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Memaksa Steel, an Indonesian steel products manufacturer, has recently developed a new finishing process that reduces the wear time on steel by 60% for products that are subjected to intense abrasion during use. The marketing department believes this innovation should be applied to steel saw blades for use in Indonesia's lumber mills. Saw blades manufactured using this new finishing process would sell for 35% more than the older blades, but would drastically increase the cutting time before needing replacement. Santi der Majoido, the CEO, must examine the channel structure and decide whether or not to launch the new product.

By December 2018, entrepreneur Joe DeLoss's fried chicken company, Hot Chicken Takeover, has opened three restaurants in Columbus, Ohio using an unconventional employment model that helps people with criminal records get back on their feet. DeLoss is proud of the supportive employment environment he has cultivated, but wonders how to scale it beyond Columbus.

As 2018 drew to a close, India prepared to once again carry out the largest democratic exercise in human history, as in less than six months more than 850 million eligible voters would have the chance to choose their representatives to the Lok Sabha-the country's lower house of parliament-and, thus, their country's Prime Minister and cabinet.[i] The election would pit the ruling party-the Bharatiya Janata Party (Indian People's Party, known as the BJP) led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi-against a collection of parties that included the once-dominant Indian National Congress party (Congress). The 2019 elections would serve as a referendum on Modi's first term in office and, therefore, on a high stakes question: had India's implausibly robust democracy produced the right leader for the right moment, or had it taken the wrong path?

The CEO of OLX Brazil, an online classifieds platform business, is debating among multiple paths to grow sustainably (i.e., profitably) without the need for investor money. The options under consideration are: (1) penetration growth by focusing on the core, (2) new markets growth by entering adjacencies, or (3) new products growth by developing new services. Each of these options caries a series of benefits and risks. How should OLX's CEO compare the options and choose the best path to grow his platform business?

The case is set in 2015, when DBS Bank applied to the Reserve Bank of India to operate as a locally incorporated subsidiary under the wholly-owned subsidiary (WOS) scheme. DBS had a presence in India since 1995 and had grown to become the fifth largest foreign bank by assets. Upbeat about the growth prospects, it was the first foreign bank to apply for the conversion from branch operation to WOS. The scheme would extend near-equal treatment to locally-incorporated foreign banks as with national banks, and it aimed to incentivise them to scale up their operations in return for opening new branches in under-banked and unbanked cities and issuing credit to companies categorised under the priority lending sectors. However, the past year had been challenging for DBS India. Its profitability had taken a hit as bad loans rose more than four-fold, climbing to the top of the list among all private banks in India. The bad debts were primarily due to delayed servicing of loans by construction companies, which were granted credit during a previous period of aggressive lending. The case discusses the opportunities and challenges the WOS brings to DBS India, leading to its final decision to apply for the scheme.

This note examines the economic and political impact of the Australian government's deregulation and climate change policies, as well as a slew of additional corresponding market factors, on Australia's energy and electricity markets. Since the Australian government began its concerted effort to deregulate the power generation industry in the 1990s, prices for electricity and natural gas have risen significantly faster than either automotive fuel or the broader Australian consumer price index. As a result, Australia's energy and electricity markets and the government's intervention (or lack thereof) in these markets have become an extremely important and divisive political issue for the country.

This case examines gender challenges confronting women leaders, particularly in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-related sectors through the lens of Wendy Chan, a data science team leader in Europa a multinational insurance company, and the challenges she encountered in her role, as well as the steps she took to address her situation. It highlights issues concerning bias against women leaders, gender differences toward work issues, and work-life balance. This case caters to undergraduates and graduate courses on management and/or entrepreneurship that focus on diversity and leadership issues, especially those covering the topic of gender. It is also suitable for gender studies and women's studies courses with a focus on diversity and leadership issues.

Wade Watts has won control of the OASIS - a futuristic, immersive virtual reality game world. He must decide on rules, rights, and marketplace design, balancing the founding principles of the OASIS with the platform's potentially negative externalities.

Supplements to (A) case 818112.

Francesco Cavarero, chief information officer of Miroglio Fashion, Italy's third-largest retailer of women's apparel, was trying to bring analytical rigor to the company's forecasting and inventory management decisions. But fashion is inherently hard to predict. Can artificial intelligence and machine learning replace human intuition in this industry?

