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In July 2014, the president and co-owner of Sunshine Fresh Inc. (Sunshine), a food service manufacturing company in Totowa, New Jersey, needed to make a decision about the best location for the company’s new West Coast expansion. Sunshine had built a strong reputation on the U.S. East Coast for high-quality refrigerated kosher pickles. Among Sunshine’s most valued clients were several casinos located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada. Recently, a food purchaser for one these casinos casually mentioned to Sunshine’s vice-president that his casino’s customers in Las Vegas would love to have Sunshine’s pickles too. This brief exchange led to an expansion plan that required Sunshine to choose a location for its West Coast operation. The company’s managers had visited several cities in the Western United States to explore their options, and had carefully weighed the pros and cons of the two main contenders—Los Angeles, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada—against five essential criteria. Now, they needed a firm decision: Which metropolitan area was the best location for Sunshine’s new pickle plant?

Founded in May 2008 in India, Indus OS (previously known as Firstouch) understood the latent language needs of 90 per cent of Indian consumers, a need that prevented users from switching from their basic-feature phones to smartphones. Through incremental innovation of the open Android system, Indus OS launched the world’s first smartphone operating system that had the ability to function in 12 of India’s regional languages. Through strategic partnerships formed in 2015 with some of the leading smartphone manufacturers in India, by May 2016 Indus OS had become the second most popular operating system in the Indian market, following Google’s Android and leading Apple’s iOS. Moreover, Indus OS had firm strategic growth plans, not only for India but also for international markets like China and Bangladesh. The remaining critical issue was whether Indus OS could sustain its advantage over rivals or whether it was likely to be acquired by a large multinational corporation, a fate common to other successful start-ups in India.

In July 2014, the president and co-owner of Sunshine Fresh Inc. (Sunshine), a food service manufacturing company in Totowa, New Jersey, needed to make a decision about the best location for the company's new West Coast expansion. Sunshine had built a strong reputation on the U.S. East Coast for high-quality refrigerated kosher pickles. Among Sunshine's most valued clients were several casinos located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada. Recently, a food purchaser for one these casinos casually mentioned to Sunshine's vice-president that his casino's customers in Las Vegas would love to have Sunshine's pickles too. This brief exchange led to an expansion plan that required Sunshine to choose a location for its West Coast operation. The company's managers had visited several cities in the Western United States to explore their options, and had carefully weighed the pros and cons of the two main contenders-Los Angeles, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada-against five essential criteria. Now, they needed a firm decision: Which metropolitan area was the best location for Sunshine's new pickle plant?

In 2013, Street League Skateboarding, a professional skateboarding league founded in 2010, just concluded its annual Street League World Tour. The growing action sports property had purchased time on ESPN2 to air its events, and though ESPN was the most-watched sports television network in the U.S., Street League President Brian Atlas had become impatient with the network's lack of support. Atlas planned to meet with network representatives in the coming months to discuss their 2014 contract, but was recently approached by FOX Sports, which had just launched the new FOX Sports 1 cable television network and was working to sign sports properties. Atlas considered Street League's relationship with ESPN, the league's finances, and attempts to raise capital. For a new action sports property such as Street League, what business model made the most sense?

Focused ultrasound (FUS) technology is an early stage, noninvasive therapeutic technology with the potential to transform the treatment of many medical disorders by using ultrasonic energy to target tissue deep in the body without incisions or radiation. The technology had the potential to improve outcomes and decrease costs by serving as an alternative or complement to surgery, radiation therapy, drug delivery, and immunotherapy.

In January 2017, the owner of Re-Matt Inc. (Re-Matt), a mattress recycling operation, was considering the way forward for the business he had developed in the city of Calgary, Alberta. Re-Matt was a unique enterprise in Alberta where municipalities, both urban and rural, had been categorizing mattresses as waste, and sending them to landfills for disposal, for decades. Re-Matt’s business was diverting used mattresses from landfills and recycling them by routing their individual components back into the economic streams and recovering value. The company had reached an annual revenue of CA$500,000 in just two years. Its owner was now weighing his options with respect to scaling up Re-Matt’s operations, as well as trying to identify ways of differentiating Re-Matt from its potential competition.

It was September 28, 2015 when Murray Sawchuck, an award-winning magician and headline performer in Las Vegas received an e-mail from Seth Leach, a young, but accomplished creator of viral videos based in Denver, Colorado. Leach felt strongly that Sawchuck’s talent for magic and comedy had great social media potential and that a meaningful collaboration could be developed between them. An initial test video was recorded and was an instant viral success with more than 100 million views across all social media platforms. Sawchuck could not decide if it was just luck or whether there really was a success formula for creating viral videos that was reliable and replicable. He also was unsure just how to leverage his brand as an entertainer through these videos such that there would be tangible value created from them.

