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The president of Loblaw Companies Limited must decide what to do in response to the rumoured introduction of Wal-Mart's SuperCenters (combining grocery and non-food items) in Canada. The potential launch of SuperCenters in Canada was seen by observers as a threat to Loblaw, the market leader in Canadian grocery. Wal-Mart is a vigorous competitor, and the Every Day Low Prices strategy of Wal-Mart's SuperCenters could wean away traffic from Loblaw's various banners.

The president and chief executive officer of Progistix-Solutions Inc. has asked an analyst to prepare an annual review of the Xerox Critical Parts Network for presentation to management in two weeks. The president expected the analyst to review the performance of the network and establish an improvement plan for the coming year, supported by specific goals and objectives. Although Xerox and Progistix had been satisfied with their relationship, after five years, both parties were interested in exploring ways to improve the network, particularly as competitors adopted similar approaches. In preparation for the meeting, the analyst wanted to explore opportunities in three specific areas. First, identify opportunities to improve depot operations. Second, he believed that opportunities existed to make additional improvements in the area of inventory management and he wondered how and where Progistix could work together with Xerox on such an initiative. Third, was to improve system-wide inventory turn performance by re-examining the cut-off point for filling the technicians' trunks with inventory. This case provides an opportunity for students to analyse a rapid-response supply chain and make recommendations for improvements. Class discussion can include issues related to supply chain partnerships, outsourcing, inventory management and demand forecasting. Data provided in the case allow students to develop implementation plans and set specific performance targets.

A junior process engineer at Pharma Laboratories in Cambridge, Ontario, prepares a report to recommend increasing the output of the manufacturing line that produces the drug Allegex. The increase would allow manufacture of the product to be transferred from a plant in the United States to the Cambridge facility. In addition to evaluating the financial viability of her proposal, the engineer must consider related qualitative issues.

Tsingtao Brewery Co, Ltd, the best-known Chinese beer producer in the world, had been surpassed in market share by Yanjing Beer in the mid-1990s due to its inefficient operations. From 1994 to 2002, Tsingtao Brewery acquired over 47 small and medium-sized companies and regained its dominant position in the beer industry. However, this resulted in many problems including increased levels of bureaucracy, lack of integration of corporate cultures of the acquired companies, lack of brand focus, low profitability and other problems resulting from the rapid expansion. In July 2001, the General Manager Peng Zuoyi suddenly died of a heart attack. Jin Zhiguo, his successor, believes he should change the company business strategy from 'growing large to become powerful' to 'growing powerful to become large', which focuses on post-acquisition integration.

In just 15 years, founder Huang Guangyu had turned Gome Home Appliance Co. Ltd. into the largest home appliance retail chain in China in terms of sales. However, the company faces several internal and external challenges. It is becoming increasingly difficult for Gome to attract qualified employees, to obtain capital for its continued growth and to ignore its competitors. To respond to these challenges and the changing environment of the industry, Gome's once retired leader, returned as the company's General Manager and has implemented a major reorganization.

Tsingtao Brewery Co. Ltd. had several problems due to its aggressive expansion from 1994 to 2002. This case reviews a number of initiatives which were implemented in order to address these problems. The initiatives include: downsizing, process re-engineering using ERP, redesigning of the incentive system, organizational restructuring, forming a strategic partnership with Anheuser Busch, integrating the culture and values of the company, and building a learning organization. This is a supplement to Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd. (A), product 9B05M063.

Subtle misdemeanors that are not illegal but rather blur the line between right and wrong can cause serious damage to corporations as they are both widespread and widely accepted. This author argues that over the long run it is the pursuit of both societal and economic value that yields long term and stable profits. The article highlights the economic value versus the societal value argument. While institutional structures in most capitalist countries reinforce the economic argument, economic arguments erroneously assume the existence of perfectly competitive markets. However, because the perfect market is an abstraction, negative externalities impact those who have had no role in, nor consented to the economic transaction. On the other hand, focusing exclusively on societal value yields extremely high short term costs and is likely to lead to closure when profits are persistently negative. The author argues that the either-or approach in the debate between economics and ethics has polarized the discussion and distracted attention from the space where economics and ethics converge and where potential solutions exist. Business should, like some have in the past, focus on building sustainable value. To do so, businesses should focus on the long term and invest in social processes, thus building greater resilience to changes in the market place while addressing social issues throughout the organization. The article also chronicles the advantages of active and up-front stakeholder engagement, community participation and involvement, and strategic decision making by using examples of social processes in companies such as Tembec Inc, Home Depot Canada and TransCanada Pipelines.

It's been slow in coming, especially compared to actions in the United States, but shareholder activism in Canada is gathering momentum, albeit somewhat slowly.

Earnings, for example, may surprise the street but boards that implement an Early Warning Summit will see it coming and be able to prepare for it and other surprises.

