has just started his professional career and is wondering what strategy to follow to maximize his after-tax wealth. He did not have any experience in managing his finances and wanted to plan for his taxes and increase his after-tax wealth. The case includes Krishna's income statement, balance sheet, profile, goals, assumptions, and tax rules. The tax rates are standard in structure but differ in important ways such as age and income and thus require careful analysis and scenario analysis of the proposed calculations.

Friends of the Children was founded by Duncan Campbell in 1991. Campbell grew up in extremely challenging circumstances and wanted to use his good fortune to make an impact on the lives of children who faced the same sort of circumstances he once had. The Friends of the Children model entailed pairing a salaried, professional mentor, called a Friend, with each child for a minimum of 12 years. It worked-83 percent of Friends of the Children youth earned a high school diploma or the equivalent GED certificate; 92 percent enrolled in post-secondary education, served the country, or entered the workforce; 93 percent remained free from juvenile justice system involvement; and 98 percent waited to become parents until out of their teen years. This case explains the Friends of the Children model as it has evolved over the years and explores its capacity to scale (even as a comparatively expensive intervention). It also highlights the organization's response to the racial equity movement.

In the summer of 2019, the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Canada's largest mental health teaching hospital, found itself at the centre of a high-profile media crisis after three patients absconded from care at its forensic mental health unit. The events had led to public concern from the community, the media, and the government, putting CAMH's reputation at risk. Much of the concern manifested through stigmatizing statements due to a common misunderstanding and ignorance towards mental health, especially in the forensic area. CAMH's chief executive officer, Dr. Catherine Zahn, and her team had to decide how they would address the crisis both externally with the public and internally in their own organization.

In February 2017, four co-founders were deciding whether or not to launch their new custom suit business, Hudson St. Clair. The company would manufacture made-to-measure suits in Detroit, Michigan, and sell them online, across the United States. The co-founders approached Hulin Partners, a private equity company to see if it would be interested in investing in the idea, but the company offered instead to buy the business. The four founders need to determine whether they would infuse their own equity and grow the business or sell the business plan and existing contracts to Hulin Partners. To decide what to do, the team first needed to understand the current business environment, evaluate the product and marketing strategy, and project the new venture's financial performance for the first three years of operations.

This is a short synopsis of both the A & B cases (906014 and 906015).

This case explores incentives for rare disease drug development by chronicling the role of the Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Foundation in forming strategic partnerships with the scientific research community and pharmaceutical developers to transform the trajectory of innovation for the disease. In the 17 years since its inception, the Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Foundation has helped transform SMA from an underfunded and poorly researched disease with no available treatments to one with three novel drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). While these therapies greatly improved the quality of life for many newly diagnosed patients, there was still a substantial portion of existing patients with unmet medical needs. Though many in the medical community, and even at the FDA, felt that SMA had been all but cured, the Foundation could not accept that their work was done until every patient had a treatment option.

This mini case study focuses on one of the building blocks of a circular economy - design-for-circularity - either of an entire product or its components and materials. Rather than ending up as landfill, they are sent back to the production system to be re-made (into a copy of the original, for the same intended use). Students explore to what extent it makes sense to do so in different circumstances, using as an illustration a VHS tape to simulate a circularity transformation process through design.

During a strategic planning process in early 2018, the chief executive officer of St. Joseph's Health Care in London, Ontario, Canada encountered various challenges that tested her values-based leadership style and innovative approach to stakeholder engagement. She had not anticipated the skepticism from the senior management team that surfaced when she attempted to finalize the strategic plan for presentation to the board of directors. Although she faced resistance to the detailed wording of the proposed aims, she was opposed to diluting the language in the strategic plan. She found it important for all engaged stakeholders to see that their input had shaped the resulting plan. However, successful implementation of the strategic plan would depend on the support of her team members, who were accountable for its implementation. Overruling a management recommendation could potentially jeopardize the good working relationship she had established, but failing to deliver a plan to stakeholders that reflected their input posed a reputational risk for the organization. The chief executive officer had to decide how to move forward.