Zilingo, a play on the word 'Zillions', is an online e-commerce platform for selling fashion products and was founded by Ankiti Bose and Dhruv Kapoor in Bangkok in 2015. Established with the vision of providing the small seller in South East Asia with an efficient online platform to sell their products, Zilingo had grown 25% month-on-month in its second year of operation. The Zilingo e-commerce platform is driven by data analytics-driven research tools to enable small sellers to target demand from customers and drive sales efficiently. Reports generated by the platform encompass buyer statistics, supplier statistics, fashion trends and buyer preferences. Suppliers can manage logistics through third-party logistics partners available on the platform, and better sell their products by using the myriad tools available on the mobile-friendly app to upload images of their products, manage inventory, schedule pickups, track orders, consult on price-setting, and even liaise with third-party loan providers. Zilingo had also built a significant consumer base by December 2017, with seller hubs in Hong Kong, Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and China. The company had also proved to be one of the fastest growing e-commerce businesses in South East Asia and had been able to raise substantial funding (US$27 million) within its first two years of operation. In April 2018, the company had raised US$ 54 million in funding, making it among the top ten funded startup companies in Singapore. The company has also launched its B2B product in the US market in line with its market strategy of quickly growing its customer base as well as its geographic base.

Structo is a technology start-up conceived by Huub van Esbroeck and six other mechanical engineering undergraduates from National University Singapore (NUS) in 2014. The founding team at Structo had built a prototype of a 3D printer which could print four times faster than the 3D printers available in the market within the same price bracket. After building their proof-of-concept machine, the team had approached 3D printing service bureaus to sell their product. They discovered that their printer had to be heavily customised to meet the diverse needs of various printing jobs performed by service bureaus. Structo was a small start-up with limited funding and resources, and hence building customised printers was a nonviable business model for the firm. The company had to either find a new target customer base or identify large funding partners to sustain its business. Coincidently, the Structo team received a phone call from a dental practitioner in Singapore and discovered that their printer could meet the needs of dental practitioners with virtually no customisation. The 'Eureka' moment provided a new burst of enthusiasm. However, Structo soon discovered that unlike its first customer, most dental practitioners approached dental labs for their 3D printing needs. The Structo team pivoted their business model to suit the needs of dental labs, and the business took flight. By 2018, Structo's business had grown significantly. The company had also forayed into 3D printing materials business and started building its material. However, the company's medium-term goal and primary focus were to grow in the dental market. Structo was gradually transitioning from start-up phase to a growth phase in its entrepreneurial journey. Van Esbroeck now wondered how Structo could scale its business rapidly. How could Structo prepare itself as an organisation for the next stage of growth?

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 1 reviews the literature to highlight the nature of entrepreneurship, as well as the differences between market-driven and technology-driven entrepreneurship. This review facilitates the development of guidelines that can increase the success of technological entrepreneurship.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 2 presents guidelines for understanding the traits and behaviors of technological entrepreneurs.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 3 considers challenges associated with the creation and management of entrepreneurial enterprises.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 4 examines the nature of opportunity recognition in regard to idea generation and development activity within the technological venture.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 5 focuses on how perceiving and understanding changes in the macroenvironment can lead to the recognition and subsequent development of technological opportunities.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 6 examines the nature of the competencies required to engage successfully in technological entrepreneurship.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 7 argues that the initial launch of entrepreneurial products and services occurs because of intuition rather than logic-based strategy. It thus examines how emergent strategies can be created, developed, and evolved through market experience.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 8 examines the unique organizational processes involved in managing technological entrepreneurship.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Because success in radical innovation usually involves the acquisition of new knowledge, Chapter 9 identifies guidelines for acquiring and using such knowledge during the entrepreneurship process.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 10 identifies guidelines for how to exploit technological entrepreneurship to develop and expand opportunities in the service sector.

Maximizing the wealth of organizations involves "creative destruction," when scientific or technological breakthroughs lead to the launch of a radically new product or service despite little evidence that a market opportunity exists. The management of technology-driven entrepreneurship is different from market-driven entrepreneurship. It is thus necessary to identify guidelines that can help ensure the success of technological entrepreneurship projects in start-ups and existing businesses. This text draws upon academic theory and case materials to define ways to optimize the outcomes of technological entrepreneurship. Chapter 11 identifies guidelines for how to exploit technological entrepreneurship to develop and expand opportunities in the health-care sector.