個案總覽

This case provides a three-pronged opportunity to explore a process for establishing an initial talent development plan for a growing and successful company desirous of investing in its existing managers and other potential management personnel. Students are presented with a generalized talent development framework, along with some company-specific facts and then are asked to flesh out pertinent parts of that framework in ways they see as purposeful and pertinent.

In March 2019, Kais Marzouki, Chairman and CEO of Nestlé Philippines Inc. (NPI), wanted his company to reach plastic neutrality at the earliest possible time. Globally, including in the Philippines, more and more consumers, governments, NGOs and media were concerned by plastic waste and pollution. Mark Schneider, Nestlé's global CEO, had recently stated his vision that none of Nestlé's packaging, including plastics, would end up in landfill or as litter. A few weeks earlier, Schneider had announced internally the group's ambition to have all of Nestlé packaging recyclable or reusable by 2025. How could NPI lead the way and mobilize all key stakeholders to achieve his objectives?

In March 2019, Kais Marzouki, Chairman and CEO of Nestlé Philippines Inc. (NPI), wanted his company to reach plastic neutrality at the earliest possible time. Globally, including in the Philippines, more and more consumers, governments, NGOs and media were concerned by plastic waste and pollution. Mark Schneider, Nestlé's global CEO, had recently stated his vision that none of Nestlé's packaging, including plastics, would end up in landfill or as litter. A few weeks earlier, Schneider had announced internally the group's ambition to have all of Nestlé packaging recyclable or reusable by 2025. How could NPI lead the way and mobilize all key stakeholders to achieve his objectives?

This case presents an interesting sequel to a successful product innovation called Carvaan. The product offering could be recognized as reverse positioning. In a market that had a proliferation of sophisticated technological gadgets, the retro-transistor-like device that could shuffle and provide Hindi music of yesteryear was welcomed for its simplicity. Managing Director Saregama India, Vikram Mehra, was confident that the hundred-year-old company could shift from a B2B to a B2C company with Carvaan. As a result, in the next two years, the firm came out with several product variants in quick succession. The latest in the line were CarvaanGo, launched in April 2019 and Carvaan 2.0 in June 2019. While CarvaanGo was a pocket-sized-iPod-like version of the original Carvaan, Carvaan 2.0 was an advanced version, still shaped like a retro transistor but loaded with additional features to enhance the listening experience. Mehra had great hopes that with these brand extensions, the entire music-listening consumer, regardless of age, could be targeted. However, as was evident from the sales figures, these variants had not been able to garner the same success as the original. It was quite clear that Carvaan 2.0 and CarvaanGo both needed promotional backing. The quintessential question was, should the Carvaan product range cover the entire spectrum of music listeners- both old and young- or would it be wiser to stay with the older generation.

This case features a family business working to better integrate the voice of the whole family into corporate governance. In November 2019, the Herschend Enterprises board prepared to elect its first family chair in almost 20 years. For several years, the business, which owned and operated multiple popular US-based theme parks and other entertainment offerings, had been governed by a majority independent board led by an independent chair and run by a non-family CEO, with an engaged but largely hands-off family ownership group. Third- and fourth-generation owners struggled with how best to provide input on company direction. This was partly because several longtime independent directors, who were deeply trusted by the family and knew the business very well, were able to shape decisions and wield influence with minimal family input. In this context, the family had recently formed an owners' council responsible for consolidating the owners' voice. But the inaugural council members recognized that family leadership in general remained concentrated among a few members who filled slots on the family council, owners' council, and board. The company therefore had no effective mechanism in place to consolidate the voice of the owners and assure this was heard in the boardroom. Instead, it relied on the individual voices of owners who reached out to independent directors or on owners who already served as family directors. Grappling with these challenges were third- and fourth-generation family and owners' council members Chris (the incoming board chair), Jim, Jonn, and Austin Herschend--all serving or former Herschend corporate board directors. They considered how best to unify and engage the family around issues such as advising and working with the board, engagement of the broad ownership group, determination of optimal profiles for owners' council members and family directors, and the looming decision of moving from an independent chair to a family chair.

Making strategy behind closed doors results in copycat, unimaginative, and biased strategies that often fail. Opening up your strategy-making process to participants from outside the C-suite and outside your company offers leadership teams access to diverse sources of external knowledge, exposes cognitive biases, and builds the buy-in needed to speed execution. The authors describe the steps leaders must take to successfully implement open strategy at their companies.

In 2018, automotive tycoon Carlos Ghosn was arrested in Japan on financial misreporting charges, followed later by charges of improper payments and misappropriation of funds. Over a year later, still awaiting trial, Ghosn organized his escape from house arrest in Tokyo to Beirut, Lebanon, where he held a press conference alleging an unfair Japanese justice system and political persecution. This case introduces the business and legal context surrounding Ghosn's case, and explores Ghosn's perspective and decision-making process from the time between arrest and escape.