Founded in 2010, 111 Inc. was a leading online, direct-sales pharmacy in China. As an early entrant to China's online health care market, 111 Inc. developed various operational capabilities to support and expand its businesses, including a smart supply chain, big-data technologies, omnichannel capabilities, and operation on both business-to-consumer and business-to-business models. The online health care market in China had been growing rapidly in recent years, especially with the support of new government policies. Therefore, many companies were showing great interest in the industry's new opportunities, including Alibaba Group Holding Limited, JD.com Inc., Pingduoduo Inc., and Tencent Holdings Ltd. Considering the imminent market entry of these technology giants, with their vast customer bases and extensive amounts of capital, 111 Inc. was wondering what it should do to sustain and grow its competitive advantage.

The case describes the SMU Challenge game, a digital simulation game that students can play anytime and anywhere, to revise their knowledge of concepts they had learnt earlier. Under the Financial Accounting topic of the app, the concepts that are covered include transaction analysis, double entry accounting system, accounting for cash, and financial statement analysis. Among the concepts tested in the Management Accounting topic are basic cost concepts, product costing classifications, cost accumulation, and cost-volume-profit relationships. As for the Audit and Assurance topic, concepts that students are tested on include audit planning, risk assessment, audit testing, reporting, and quality control. These concepts are covered in the following courses offered by Singapore Management University (SMU): ACCT 111/101 Financial Accounting, ACCT 112/102 Management Accounting, and ACCT 331 Audit and Assurance.

Coats, the largest thread maker in the world, transformed its business to digital colour measurement so that it could respond better to customer demand in the garment industry for rapid product cycles and more fragmented colour choices. Its embrace of digital colour measurement technologies enabled customers to drive ever shorter fulfilment cycles. But the company faced a monumental challenge in forecasting demand for the wide spectrum of colours and thread types, and it had shifted to an ABC inventory classification model for make-to-stock versus make-to-order products. The question at hand was whether it should now consolidate some of its high volume make-to-stock manufacturing in an ultra-low-cost location while leaving the make-to-order products close to the customer.

Colombia, once the fastest growing country in Latin America, continues to struggle with productivity. Both labor productivity and total factor productivity have been low for the past decade, despite economic growth of 4.7% annually. Many factors contribute, which President Duque, and President Santos before him, have tried to address. But now, however, President Duque has even larger institutional problems to solve-implementation of the peace treaty, dealing with Venezuelan refugees and COVID-amidst a macroeconomic and political crisis induced by the pandemic.

In late January 2021, Robinhood Markets Inc. (Robinhood), the California-based start-up that had upended the securities brokerage industry with its zero-commission trades, faced legal and market challenges. The US Securities and Exchange Commission had imposed a hefty fine on the company for its inadequate disclosure of payments to market brokers. In addition, a state regulator had filed an administrative complaint about the start-up's "gamification" of investing that had arguably led unwitting customers to lose money. A huge run-up in the stock of GameStop Corp. had put the spotlight on Robinhood and its business practices. On the competitive front, both traditional brokers such as Charles Schwab Corporation and Webull Financial LLC, a China-based start-up, were challenging Robinhood for the millennial investor customer base. Robinhood's co-founder and chief executive officer, Vladimir Tenev, and his team needed to respond to these challenges so the company could file papers in March 2021 for a mid-2021 initial public offering.

In May 2020, the three cofounders of Kinsip House of Fine Spirits (Kinsip), a craft distillery located on a farm in Prince Edward County, Ontario, Canada, felt a great sense of accomplishment. The distillery had a varied product mix that included light and dark spirits, a broad variety of bitters, and cask-aged maple syrup. However, in March of 2020, the business had retooled to produce hand sanitizer in response to the shortages resulting from the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a distillery, Kinsip already produced ethanol for its regular products, which was also a key ingredient in the composition of hand sanitizer, and in combining this with their production and bottling expertise, were able to meet the needs of the community quickly and effectively. Before long, Kinsip had added hand sanitizer to its list of products for sale to the public. Should the cofounders make hand sanitizer a regular Kinsip product offering?

