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In 1995, Titan launched the first branded range of jewellery - 'Tanishq' - in India's highly fragmented and disorganised jewellery market. Tanishq performed exceedingly well, attracting a large customer base that was assured of quality and purity. However, the jewelry business faced challenges on account of customer sentiments being impacted by inflation, uncertain economic conditions and rising gold prices. There was also concern that the young Indian woman was disinterested in jewellery. To address these issues, as well as expand the company's reach and customer base, the Tanishq team identified a hitherto neglected segment - working women. Within 12 months, it conducted activities ranging from customer segment identification and understanding, as well as defining the proper distribution channels, and launched 'Mia' - "the Tanishq for work wear, for the working women". Mia's design and retail strategy continues to evolve three years after its launch. But despite its growth, it is almost impossible to identify the market size of potential Mia customers. Moreover, the needs of these target consumers' are changing rapidly, and so, refreshing the range, while maintaining its affordability, is a challenge. How large would Mia's market be? Can it become a brand in its own right? Could it be the next Tanishq for Titan?

Part (A) of the case is about how Shashank Nigam, CEO of SimpliFlying Pte Ltd, a company based in Singapore, searches for the corporate strategy and vision for his company. SimpliFlying was founded in March 2008, and was originally a blog which commented on issues in marketing aviation. After thinking about how he could find a niche for his business, Nigam decided to sell his company's services by combining the three pillars of aviation, marketing and technology through social media. However, he recognised that he still needed to decide on the long-term positioning of the company - should SimpliFlying focus on strategy consulting, strategy execution (agency) work, or both? At the same time, Nigam's company was also receiving calls from hotels to help them with branding projects. Nigam needed to make a decision.

Strategically, Steve Jobs got it brilliantly right some times and terribly wrong other times. This case examines Jobs' development as a leader strategist over the course of his entire career. The successes and failures of Apple, NeXT, and Pixar are used to probe the role of strategy in organizational success and to examine a leader's distinctive responsibility to set (and reset) a viable course for a business. While Jobs' greatness may make him seem inaccessible at times, a closer look shows that some of his most valuable managerial capabilities were honed slowly, painfully, over time, and that there is much others can learn from his experience.

IBM traces its history to its founding as Tabulating Machine Company in 1896. IBM has experienced and survived multiple major technology changes most recently including the introduction of the personal computer, cloud computing, and growth in mobile technology. At times, IBM has been slow to respond, and following the disruption of its mainframe computer business by personal computers, the company experienced the largest single-year loss ($8.1 billion) in U.S. history. Following this loss, IBM reorganized and moved into complementary areas of software, service, and hardware. Under current CEO Virginia Rometty, IBM is yet again at the crossroads as it experiences increased competition with moves into new strategic venues. At the same time, IBM revenues are declining in existing areas. CEO Rometty is facing a falling stock price and 12 consecutive quarters with falling revenues. Questions arise whether continuing IBM's strategy will provide sufficient growth.

In March 2015, the U.S. television industry received a major wake-up call. HBO, a premium cable channel with over 30 million subscribers, had announced it would begin offering a standalone streaming service. This new service would allow customers to bypass the cable companies and get direct access to HBO's programming online. The announcement was followed closely by Brian Roberts, chief executive of the Comcast Corporation. Comcast was America's largest cable and internet service provider, having built a profitable business bundling television content and delivering it via cable networks to more than 20 million households. Broadcast and cable television was a $173 billion industry in the U.S., but the rise of on-demand and streaming services meant viewers had more options than ever before. What did developments such as HBO's new service mean for the future of Comcast, and for the industry overall?

During his tenure as CEO since 2005, Bill Nuti had moved NCR Corporation (originally National Cash Register) from its historical competence in hardware to become a provider of hardware and software for managing transactions across a range of industries and payments methods. Nuti envisioned a world in which consumers would use NCR hardware or applications whether transacting at a bank or ATM, purchasing clothes at a retailer, or checking into a flight at an airport-and in which NCR software would register the transactions, securely store and process the data, and use the transaction information to help NCR customers efficiently manage their operations. In 2011 and early 2013, NCR had made two major acquisitions of companies that were important providers of transaction software in the retail and hospitality industries. Now, in late November 2013, Nuti and his team were considering a third potential major acquisition: Digital Insight, a market leader in online and mobile banking solutions. Nuti saw Digital Insight as key to complementing NCR's offerings in the financial services industry, transforming it from a maker of standalone, electromechanical cash registers and ATMs into an "omni-channel, omni-commerce, software-driven company." Would this acquisition be the next right strategic move for NCR's transformation?

