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Although most companies have collected lots of friends and followers on social platforms such as Facebook, few have succeeded in generating profits there. That's because they merely port their digital strategies into social environments by broadcasting their commercial messages or seeking customer feedback. To succeed on social platforms, says Harvard Business School's Piskorski, businesses need to devise social strategies that are consistent with users' expectations and behavior in these venues-namely, people want to connect with other people, not with companies. The author defines successful social strategies as those that reduce costs or increase customers' willingness to pay by helping people establish or strengthen relationships through doing free work on a company's behalf. Citing successes at Zynga, eBay, American Express, and Yelp, Piskorski shows that social strategies can generate profits by helping people connect in exchange for tasks that benefit the company such as customer acquisition, marketing, and content creation. He lays out a systematic way to build a social strategy and shows how a major credit card company he advised used the method to roll out its own strategy.

Cloud computing is a sea change in the way companies use technology; it's as inevitable and significant as the shift from steam power to electricity on the factory floor. Because criticisms of the cloud have gotten a lot of hype, however, many companies are hesitant to explore it. In this article, McAfee, a principal research scientist at MIT's Center for Digital Business, debunks commonly cited concerns about the cloud. When it comes to cost, reliability, and security, he says, the cloud promises to equal or better on-premise computing. Moreover, as the experiences of companies like 3M, the global contractor Balfour Beatty, and the consulting firm CSC show, cloud computing offers sizable benefits, such as improved productivity, easier collaboration, the ability to mine data for insights, and higher capacity without major capital investment. Here, McAfee walks readers through the three basic categories of cloud computing: "infrastructure-as-a-service" (the leasing of raw computing capacity), "platform-as-a-service" (the leasing of computers ready for software development), and "software-as-a-service" (the hosting of applications for users). Arguing that CEOs and senior managers need to take the lead on the shift to the cloud, he then outlines how companies can get started.

Global companies face a crucial question when they enter emerging markets: how far should they go to localize their offerings? Typically they try to sell core products or services pretty much as they've been sold in Europe or the United States, with headquarters calling all the shots-and usually with disappointing results. The authors, both of Harvard Business School, examined why KFC China has been able to find fertile ground in a market that is notoriously challenging for Western fast-food chains. KFC's executives believed that the dominant logic behind the chain's growth in the U.S.-a limited menu, small stores, and an emphasis on takeout-wouldn't produce the kind of success they were looking for in China. KFC China offers important lessons for global executives seeking guidance in determining how much of their existing business model to keep in emerging markets-and how much to throw away.

What does it take for an average manager to become a highly effective leader? There are countless books, models, and formulas for success. But the truth is that leadership transformation is deeply dependent on circumstances. The key for those who seek it is to absorb the insights that can be drawn from the successful experiences of others. During their in-depth study of seven CEOs, the authors uncovered seven interdependent metaphors, which they went on to test with more than 10,000 managers on four continents. They discuss four of those metaphors-fire, snowball, mask, and movie-here, in the context of individual managers' experiences.

When Ana Lobato was transferred from Streuvels Chemicals' Brazilian operations to the company's Brussels headquarters, she was eager to apply her considerable expertise in this foreign assignment and to expose her children to another culture. Her husband, Oswald, a doctor, seemed up for the adventure. But just over a year after their arrival in Brussels, Oswald is increasingly unhappy. He is not able to practice medicine in Belgium, and the research position that Ana's company helped him find is not all he hoped it would be. Anton Danois, the head of Streuvels's international mobility program, fears that Oswald's unhappiness will prompt Ana to consider moving back home to Brazil before the end of her assignment. In fact, Anton, who's been in HR only a few years, wonders about the logic of an international mobility program that is expensive, does not necessarily provide clear-cut returns, and poses problems not just for spouses but also for the employees who need to be reintegrated after their stints abroad. Experts John Bollman and Ann Judge comment on this fictional case study.

Frank Gehry is, at 82, America's most celebrated living architect. Though his creativity has made him famous, his approach to budgeting, client relationships, and project management have played a large role in his success.

When Ana Lobato was transferred from Streuvels Chemicals' Brazilian operations to the company's Brussels headquarters, she was eager to apply her considerable expertise in this foreign assignment and to expose her children to another culture. Her husband, Oswald, a doctor, seemed up for the adventure. But just over a year after their arrival in Brussels, Oswald is increasingly unhappy. He is not able to practice medicine in Belgium, and the research position that Ana's company helped him find is not all he hoped it would be. Anton Danois, the head of Streuvels's international mobility program, fears that Oswald's unhappiness will prompt Ana to consider moving back home to Brazil before the end of her assignment. In fact, Anton, who's been in HR only a few years, wonders about the logic of an international mobility program that is expensive, does not necessarily provide clear-cut returns, and poses problems not just for spouses but also for the employees who need to be reintegrated after their stints abroad.