Nobel Ilac was a Turkish generic pharmaceutical company marketing more than 100 drugs in 20 countries and, as of 2017, had over 2,500 employees worldwide. Nobel had implemented a transformation strategy-more specifically, a customer segmentation plan-whereby the sales force had begun to use data to determine their call plans. As a result, it had improved sales performance, and its previously negative EBITDA had reached double-digit positive figures. Two key issues remained: 1) growth was not as high as desired; and 2) the sales force's voluntary turnover was very high. Given that the sales force was the only go-to-market channel, Nobel needed to do something to reduce employee turnover without affecting the positive trend in sales and profits. For many industries, personal selling is the primary and sometimes the only way that a firm can go to market. Hence, properly managing the sales force is a key to a firm's success. The case outlines the challenges of managing a sales force-in particular, how to decrease salespeople's attrition while also increasing growth.

Zhejiang Geely Holding Company's acquisition of Volvo cars was widely viewed with skepticism because of the poor track record of cross-border auto industry acquisitons. This case looks at the acquisition and post-acquisition integration from the point of view of Chinese managers at Geely. A companion case, 613-042 Volvo Cars: Acquisition by Geely looks at the acquisition from the point of view of Swedish managers at Volvo.

Dr. Brad Worthington, surgeon and anesthesiologist, has created BKK, a nonopioid surgical pain reliever. A combination of three FDA-approved drugs, BKK has beneficial properties beyond those of the individual medications of which it is made. Having obtained a patent for BKK, Worthington and his business partner, Thurman Ballard, are evaluating three paths to market, each with its own risks, costs, timelines, and possible outcomes: 1) seek venture capital investment to fund a New Drug Application for FDA approval; 2) partner with a compounding pharmacy that can manufacture and distribute the drug wholesale; or 3) develop a relationship with a manufacturer that can produce convenience kits containing all three drugs, bottled separately, with directions for mixing and administering them. This case provides a close look into the barriers to entry for new drug commercialization for an individual or small business. Innovations in healthcare delivery, medical technology, and even new drug development or new uses for existing drugs are often generated by those closest to patient care-nurses, doctors, and other medical personnel. But without significant resources, even the most ingenious new ideas require entrepreneurial thinking to bring them to market. Students have the opportunity to build a decision tree and explore the qualitative and quantitative data presented to justify all three options. Which should Worthington and Ballard choose?

Francesco Cavarero, chief information officer of Miroglio Fashion, Italy's third-largest retailer of women's apparel, was trying to bring analytical rigor to the company's forecasting and inventory management decisions. But fashion is inherently hard to predict. Can artificial intelligence and machine learning replace human intuition in this industry?

Mitch Lowe, the CEO of MoviePass, was having trouble convincing people of the viability of the company's business model. The company was building a multi-sided platform, and was planning to extract value from increasing traffic to movie theaters through a number of mechanisms. It also appeared to making assumptions around its flat-rate pricing model. By making some assumptions, this case affords an opportunity for students to practice with discovery-driven planning.

Outfit7 is a digital entertainment firm that develops and publishes animated video games for mobile phones, tablets and desktops. It's flagship product is a series of mobile apps called "Talking Tom and Friends", with close to 10 billion downloads globally. Outfit7 is one of only 46 European unicorns, i.e., privately held companies valued above $1 billion, topping the global ranks of most downloaded mobile games. In 2017, according to App Annie, a leading app-ranking platform, Outfit7 was the sixth most downloaded mobile publisher, and My Talking Tom was the second most downloaded mobile game globally, putting it in the company of tech giants like Facebook, Google, Tencent and Alibaba. Part A describes the growth stage from 2009 to 2014, along with the story of founders Samo and Iza Login. The focus is on setting up the startup and developing a unique organizational culture, leaving the hiring decision (fit or misfit) to students. In Part B, from 2014 to 2017, the start-up moves into scale-up phase after the founders' exit/appointment of a new management team, the focus is on entrepreneurial leadership. In Part C, as tensions emerge from scaling up a unicorn, students must decide what to keep and what to change (how to balance continuity and renewal) as expectations for growth soar.

Supplement to case IN1556

Supplement to case IN1556