Representatives of the technology transfer office are preparing a commercialization strategy of a new peptide. The function of the technology transfer office at the University of Western Ontario is to prospect for suitable technologies for commercialization, to manage the patent protection for such inventions, and to identify ways to develop such inventions. Two licensing opportunities are being considered, both of which entail creation of a startup company. The representatives must evaluate options to determine which offers the best potential for the commercialization of the invention for everyone involved.

Royal Manufacturing Inc. requires an extension of its temporary $3 million line of credit. Holdbacks on contracts and several years of losses were causing a cash flow problem. The company and the bank must now assess the company's financial needs.

Leaders who have been stymied when trying to think outside the box will find a clearer path after reading this article.

Managers who think of pricing as a tool of strategy will see the results flow directly to their bottom lines.

An upscale ecolodge in southern Nicaragua hopes to achieve a 53 per cent occupancy rate within three years of opening, and has hired a management company to prepare a marketing strategy. Despite its proximity to Costa Rica and its focus on providing a unique luxury vacation retreat for one of the fastest growing segments in the travel industry - the ecotourist - the hotel faces numerous hurdles. The greatest challenge is to overcome Nicaragua's negative reputation, based on its recent history of political and social unrest, still fresh in the minds of tourists. The hotel must also operate within the country's rural infrastructure, characterized by interruptions in the power supply, poorly maintained roads and below-standard sanitation. Additionally, Nicaragua does not have a pool of skilled employees to work in the high-end service industry. The effects of these factors on the hotel's market positioning and market penetration rate are addressed in the preparation of the marketing strategy.

Due to differences in incentive compensation, work experience, and objectives, sales and marketing, in many organizations often clash. At Microsoft Canada, the national sales manager, Home & Entertainment Division and the group product manager for PC marketing are considering investing a recurring $1 million a year - 10 per cent of their combined promotional budget - to produce and maintain a consumer-focused website, Microsoft Home Magazine. This proposed investment comes at a time where sales growth is slowing in the firm's PC business. As a surprising twist for students, this case is unique in the sense that it highlights an example where sales and marketing work together to achieve a common goal.

The founder and chief executive officer of Global Source Healthcare was struggling with how to allocate sales resources among acquiring new accounts, penetrating existing accounts and up-selling existing accounts. Global Source Healthcare provided domestic and international staffing services to healthcare facilities. The company had been operational for a year and growth had been considerably slower than expected. What made this decision especially important was that the healthcare staffing market was experiencing a substantial downturn. Consolidation was occurring in the industry. Given the limited sales and financial resources of the company, this decision was critical to ensure the very survival of Global Source. Other issues that may be raised include understanding the sales strategy in the business and marketing strategy, motivating a sales force in a difficult, limited-resource environment, and understanding the trade-off between the length of the sales cycle and the size of the potential account.

Boots Group PLC, one of the best known and respected retail names in the United Kingdom, provided health and beauty products and advice that enhanced personal well being. The marketing manager at Boots was planning his sales promotion strategy for a line of professional hair-care products. The professional hair-care line consisted primarily of shampoos, conditioners and styling products (gels, wax, mousse, etc.) developed in collaboration with United Kingdom's top celebrity hairdressers. The marketing manager's challenge was to select one of three promotional alternatives - get three for the price of two, receive a gift with purchase or an on-pack coupon - for the Christmas season. He realized that the alternative he selected would have both immediate effects on costs and sales, but also long-term implications for the brands involved. His primary objective was to drive sales volumes and trade-up consumers from lower-value brands, while retaining or building brand equity.

The Walkerton tragedy, an E.coli outbreak that resulted in seven deaths and 2,300 people sick, was unprecedented in Canada. The medical officer of health for Grey-Bruce was told that a number of people in the Walkerton area had developed serious illness. E.coli was confirmed and the medical officer suspected contaminated water as a source of the problem. However, the public utilities commission had assured him that the water was fine. Still he had a bad feeling that Walkerton was the verge of a very serious outbreak. He wondered what his next step should be in the complex situation he faced; he did not have much data to act on. Supplements We Have a Terrible Tragedy Here (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F), products 9B05C023, 9B05C024, 9B05C025, 9B05C026 and 9B05C027, follow the events as they take place.

The Walker tragedy, an E.coli outbreak that resulted in seven deaths and 2,300 people sick, was unprecedented in Canada. A couple of days after the medical officer of Grey-Bruce was notified of a case of E.coli in the Walkerton area, he was still concerned about the source and of the outbreak and issues a boil water advisory. This is a supplement to We Have a Terrible Tragedy Here (A), product 9B05C022.

The Walkerton tragedy, an E.coli outbreak that resulted in seven deaths and 2,300 people sick, was unprecedented in Canada. With 100 cases of E.coli having been reported, the medical officer for Grey-Bruce was reasonably certain that the cause of the outbreak was the water supply, and stresses the urgency for the Ministry of the Environment to become involved. This is a supplement to We Have a Terrible Tragedy Here (A) and (B), products 9B05C022, 9B05C023.