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Intellectual Ventures creates and acquires intellectual property, which it then seeks to monetize through non-exclusive licensing. In early 2009, as an increasing number of companies were trying to position themselves as leading intermediaries in the market for intellectual property, IV was looking for the best business model to become such a leading intermediary. Its model was predicated on making it easy for small inventors to monetize their inventions and IP (by selling it to IV) and then using its scale and aggregate IP portfolio to extract revenues from potential licensees (usually technology companies).

This case uses two vignettes to illustrate ethical questions that may occur at hospitals. In the first, 89-year old widow Theresa Addison is faced with the challenge of finding a facility that will care for her 47 year old son on a long term basis. Her son had been born with cerebral palsy, and facilities had deemed his situation futile. In the second vignette, hospital staff missed a key indicator during a newborn's first baby wellness check, resulting in considerable brain necrosis.

This case is centered on Stanford University's Palliative Care program and covers difficult conversations physicians must have with patients and their families. Situations include dealing with the angry family of a terminally ill patient, and how to legally and ethically respond to a patient's request for assisted suicide.

This case is about the diagnosis of Alzheimer's at a relatively young age, at a time when the patients are forced to juggle jobs, family, and dementia. The case is based on the article When Alzheimer's Hits at 40 from the Wall Street Journal (November 14, 2008). While most people who get Alzheimer's are over 65, Andy Smith, the protagonist in the case, is one of about 500,000 Americans living with Alzheimer's or other dementias at an atypically young age. Alzheimer's takes a long time to develop - usually, it isn't diagnosed until 10 years after the first symptoms appear - but more Americans are identifying it early, thanks in part to aggressive screening programs pushed in recent years by groups including the Alzheimer's Foundation of America, a national alliance of caregivers. This case has three vignettes that focus on different difficult conversations between Dr. Henderson and Andy and Cindy Smith. Dr. Henderson is there at the beginning of this ordeal as he attempts to inconclusively identify the cause of Andy's initial symptoms. Finally, after several years and many different treatments, Dr. Henderson diagnosed Andy's condition as Alzheimer's.

Fluor Corporation has always prided itself on its competence in safety. It was a core value of the company, and Fluor had achieved remarkable safety records on complex projects all over the world. But now, in the spring of 1997, Fluor found itself managing the Western Hemisphere's largest environmental cleanup site, the Hanford reservation in Washington State. The Hanford site was established as part of the Manhattan Project in the 1940s that gave birth to the atomic bomb. Hanford produced nearly two-thirds of U.S. plutonium during the Cold War period. The Hanford site was half the size of Rhode Island, occupying 586 square miles in southeastern Washington State. The cleanup that began in 1988 was expected to take 30 years or more. Improving safety at Hanford was proving to be a significant challenge. As the new site manager at Hanford, Fluor Hanford (FH) inherited lower- and mid-level managers and thousands of unionized employees, many of whom were second- or third-generation Hanford employees. These employees had seen many contractors come and go over the previous years. Some of the managers who had worked with the previous contractor saw Fluor's emphasis on safety as getting in the way of operations. Union/management relations were fractious. Hanford's culture was described as "production driven-management told everyone what to do, and, if you didn't do it, there were consequences." Worker involvement in designing and implementing safety programs was negligible. FH also was having trouble satisfying its client, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).

"It was late morning on January 21, 2004 and Dr Robert Easton was enjoying the beautiful sunshine and crisp mountain air on the ski slopes of Davos, Switzerland when his mobile phone rang. It was a call from Ken Greatbatch, the former CFO of Vantico, with very interesting news: Clariant's attempt to auction off its operating division, AZ Electronic Materials (AZ-EM), had failed. There was now a great chance of an exclusive deal for Carlyle to acquire the company. Clariant needed to make the deal happen, and fast; it had promised shareholders and analysts during the summer of 2003 that it would reduce its debt level by almost €800 million. Six months had passed and the company had very little to show for its efforts. To dispose of its division, Clariant had initially engineered an auction among AZ-EM's closest competitors, but had not succeeded in finding a suitable buyer. Faced with the failed auction, increased pressure from shareholders and a clear need to raise cash rapidly, Clariant resorted to its second-best option - a negotiated sale with a qualified private equity buyer. The Carlyle Group immediately voiced an interest and offered to expedite due diligence if a deal could be negotiated rapidly. Speed was now of the essence for Clariant's top management team, who were very keen to figure out how quickly Easton and his team could move. Learning objectives: Buyout, due diligence, managing transition, turnaround management, leverage, incentives, restructuring."

The case is designed to explore the process of building competitiveness, particularly in an unstable environment, with a focus on organizations for competitiveness.

The founders of Nantucket Nectars are trying to decide whether and how to sell their company.

A social entrepreneur undertakes to launch a bank with charitable status itself that could provide financial services to up to 161,000 charities. He has quietly arranged support from major for-profit banks and government officials. The day before his press conference to tell all stakeholders about this new bank, he is still struggling with the key words to describe the bank so that it conveys it purposes, but offends as few stakeholders as possible. Students must evaluate his proposed three key words and propose other descriptors.

