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PharmAccess and the M-TIBA Platform: Leveraging Digital Technology in the Developing World
PharmAccess is an Amsterdam based NGO working to support the development of the private health care market in Africa. This work is critical as over 50% of care is delivered through the private sector, but well-intentioned efforts to address global health through the public sector have the unintended consequence of crowding-out capital formation in the private sector. PharmaAccess is working to crowd-in funding instead through the development of a three-pronged effort in Kenya. They are working to address supply through efforts to improve the quality of health care facilities through education and through a micro-lending program. At the same time, they are working to address demand through the development of the M-TIBA mobile health wallet. The critical question for this case is whether these efforts, in essence the development of a novel platform simultaneously addressing supply and demand, will be enough to change the dynamics of the private health care market. The case provides a background on private health care in Africa and in Kenya. -
Designing Transformational Customer Experiences
Anyone who has recently travelled, gone shopping, or tried to have a problem solved may have little recollection of the experience. Worse yet, some are frustrated by the lack of responsiveness or empathy that they encountered. The reality is that most customer experiences are mediocre, forgettable and some are plain awful. But once in a blue moon, an experience is so great that it leaves positive memories for years. Why do some product or service experiences have that undeniable "wow" factor, while others lack that pizzazz, relegating them to either being loathed or erased from memory? This case prepares participants for an in-class exercise in which they discover design principles that make experiences great. The exercise uses two methodologies: LEGO® Serious Play® (LSP) and Storytelling. It requires the purchase of special purpose LEGO® elements. -
Iran on the Brink: The Nuclear Deal and the Future of the Islamic Republic
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Walmart: Navigating a Changing Retail Landscape
As the largest company, by revenue, in the world, Walmart has been a lightning rod for criticism. However, in an attempt to stay ahead of traditional and digital retailers, and keep customers satisfied with evolving demands, the company is strengthening its competitive advantage by creating Shared Value. Current CEO, Doug McMillon outlines his strategy for fending off competition, navigating a challenging retail landscape, and positioning Walmart as a leading retailer for today and the future. -
Canadian Arrow Mines: The Nickel Price, Student Spreadsheet
Student spreadsheet for case W17138. -
Canadian Arrow Mines: The Nickel Price
Canadian Arrow Mines Limited (CRO) had a promising nickel property, the Kenbridge deposit, located 70 kilometres southeast of Kenora, Ontario. The spot had been the site of significant exploration in the past. Further exploration by CRO had indicated that it could be profitable. CRO had spent close to CA$10 million on redevelopment, and needed a further $3 million for the final feasibility study before going into full operation. In 2007, nickel hit a high of $27 per pound, but by 2009, prices had dipped to under $8 per pound, which severely curtailed the firm's ability to raise the final $3 million. CRO turned its attention to other projects to raise money in the hope of a recovery, but the trend had been negative until mid-2016. To save the property, CRO had laid off all of its employees and reduced expenses to the minimum required. With a small recovery evident, CRO management wondered if CRO should hang on further and wait for nickel prices to rise enough to support the final feasibility study. The team wanted to know what nickel price was required to run a profitable operation. Were there any indicators about which direction this price would take in the future? -
Responsibilities to Society
This module note for students outlines an approach to help managers deliver on their responsibilities in relation to society. The approach frames these responsibilities in terms of potential harms to third parties beyond investors, customers, and employees. The approach aims to help managers identify relevant harms, analyze their responsibility for harms, and determine an appropriate response. The approach also considers limits on how far managers ought to go to address these harms, emphasizing respect for boundaries relating to political legitimacy and legal authority. The module note was written for students in the first-year course Leadership and Corporate Accountability. -
SEAS and HBS in Allston
The case describes opportunities for and barriers to collaboration between the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) and Harvard Business School as SEAS prepares to move two-thirds of its faculty and classes to a new campus in Allston, 1.5 miles from its current Cambridge location. Companion cases ("SEAS in 2016," 817-063, and "HBS in 2016," 817-062) provide background on the two schools. -
WNG Capital LLC
