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Illustrates many of the political and economic challenges that any industrial initiative must overcome.

In 1989, the performance measurement systems and compensation policies of Nordstrom Department Stores unexpectedly came under attack by employees, unions, and government regulators. The case describes the "sales-per-hour" monitoring and compensation system that many believed to be instrumental in Nordstrom's phenomenal success. Illustrates how rapid company growth, decentralized management, and unrelenting pressure to perform can distort performance measurement systems and lead to undesirable consequences. This product can be used with the free Job Design Optimization Tool (JDOT), available at: hbsp.harvard.edu/jdot

Outlines the issues and alternatives faced by start-up businesses in attracting bank credit. The topics covered are how to lay the groundwork for establishing a banking relationship, selecting a bank, preparing an application, and negotiating a loan.

The owner of a small, privately held company decides to sell out, and a group of the company's top managers structures a leveraged buyout. A rewritten version of an earlier case.

Spreadsheet supplement for case 191-002.

Describes the development of a new information technology-based trade document administration environment for the city-state of Singapore. A considerable effort, involving many governmental and private sector organizations, results in a new set of practices and procedures that positions Singapore for leadership as the port of preference in the Pacific Rim.

Examines Kaiser Steel's initial equity offering in 1950. The first case in a sequence that will trace the history of corporate restructurings that occurred 30 to 40 years later, in the 1980s. Subsequent cases examine foreign competition and labor unrest, hostile takeover attempts and LBOs, and bankruptcy and reorganization. Students are asked to recommend a recapitalization for Kaiser Steel in the context of steel industry competitive dynamics, Kaiser's ownership structure, and the U.S. capital markets in 1950.

As Symantec grew from a small, upstart software development company to a major player in the software development industry, the channels of information flow and the internal communication needs of the company became more complex. The geographically-dispersed structure of the company, in which product development groups stayed together, lead to the development of great products but hindered information flow. The top managers set out to facilitate information flow across product groups and within the company as a whole through both improving the information technology systems and bringing together employees in certain functional areas for regularly-scheduled meetings. A challenge for Eubanks, the CEO, was to balance the implementation of certain formal systems, and the maintenance of employees' entrepreneurial spirit and development of employees' managerial skills.

Effective presentations do not just happen, they are the result of careful planning and practice. The more appropriate to audience, situation, and topic your planning and delivery, the more likely it is that you will achieve your communication goal. An active, involved audience is one of the speaker's greatest assets.

Spreadsheet Supplement for case 291004

Spreadsheet supplement for case 590121.

Explores how a cost system can help support a firm's decision to change strategies. In the process, the students are introduced to a simple activity-based cost system. Siemens Electric Motor Works found itself facing an increasingly competitive environment and so made a decision to move from mass production of specialty motors to the production of small lots of custom motors. In doing so, they found their old cost system led them to poor decision making. By switching to a simple activity-based system, more accurate product costs were computed, facilitating better divisional performance.

Describes the perceptual mapping technique in a non-technical fashion. The procedure is useful for the depiction of the structure of the market. Discusses alternative methods, presents examples of each, and shows how the maps can be used in marketing decision making.

In many companies, strategic thinking has outdistanced organizational capability. Often these companies make the mistake of adopting elaborate organizational matrices that actually impair their ability to implement sophisticated strategies. Keeping a company strategically agile while still coordinating its activities across divisions, even continents, means eliminating parochialism, improving communication, and weaving the decision-making process into the company's social fabric. The goal is to build a matrix of corporate values and priorities in the minds of managers and let them make the judgments and negotiate the deals that make strategy pay off.

Logistics alliances are becoming commonplace in business today. Each party involves itself in the operations of the other, to the benefit of both. Often one party is a product marketer (sometimes two or more product marketers) and the other is a distributor or warehousing specialist. Fueling the drive toward logistics alliances is the escalating competitive environment that is forcing businesses to become low-cost competitors in order to keep prices down and maintain customer loyalty. To meld parts of two or more organizations into one smooth-running operation is not easy; turf battles rage. But trust is necessary because each party must not only perform its own task efficiently but also act on behalf of the strategic objective.

U.S. and European information technology companies face a choice: cooperate or become design and marketing arms of their Japanese competitors. As digital technology ushers in an era of inexpensive personal systems built from standard, mass-produced components, industries are converging to form a huge information technology sector. Companies able to manufacture components are gaining ground. This trend plays to the strengths of the Japanese; embedded in industrial combines known as keiretsu, they invest in technology and manufacturing, command the supply chain, and coordinate strategy to block foreign competition and penetrate world markets. McKinsey Award Winner.

Companies rarely achieve radical performance improvements when they invest in information technology. Most companies use computers to speed up, not break away from, business processes and rules that are decades, if not centuries, out of date. But the power of computers can be released by "reengineering" work: abandoning old ways of working and creating entirely new ones.

Service companies often cannot prevent mistakes, but they can learn to recover from them and thereby retain an unhappy customer. Recovery begins by identifying the problem, then acting quickly to correct it. Most important, service companies should give front-line employees the authority and responsibility to do what is necessary to correct a service mistake, even if it means deviating from the rules.

At Cypress Semiconductor, management systems track corporate, departmental, and individual performance so regularly and in such detail that no manager can claim to be in the dark about critical problems. The systems give managers the capacity to monitor all levels of the organization, anticipate problems, and intervene when appropriate without creating layers of bureaucracy.

An emerging synthesis of financial strategies, organizational structures, and operating philosophies is revitalizing the publicly held corporation by addressing deep-seated structural weaknesses. This synthesis reflects three insights: the power of entrepreneurial motivation, the impact of balance-sheet restructuring and strict financial discipline, and the benefits of decentralizing authority and ownership.