DMD Compresores was an Argentine SME specialized in industrial compressed air solutions. This case describes the company´s attempts to adapt to a new setting that hindered its path to sustained business and organizational growth. As DMD compressor sales became stagnant and profit margins were impaired by rising local costs, the company faced two new major challenges: 1) changing its culture based on using services to support sales to providing sustainable services, and 2) introducing and revising management systems to suit its new business model. What was his CEO missing as he looked for a way out of the crisis? How can they manage the key issues in order to align people and systems towards the execution of an adapted business model?

Beth Wozniak, President of Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls (ECC) at Honeywell International Inc., spun around in her office chair, reflecting about how the classic, mature thermostat industry was rapidly evolving. In February 2014, Google paid $3.2 billion to acquire Nest Labs, a new startup whose goal was to reinvent unloved home devices, such as thermostats and smoke alarms. Their smart thermostats posed a threat to the traditional thermostat business, and it was essential that Honeywell determine the best way to respond. In addition to selling thermostats, Nest had ambitious plans to facilitate connections between Nest and other companies, making it easier for consumers to save money and energy. Many companies were developing smart, connected products that could be controlled remotely. But who really wanted to check ten different apps to make sure the heat was down, the doors were locked, and the lights were turned off? The Internet of Things (IoT) redefined the potential of industries, allowing a company that created a smart, connected product to develop an entire system of products that worked together. How would Honeywell, the mature, industrial company in a basic, mechanical business, compete with the new startup bought by Google and developing its own ecosystem - notably giving away thermostats to AirBnB in return for selling data to utilities?

In late January 2009, the assistant deputy minister of Industry Canada was considering how to design the Knowledge Infrastructure Program, which had unexpectedly been assigned to the department in the recent federal budget. A $2 billion spending program focused on knowledge infrastructure, its projects were required to be completed within two years. The immediate goals were to provide a significant short-term economic stimulus and help create jobs during the economic recession. The long-term objective was to fund the modernization plans of universities and colleges. However, there were severe challenges that had to be met: the program must begin within 120 days; there were significant staff constraints in the department; the regulatory process and Auditor General's standards must be followed and met; accountability standards had to be addressed; and the political element (both federal and provincial) of project selection must be taken into account. How could the program be designed and administered quickly despite the department`s limited capacity?

This case describes the challenges pharmaceutical multinational corporations (MNCs) face in understanding and navigating the intricacies of patent law in India and what they can learn from key pharmaceutical intellectual property (IP) cases being fought in the nation's courts. Like most emerging markets, India is both an exciting new market opportunity for MNCs and a challenging and complex environment in which to operate. For instance, while the patent protection afforded to products and processes is stringent, at least on paper, its enforcement has often been problematic for MNCs and has thwarted MNCs efforts to operate profitably in India. The case study discusses some of the recent judgments handed down by the Indian courts in high-profile pharmaceutical IP cases (such as Novartis' Glivec and Bayer's Nexavar) with a view to helping students formulate strategies to overcome value appropriation problems in India.

In early 2010, Martin Grable, President of the Community Blood Center of the Carolinas (CBCC), was ready to move the first community blood center in North Carolina to a new level. In a strategic planning retreat, he asked the Board of Directors to evaluate seven strategic options and provide its expertise to assist in determining the future direction of the center: Increase provision of specialized blood services by 1. Pooling donors for sickle cell patients, 2. Offering cord blood storage, 3. Developing a therapeutic apheresis/transfusion service or 4. Become a Center that provides a reference lab for other blood centers in the region; 5. Improve blood inventory management software utilization for the region's current hospitals so that CBCC became their sole provider of blood; 6. Expand geographically serving more hospitals and patients; or 7. Re-double efforts to increase donations through additional collection sites, improved marketing, more attention to current donors, and so on. Although all of the alternatives were needed by the community, CBCC did not have unlimited resources. Further, health care reform loomed on the horizon. Clearly, to serve the community, CBCC needed to not only survive, but also thrive in the near term. Which of the alternatives would allow achievement of that goal for the newest FDA-licensed community blood center?