In 2006, Western Union spun-off from its former parent, First Data Corporation and began the process of defining itself as a standalone organization. Part of that effort was the creation of a strategic corporate social responsibility program called Our World, Our Family. The case tracks Western Union's earlier CSR initiatives and how they resulted in the creation Our World, Our Family. Key elements of the case focus on understanding the Western Union business model focused on financial remittances, and how their corporate citizenship efforts bring value to the company by satisfying the diverse needs of Western Union's stakeholders.

An entrepreneur is hoping to open Caribbean Internet Cafe in Kingston, Jamaica. He has gathered data on all the relevant costs: equipment, rent, labor, etc. He has also found a partner in the local telephone company, Jamaica Telecommunications Limited (JTL). JTL has provided equity and a long-term loan at favourable interest rates. He is now faced with the task of analyzing fixed, variable and start-up costs, contribution margin, and the concept of break-even to guide his decision.

When do discussions of a great business idea have real consequences and how can an entrepreneur plan for and manage them? Using facts from a litigated case, the concept of inadvertent formation of an entity is explored, the duties of partners to one another are introduced and the legal consequences of breach of those duties are discussed.

In 2002, U.S. lawmakers quickly passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in the wake of several high profile bankruptcies and the revelation of accounting irregularities and corporate fraud at several American corporations, such as WorldCom, Adelphia Communications and Enron. Did the main benefits of SOX - gains in shareholder confidence that increased equity market participation and liquidity - justify these costs? Do the benefits of SOX for corporate governance - increased oversight from the board of directors, an increase in the reliability of internal controls, and increased power given to audit committees - help to justify the costs? This note discusses the legislation itself with its costs and benefits.

William Wang, CEO of VIZIO, Inc., was proud of his company's success in providing affordable flat screen TVs. Since its founding in 2002, VIZIO had grown to over $2 billion in revenue and was one of the top three flat panel TV brands, along with Samsung and Sony. Faced with intensifying price pressure from the industry leaders and an unprecedented economic recession, Wang wondered how VIZIO could best sustain its growth and finance its business.

This teaching case examines the implementation of a new technology for tracking individual freight railcars (wagons) by Indian Railways. After exploring multiple 'technological options,' the Indian Railways decided to undertake a pilot project based on time-tested Automatic Equipment Identification system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. However, a number of other technological options are now available, which include EPC Gen2-based RFID systems, Global Positioning System solutions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR)-based systems, and manual hand-held data collection devices integrated with the current Freight Operations System. Each of these systems has its own advantages and limitations. Although Indian Railways officials are going ahead with the pilot project, they are uncertain as to the appropriate technological choice, given the wide range of available technology options. Further, they are faced with competing interests from different stakeholder groups (departments), who favor different technologies.

The president and chief executive officer of a fractional aircraft ownership company based in London, Ontario, must devise a growth strategy and marketing plan for OurPLANE's upcoming year since there is an opportunity to purchase several more aircraft at deeply discounted prices. Students are asked to (1) perform a thorough company size-up, (2) complete an industry analysis of the fractional aircraft ownership industry, (3) analyze competition, (4) complete a consumer analysis, (5) calculate the company's margins and profitability, (6) use the external and internal analyses to develop a growth strategy and (7) analyze the company's marketing strategy.

After United Way CEO Brian Gallagher began shifting the organization's focus from old-school fundraising to community impact, Gallagher and local leaders like Elise Buik, CEO of the United Way of Greater Los Angeles, faced a series of challenges regarding how to best use United Way's resources to address the root causes of social problems.

In early 2006, the anticipated expansion of package delivery services in China provided a great opportunity for the two package delivery giants FedEx and UPS. It was unclear which of these firms would make the most of this opportunity. FedEx had an early foothold, but UPS had a longer tradition of success. Adding to this debate is the observation that the FedEx stock price had been rising steadily and on that basis, FedEx had outperformed UPS.

Georginelli Dental Research (GDR) has transitioned from an agile entrepreneurial company to one that has become overly cautious as its high-margin film sales have eroded. Even though the phases-and-gates process in place at GDR provides guidance to projects, the spirit that led the company to past success has been removed from the organization. The two main characters of the case want to bring back that "can do" spirit as they attempt to rapidly commercialize the Bart scanner and extend the life of film. The issues in the case concern: a) entrepreneurial companies and their business strategies and processes for managing new product development b) the implications these strategies and processes have on addressing the needs of customers, shareholders and employees c) the role people can play in "pushing through" corporate processes and culture to improve time-to-market. The case focuses on the ways individuals might overcome internal company resistance or roadblocks by partnering with an OEM partner that possesses complementary capabilities. When seeking a strategic partner, most think in terms of technical skills; however, the culture or DNA of a partner is just as important. The case is intended for use in courses in managing new product commercialization, managing technology and innovation, strategic thinking, international business and leadership.

It's 2009 and Paul Williamson, Head of Ticketing, must finalize ticket prices for the 2012 London Olympic Games. Yet, there are many criteria to consider. First, given the importance of ticketing to the Games' bottom line, he has a strong incentive to maximize revenues. Second, because the entire world will be watching, he wants to maximize attendance-not just at the Opening Ceremony and swimming finals, which are easy sells, but also at events such as handball and table tennis, which are not. Third, he wants to fill seats with the right people-knowledgeable fans who add to the energy and atmosphere of the event. Finally, tickets have to be accessible not only to the world's elite but also to average Londoners, many of whom live around the corner from the Olympic Park.