In late 2013, an analyst at WNG Capital LLC, Wenbo Su, must recommend whether the terms of a sale-and-leaseback deal are value adding for WNG. WNG was an operating lessor of used commercial aircraft manufactured by Airbus Group and Boeing Corporation. The lessee in the deal was a small private airline based in the United Kingdom. The essence of the transaction was to transform the airline from being the owner of certain aircraft in its fleet to being the lessee of the aircraft for the ensuing 12 months. The airline would have full use of the aircraft, but would not own the aircraft or have use of the aircraft after the end of the lease. The cash flows to all parties were complicated, and Su planned to conduct a thorough analysis of the proposed lease terms before making a recommendation to WNG's CEO, Michael Gangemi. The student's challenge is to assume Su's role and develop a discounted cash flow analysis to estimate the NPV to WNG Capital. The broader discussion of the case prompts students to answer how the airline benefits from the deal. This analysis and discussion form the basis of understanding the value of leasing as a value-adding financial product. -
Eastern Condiments: The Changing Curry Company
Navas Meeran, the Chairman and Managing Director of Eastern Condiments Private Limited (ECPL) had been instrumental in the growth and professionalization of ECPL by bringing in non-family professionals, introducing state-of-the-art systems and processes in manufacturing, and nurturing the values of compassion and loyalty that his father had instilled across the organization. In 2014 he had taken a sabbatical and handed over the company operations to his younger brother Firoz. ECPL, the flagship company of the INR 8 billion, family managed Eastern Group headquartered in Kochi, India, was engaged in manufacturing and marketing spices, blended spice powders, pickles, breakfast staples and beverages in both domestic and international markets. The company began as a small shop set up by their father M.E. Meeran in 1961. It had grown to record revenues of INR 5.60 billion in 2014. Though Navas was pleased with the company's 2015 business performance under Firoz's leadership he was uncomfortable with the pace and execution of major organizational changes brought in by Firoz. He was worried about Firoz's aggressive approach; the speed of the internal changes Firoz had made to tap external market opportunities had resulted in 10 -15% attrition at all levels in the organization. Was it right for a traditional family run business bred on a culture of compassion and loyalty to make a sudden shift to a metrics-based performance culture? Would Firoz's efforts to transform the company into a professional organization ultimately sustain the growth of the business? Was there a need to both cultivate professionalism and reward loyalty across the ECPL value chain? Could a company based out of a Tier 2 city such as Kochi be able to attract high-quality talent easily? These were some of the questions that worried Navas. -
Clear Channel (B): The Fall, 2004-2016
Supplement to case 717476. -
Corey Thomas and the IPO
Corey Thomas, CEO of the company Rapid7, must decide if it is the right time to take the 15-year old startup public, as it stood poised to capitalize on what appears to be the next frontier for digital technology markets - cybersecurity. In spite of positive industry trends, there are some nagging concerns that this might be a risky time in the public capital markets. The company had just completed an acquisition and he had additional concerns that the public markets may not tolerate the inevitable early losses involved with the new acquisition. Moreover, the company's principal financiers are venture capital investors and an IPO or sale will represent an investment exit for them and their goal is return maximization. -
Interline Brands: Don't Stop Believing
Interline Brands, a leading distributor of residential housing maintenance and repair parts and equipment in the U.S., had just held its November 2014 board meeting. The meeting had been productive, but not without some soul searching for both the company's management team and financial sponsors. Was now the right time to start a sale process? In particular, the team wondered whether the capital markets would cooperate and how effectively the management and sponsor teams would execute. Moreover, the company had only been private for two years, and the value creation plan was only halfway through completion. While there was much to be done at Interline, the company had performed well and was gaining momentum. Interline was a rare asset in terms of the scale it had reached. However, there were still unknowns. Would buyers reward Interline with a high valuation multiple that reflected its acceleration in organic growth? Would financing markets remain healthy? Would such a process disrupt Interline's customers and employees? -
Financial Accounting Reading: Preparing Financial Statements - Statements of Income and Cash Flows
The objective of this reading is to enhance understanding of basic business transactions and their impact on the operations of a business. The reading's focus is on the statement of income and the statement of cash flows, two critical financial statements that are based on a concept of flow. The statement of retained earnings is also introduced in this reading. -
Financial Accounting Reading: Preparing Financial Statements - The Balance Sheet