When Ana Lobato was transferred from Streuvels Chemicals' Brazilian operations to the company's Brussels headquarters, she was eager to apply her considerable expertise in this foreign assignment and to expose her children to another culture. Her husband, Oswald, a doctor, seemed up for the adventure. But just over a year after their arrival in Brussels, Oswald is increasingly unhappy. He is not able to practice medicine in Belgium, and the research position that Ana's company helped him find is not all he hoped it would be. Anton Danois, the head of Streuvels's international mobility program, fears that Oswald's unhappiness will prompt Ana to consider moving back home to Brazil before the end of her assignment. In fact, Anton, who's been in HR only a few years, wonders about the logic of an international mobility program that is expensive, does not necessarily provide clear-cut returns, and poses problems not just for spouses but also for the employees who need to be reintegrated after their stints abroad. Experts John Bollman and Ann Judge comment on this fictional case study.

These vignettes are based on a fictional organization, Starling Systems, in which Jack Swain, Starling's COO, has been selected by the company's board of directors to replace the recently departed CEO. Jack must deal with four challenging situations in his early days as CEO. The first involves managing a difficult conversation with Robert Cortez, Starling's senior vice president of finance, who was also vying for the CEO position. Jack cannot use title or compensation to convince Cortez not to leave so must somehow come up with alternate reasons to compel this valuable management team member to stay. The second vignette deals with Jack's revelation based on a conversation with Starling's recently department director of business development that the company's vice president of sales may be mistreating his employees. The third vignette finds Jack in a sticky situation where he has offered the COO position to an outside candidate, and he now must explain to his vice president of operations, currently serving as interim COO, why she was not offered the position. Finally, Jack must deal with infighting between his top performing customer service representative and his newly-hired vice president of customer service.

In recent years criminal organizations have begun to mimic the tactics of legitimate businesses-becoming so sophisticated that they are now creating new best practices in adaptive strategy, supply chain management, the use of incentives, and other disciplines. Companies should study their techniques as a defensive measure, and also because they might well profit from some of the global gangsters' insights.

Facial symmetry, long seen as a sign of beauty, is also thought to lead to success. But new research shows that subtle asymmetries can actually better position people for certain leadership roles, and offers some reasons why.

Whereas brand names can "prime" consumers to react positively to a product or business, slogans often backfire, because people recognize them as attempts to persuade. Marketers should be aware of this backlash and avoid messages that can be seen, even subconsciously, as manipulative.

New research is upending the long-held belief that the desire for profit is what inspires innovation. Recent studies show that innovations by consumers who give their ideas away are outpacing innovations by companies that hope to sell them. And that throws the need for intellectual property protection into a whole new light.

Employers and employees alike benefit from choices that promote good health. But too often, companies refresh the cafeteria menu, offer discounted gym memberships, and leave it up to the individual to go from there. Research shows, however, that management's decisions contribute to morbidity and mortality at least as much as employees' own actions. Layoffs, long hours, failure to provide health insurance, lack of autonomy on the job, and general financial insecurity all promote ill health as a result of stress and its correlates. Furthermore, businesses don't always see the direct economic consequences of their actions. Companies must scrutinize their decisions carefully to encourage a healthier workforce.

The Old Boys' Club simply will not be dismantled. So, to rise up in the ranks, high-potential women must secure sponsors in the C-suite, where most executives are men. Smart companies are already facilitating this path to sponsorship so that their future leadership ranks reflect the full range of available talent.

Data from the executive search firm Spencer Stuart reveals trends in the makeup of boards of directors, comparing the years 1987 and 2011. Most directors are still white men, but they're older and more independent. As the role of boards has professionalized over the years, they have evolved from larger groups to leaner decision-making bodies composed of directors with specific skill sets.

The announcement that BP PLC, the world's third-largest oil firm, was going "beyond petroleum" generated scepticism from news media, indifference from investors, and outraged opposition from environmentalists in 2000. When BP's Alaska employees raised safety and environmental concerns in 2002, stakeholder groups, news media and regulators were drawn into the conflict.

The announcement that BP PLC, the world's third-largest oil firm, was going "beyond petroleum" generated scepticism from news media, indifference from investors, and outraged opposition from environmentalists in 2000. When BP's Alaska employees raised safety and environmental concerns in 2002, stakeholder groups, news media and regulators were drawn into the conflict.

Yahoo! faces a number of governance and strategic challenges in late 2011 as it tries to compete with rivals such as Google and find ways to monetize its shareholding and business links with Alibaba Group in China and Yahoo! Japan. The company is now valued at almost half the offer that Microsoft had made in its acquisition offer in 2008. The depth of the challenge is underscored by the frequent CEO changes the company has had, culminating in the recent firing of the latest CEO, Carol Bartz. The case examines the successes and failures at Yahoo! and the decisions now facing its board as it encounters investor pressure to improve performance.

The majority owner and general manager of City Furniture and Mattress (CFM), needed to make several decisions that would determine the company's strategy. CFM had continued to grow in terms of sales, but the general manager and his father, also an owner and manager at CFM, were concerned with profitability and the increasing competition from local and big-box stores. The general manager looked at several options including capital investment, expanding global outsourcing, and store network expansion and vertical integration.