In May 2018, US-based multinational retail giant Walmart Inc. (Walmart) took control of India's biggest e-commerce platform Flipkart Internet Private Ltd. (Flipkart). Despite being the industry leader, Flipkart had been continuously losing market share to Amazon.com, Inc. (Amazon) and was looking for support from a deep-pocketed investor. This created an opportunity for Walmart to enter the Indian e-commerce industry, bypassing regulations governing foreign direct investments. However, the unprecedented growth of Amazon, new foreign direct investment rules in India, Reliance Industries Ltd.'s entry into e-commerce, and challenges due to COVID-19 all created unexpected turbulence for the new partners. How would the Walmart-Flipkart duo overcome these challenges? Would Walmart divest its investment in Flipkart and end its aspirations to become one of the largest e-commerce companies in India? Or would the duo overcome these challenges together and emerge as winners?

A 2010 global event had far-reaching effects on the Indian energy sector, when a change in Indonesian law affected the commercial viability of power plants in India that were based on imported Indonesian coal. There were serious implications for private participation in the electricity sector, which was slowly moving toward liberalization and privatization. The issue was convoluted and became all the more serious when, in 2017, a compensatory tariff allowed by regulatory bodies to provide relief for the increased coal prices was disallowed by the Supreme Court of India within the contractual framework.

In March 2006, Iftekhar Enayetullah and Abu Hasnat Md. Maqsood Sinha, the cofounders of Waste Concern, a social enterprise based in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and focused on developing innovative waste management solutions for cities in emerging Asia, faced their biggest challenge yet: scaling up their organization's activities and impact. The previous fall, working with a Dutch recycling firm, Waste Concern had secured approval from the United Nations and the Bangladeshi government for two projects under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism, a policy program designed to spur infrastructure investments in emerging countries that would help reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. To move forward with the projects, Waste Concern also required access to the Matuail landfill, which was owned and operated by the Dhaka City Corporation, the city government of Bangladesh's capital. But despite the projects' obvious benefits to Dhaka and Waste Concern's lobbying of key local officials for months, the DCC still had not granted its permission, and it was unclear whether the DCC ever would. The clock was ticking for Enayetullah and Sinha. Was there a way to persuade the DCC to provide access to the landfill so that Waste Concern could pursue the two CDM projects at Matuail as planned? Or would the social entrepreneurs be better off taking a different path to scale Waste Concern's efforts to address urban waste management and global climate change?

Lea Block has tried to initiate digital transformation at Seuzach AG, a large global provider of medical devices for the health care industry. As marketing director, she has identified major shifts in German health care that demand that Seuzach changes its ways of approaching customers. Instead of targeting the specific needs of doctors in hospitals, Seuzach should rather address the new decision makers: the CEOs, CFOs, or CIOs of hospitals, who have a different buying logic. Seuzach should also leap into the future players in the industry through the application of digital innovations which allow for data driven, cloud-based digital services and business models that integrate data across the whole product range. In Seuzach's matrix organization (global product responsibility, supported by regional sales) Lea wants to convince the heads of marketing for the different product businesses to change. She seems to be able to quickly convince her colleagues of what she calls 'digital C-level marketing.' However, as soon as work is supposed to start, she realizes that commitments were less strong than she assumed. A few weeks later, Lea is clearly told that there will be no support for her. The short case study is set when Lea realizes the failure of her digital transformation initiative. This case is an update of the case Anna Frisch at Aesch AG: Initiating lateral change, a sanitized case that was set in 2007, in response to demands from students to have more up-to-date case as a basis for classroom discussions. As compared to the original case, this case provides an update of the developments in the German healthcare sector and puts stronger emphasis on the technology-related aspects of the proposed changes.

Successful implementation is essential for achieving policymakers' goals and must be considered during both design and delivery. The mission of this monograph is to provide you with a framework and set of tools to achieve success. The starting point is a four-step framework for developing effective implementation plans: Architect, Pilot, Scale, Improve. A set of tools that support each of the framework stages are then profiled. Tools for change management and project management are also provided. HKS Case 2216.0

This case follows Nwanneoma "Neena" Ngondai and her work on the proposed FasTracks program.