The objective of this Reading is to enhance understanding of basic business transactions and their impact on the financial position of a business. With a focus on the balance sheet, this Reading defines assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity and utilizes the accounting equation to help think through the processing of everyday business transactions. Transaction analysis is presented, not to teach readers to become bookkeepers, but rather to help them understand how these economic events affect the balance sheet. This Reading includes one Interactive Illustration, which introduces a graphical representation of the Balance Sheet. Readers select from a list of possible transactions, and observe the effects on the Balance Sheet. This Reading also includes a short video, which centers around an interview of the owner of the small business (Ashmont Cycles) that is referred to as a running example through the reading. -
UEFA 2016: The Opportunities and Challenges of Connectivity
UEFA is considering how best to use the new technologies of the social era to improve fans' experience with football in Europe. The case describes the key challenges facing UEFA and raises the issue of how to introduce change in a successful organisation. -
Tiffany's CEO on Creating a Sustainable Supply Chain
Vertical integration, a major competitive advantage at Tiffany, is entrenched for two reasons: a deeply held belief that great houses of luxury should craft their own designs, and an equally strong conviction that diamond traceability is the best means of ensuring social and environmental responsibility. Tiffany's focus on sustainability began about 25 years ago, in the context of growing awareness about the toxic chemicals used in extracting precious metals and about "conflict diamonds" from countries at war. Since then the company has been an industry leader in addressing environmental and human rights concerns. Its stones are laser-inscribed with microscopic codes indicating their provenance so that Tiffany can ensure its chain of diamond custody. -
Strategy in the Age of Superabundant Capital
For much of the past five decades, financial capital was considered a scarce resource. Today, however, capital is abundant and cheap, and the authors expect that to be the case for another 20 years or more. They point out that global financial assets have been growing faster than global GDP, and they explain why that trend is likely to continue. They note, too, that as the supply of capital has increased, the cost has plunged, making it possible for many large firms to borrow funds for next to nothing. What all this means is that companies can no longer sustain competitive advantage simply by allocating capital skillfully. In this new climate, the authors argue, business leaders need to lower hurdle rates and change their investment strategy, moving away from a few big bets and instead pursuing numerous small, varied growth opportunities. Not all will pan out, but embracing the risk of failure is necessary for success. Executives must also recognize that human capital is the truly scarce resource today. Organizations need to manage their workforces as carefully and rigorously as they manage their financial assets, unleashing and supporting the talent within their organizations. -
Bursting the CEO Bubble
Although CEOs are charged with recognizing when their firms need a major change in direction, their power and privilege often insulate them from information that would help them perceive looming opportunities or threats. No one in the company wants to tell the CEO of problems, much less that he or she is mistaken. In interviews with 200 executives, Gregersen came across hardly any who didn't recognize this challenge. But he also saw that a few innovative leaders, like Walt Bettinger of Charles Schwab and Marc Benioff of Salesforce, have found a way to overcome it. Such executives take pains to get honest feedback from a broad range of constituents. They also venture off the beaten path, regularly putting themselves into situations where they are unusually uncomfortable, unexpectedly wrong, and uncharacteristically quiet. This helps them ask the right questions, discover new insights, and detect early weak signals of impending market shifts. -
Hiring an Entrepreneurial Leader
Aspiring to be innovative and agile, today companies of all shapes and sizes want to recruit entrepreneurial managers. But most firms lack a scientific way to separate the true entrepreneurs from other candidates. To address that problem, Butler compared the psychological testing results of over 4,000 successful entrepreneurs and of some 1,800 business leaders who described themselves as general managers but not as entrepreneurs. His analysis uncovered three factors that differentiate entrepreneurs: "thriving in uncertainty," a "passion for ownership," and unique "skill at persuasion." In this article Butler dives deep into the skills, mindset, and traits of entrepreneurs, explaining what the stereotypes about them often miss. For instance, they aren't always more creative or in love with risk, but they are deeply inquisitive, open to new experiences, and comfortable with the unpredictable. He also offers evidence-based, practical advice for interviews and resume screening that hiring managers can use to identify entrepreneurial leaders.