This case deals with how Sonata Software, an Indian software company, sought growth in Western Europe through TUI Infotec, a joint venture (JV) with TUI AG, a leader in travel and tourism in Germany. It provides a vehicle for reflecting on a firm's choice of a JV as a means for entering a new overseas market while building new competencies and buttressing competitive advantage. The case opens in Bangalore in May 2010, with B. Ramaswamy, President and Managing Director of Sonata Software, preparing for a meeting with his management team to review the performance of TUI Infotec. The case traces the history of Sonata from its spinoff from its parent company to the JV design and implementation. This case challenges students to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of this international JV, and to consider the decision of whether to continue the JV or to dissolve it when the revenue commitments made by TUI AG were set to expire in 2011.

Starbucks entered India in late 2012. This case explores Starbucks' globalization strategy, its success in China, and its vision for India. The case asks whether Starbuck can replicate its success in China in India.

This case examines the progress made by Starbucks in its first two years of operation in India.

Café Coffee Day (CCD) is the largest coffee retailer in India. In 2012, Starbucks entered the India market. This case explores CCD's competitive advantages, its analysis of Starbuck's entry strategy, and how it might respond to Starbucks' entry.

Part (B) of the case covers a specific project that SimpliFlying is handling. By November 2011, SimpliFlying had developed into a reputed aviation marketing strategy consulting and training firm. Estonian Airline's social media loyalty programme was not only SimpliFlying's second major airline project, but also the first airline loyalty programme in the world to be driven purely by social media. Despite the challenging timeline - only eight weeks from conceptualisation to launch - SimpliFlying had managed to deliver beyond expectations. However, Nigam had to consider if the approach he had used was the best way to implement bigger projects going forward.

This case is an update of "Coffee Wars in India: Café Coffee Day 2013." It explores Café Coffee Day's progress after Starbuck's entry into India and the decisions it faces in 2015.

Sodexo was founded in 1966 to provide food and catering services to businesses, schools, hospitals, and other institutions. When the French space agency, a client, asked the company to organize cleaning and maintenance for its base in Guyana as well, it was an early sign that Sodexo could extend its reach into previously unconsidered areas. Companies have outsourced so many functions for so many years that managing and coordinating the work of their suppliers has become a significant challenge. Some of them realize that working with a single integrated provider such as Sodexo--which now manages everything from employee cafeterias to HVAC systems, landscaping, incentive programs, and employee benefits--is far easier. Over the past decade Sodexo has diversified broadly and globally while observing four basic rules: (1) Be true to the business model. Almost all Sodexo's services can be provided by an individual or a team and don't require capital investments in property or serious machinery. (2) Make people happy and productive. An orientation toward the needs of the individuals who actually use the company's services guides choices about what Sodexo will or will not do. (3) Help clients execute strategy. Direct dialogue with top management differentiates the company and demonstrates that its offerings are not just commodities. (4) Rely on employees, not subcontractors. Sodexo owns the businesses it's in and works hard to motivate and develop its employees.

As established markets become less profitable, companies increasingly need to find ways to create and capture new markets. Despite much investment and commitment, most firms struggle to do this. What, exactly, is getting in their way? The authors of the best-selling book "Blue Ocean Strategy" have spent over a decade exploring that question. They have seen that the trouble lies in managers' mental models--ingrained assumptions and theories about the way the world works. Though these models may work perfectly well in mature markets, they undermine executives' attempts to discover uncontested new spaces with ample potential (blue oceans) and keep companies firmly anchored in existing spaces where competition is bloody (red oceans). This article describes how to break free of these red ocean traps. To do that, managers need to: (1) Focus on attracting new customers, not pleasing current customers; (2) Worry less about segmentation and more about what different segments have in common; (3) Understand that market creation is not synonymous with either technological innovation or creative destruction; and (4) Stop focusing on premium versus low-cost strategies.

For professional services firms, the only way to address clients' most complex issues is for specialists to work together across the boundaries of their expertise. When they do, their firms earn higher margins, inspire greater client loyalty, and gain a competitive edge. The author's research shows that the more practice groups involved in a client engagement, the greater the average annual revenue the client generates. And the more cross-specialty work professionals engage in, the more work they will subsequently get and the more they'll be able to charge for it. But although the financial benefits to the firm of multidisciplinary collaboration are clear, the benefits to individuals accrue slowly--and the downsides are immediate. The organizational structure, compensation systems, and cultures in many firms favor "rock stars, not the whole band." Moreover, learning to collaborate effectively is difficult. Both individuals and firms can encourage the kind of collaboration that lands high-value client work. Professionals, for instance, can reap the benefits sooner by establishing themselves with an influential colleague who can help them build connections to specialists across the firm. And leaders can take steps to lower the cultural and structural barriers to cross-disciplinary work.