In June 2021, Darden Restaurants CEO Gene Lee contemplates how to position the world's biggest full-service restaurant more than one year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

On June 9, 2021, the owner and director of S.I.T. Car Rental, which was located in Trinidad and Tobago, was considering whether he should upgrade his fleet of cars. The COVID-19 pandemic had negatively affected his sales in 2020 and 2021, although the owner was hopeful that he could increase demand by the end of 2021, once the need for pandemic-related lockdowns had ended. He had recently retired one of his older cars and so needed to decide whether he should purchase a new car to replace it or downsize his fleet. If he decided to purchase another car, he had to choose between a used economical vehicle and a new luxury vehicle.

O'Desi Meals was a food and beverage start-up based in Dublin, Ireland that aimed to deliver high-quality, healthy, home-cooked Indian food meals at affordable prices to customers who wanted delivery without compromise on taste or health. A second and more important objective that had driven the founding of the venture was to empower the population of underprivileged homeless individuals in Dublin. In March 2020, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected projected estimates for O'Desi Meals operations and revenues. Demand for meals and its subscription-based sales increased exponentially. The substantial increase in orders and popularity strategically challenged the venture's sustainability. To address this challenge, O'Desi Meals adopted two strategies: one short-term, to ensure sustainability (i.e., revenue generation); and one long-term, to ensure growth. Could O'Desi Meals become a successful and socially responsible authentic Indian meals provider by applying these two strategies?

On April 5, 2017, the lead link at Liip AG, in Lausanne, Switzerland, was reflecting on the past seven years. The digital services organization had gone through a rapid development, from a company with a team-based structure led by a top management team to a holacratic organization. A holacratic structure was based on a skeleton of roles and processes, with individual employees self-defining their work with the intent to help the company fulfill its purpose. However, was a holacratic structure sustainable over the long term for a growing company? What potential inefficiencies might Liip AG face under a holacratic structure and how could the organization overcome them?

Between 2013 and 2019, Natura undertook a set of initiatives to begin its digital transformation and accelerate the global expansion that resulted in it becoming the world's fourth-largest beauty group. Along with its traditional door-to-door operation, Natura opened new channels including e-commerce, mobile apps, and physical stores, while it accelerated its international expansion with the acquisition of the Australian brand Aesop in 2013, followed by The Body Shop from L'Oréal in 2017, and Avon in 2019. In the A case, the challenge for Natura CEO João Paulo Ferreira was to find the right balance between the direct-selling and other channel formats to market Natura, to enable it to thrive in the face of intense competition in the beauty and personal care market in Brazil. In this B case, Natura's business is back on the growth track as the company has successfully aligned the new digital channels with its door-to-door operations, but the details of the omnichannel transformation and digital transformation are still complex. The case set is appropriate for use in an MBA, Executive Education, or undergraduate course on marketing, digital transformation, financial services, distribution channels, brand management, or marketing metrics, and it would work well in any course module focused on sales management.

In 2021, the world's fourth-largest beauty group, Natura &Co, was in the middle of a digital transformation process. Originally a direct-selling company, Natura transitioned to a multichannel business through online and offline channels, while acquiring strong brands such as Aesop, The Body Shop, and Avon. In the A case, the challenge for Natura CEO João Paulo Ferreira's challenge was to find the right balance between the direct-selling and other channel formats to market Natura, thus enabling it to thrive in the face of intense competition in the beauty and personal care market in Brazil. In the B case, Natura's business was back on the growth track as the company successfully aligned the new digital channels with its door-to-door operations, but the details of the omnichannel transformation and digital transformation were still complex. In this C case, Natura's executive team decided to make progress in its digital ecosystem and undertake a digital transformation process by developing a financial-technology (fintech) business. Their choices were mainly between partnering with an existing fintech, buying a solution created by an existing fintech, or creating their own fintech. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic was spreading. The case set is appropriate for use in an MBA, Executive Education, or undergraduate course on marketing, digital transformation, financial services, distribution channels, brand management, or marketing metrics, and it would work well in any course module focused on sales management.

In late October 2020, hedge fund analyst Maya Botti was evaluating the decision to vote for the proposed merger of Forum Merger IIa special purpose acquisition company (SPAC), with Ittella International, a plant-based food company; if the SPAC shareholders voted in favor of the merger, Botti also had to recommend that the hedge fund's leadership redeem the hedge fund's shares in Forum II, sell the shares in the open market, or continue as shareholders of the merged company. The case provides an opportunity to discuss SPACs, including their structure; key players and participants in them; and their risks, rewards, and potential pitfalls. The case also provides an opportunity to discuss differences between regular IPOs and to compare and contrast IPOs to SPACs. This case can be taught in a second-year elective course on capital markets, financial institutions, and markets or capital raising. It can fit in a module that explores financial engineering and instruments such as collateralized debt obligations or that discusses ways of going public and contrasting them with regular IPOs.

Beyond providing increased opportunities to underrepresented businesses for participating in the procurement process, supplier-diversity initiatives offer substantive financial benefits to the buyer organization. However, significant challenges may be associated with designing, implementing, and evaluating the socioeconomic impact of supplier-diversity initiatives. This technical note is designed to introduce the concept of supplier diversity in supply chains and develops the socioeconomic and financial case for sourcing from diverse suppliers. It then describes a set of actions that professionals can undertake to source from diverse suppliers and discusses the challenges associated with managing supplier-diversity initiatives in supply chains. This technical note would be an appropriate addition to any operations and supply chain management class, particularly in a module focused on strategic sourcing and procurement.

Banking Circle (A): EQT, a global investor in private equity, infrastructure, real estate and venture had a long track-record of supporting the development of companies with significant growth potential. Its Venture equity unit had discovered Banking Circle, a fintech involved in the underlying payments infrastructure and disrupting the traditional correspondent banking industry. However, it passed on the investment. After Banking Circle showed significant growth, EQT Private Equity unit re-looked at the potential investment and had to figure out the right structure to hold the investment. Banking Circle (B): EQT invested in Banking Circle, and held it across two of its funds - a Venture fund and a Buyout Fund. It also led to a Growth strategy. After good growth from EQT, it was time to decide what to do with the investment - take profit and sell, or hold for the long term.

Banking Circle (A): EQT, a global investor in private equity, infrastructure, real estate and venture had a long track-record of supporting the development of companies with significant growth potential. Its Venture equity unit had discovered Banking Circle, a fintech involved in the underlying payments infrastructure and disrupting the traditional correspondent banking industry. However, it passed on the investment. After Banking Circle showed significant growth, EQT Private Equity unit re-looked at the potential investment and had to figure out the right structure to hold the investment. Banking Circle (B): EQT invested in Banking Circle, and held it across two of its funds - a Venture fund and a Buyout Fund. It also led to a Growth strategy. After good growth from EQT, it was time to decide what to do with the investment - take profit and sell, or hold for the long term.

China's agricultural sector is undergoing rapid transformation, but with growth come serious problems such as labor shortages, soil compacted by machinery, and chemicals (pesticides) that pollute the earth. In parallel, therefore, a major technological transformation is underway. The case follows JIFEI (XAG) Technology as it pivots from making consumer drones to agriculture drones, eventually becoming an agriculture tech company. It describes the automation and digitalization of the agriculture sector in China using JIFEI as an illustration of value innovation, penetration of the agricultural market, and a shift in core competences.

Insurance companies typically secure themselves under force majeure exclusions against the unpredictability brought about by acts of war. If a company were to be attacked by a nation-state in physical space - hit with a missile or by aerial bombing - there would be fairly clear carve-outs so their insurance company could exclude such an incident from coverage. But the same is not always true in cyberspace. This article examines an extreme outlier case in the world of cyberattacks and insurance - that is, the losses suffered by the U.S.-based food and beverage company Mondelez as a result of the NotPetya cyberattack - and scrutinizes just how far force majeure exclusions can be applied in cyberspace. The article attempts to reveal the significance of the legal qualification of a cyberattack and its attribution to a state for insurance coverage in both general insurance policies, like the one the Mondelez case stemmed from, as well as in insurance policies targeted to cover cyber risk.

At one time, Bed Bath & Beyond was one of the most successful specialty retailers in the United States-it's growth and profit margins far exceeded both peer retailers in the home goods market as well as many other discount retailers. But in 2014, its stock price peaked, growth slowed, and margins began to shrink. By 2018, it was losing money and sales were declining as online and discount retailers (e.g., Amazon, Walmart, and Wayfair) entered the industry. Noting the underperformance, a group of activist investors tried to replace the entire board and leadership team in early 2019. Although they did not succeed, the company replaced five directors, asked the founders to retire, and appointed a new CEO named Mark Tritton in October 2019. About a year later, Tritton and a newly installed leadership team announced a new strategy "to unlock growth and drive significant shareholder value." They also announced a new "financial roadmap" and capital allocation framework to deliver strong and sustainable total shareholder returns. The question is whether this turnaround plan could save the once-venerable retailer and help it regain a competitive advantage in the new, more competitive retail environment.