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H&M, Rana Plaza, and Beyond: Fast Fashion Under the Microscope
"This case is set in August 2021, eight years after the Rana Plaza collapse in Bangladesh, which remains the deadliest fashion-garment incident to date. The case's central issue: What is the most effective way for the major fashion retailer H&M to ensure safety for workers within its supply chain? This is explored from the point of view of H&M's fictional head of sustainability, Kristina Nilsson. Questions that Nilsson must address include: Should H&M re-sign the existing International Accord for Health and Safety in the Textile and Garment Industry ("International Accord"), an about-to-expire, multi-company pact to ensure factory safety? What are alternatives to the International Accord? What internal and external factors are at play that must be considered? How can Nilsson and other executives prove that H&M is a leader in social and environmental issues? This case study is an educational tool that highlights the concepts of corporate social responsibility and ethics as they relate to supply chain management issues such as subcontracting labor to Global South countries and worker's rights in terms of health, safety standards, and living wage." -
Graphic Packaging: Project Cowboy (D)
Analyzes the company's decision on Project Cowboy following the events described in the C Case -
Grittiness at Convene
Based in New York, Convene was founded in 2009 by Ryan Simonetti and Chris Kelly. Convene was founded on the question: "What if you ran an office building like a hotel?" The company offered a premium corporate events and workspace product. Convene initially took a measured approach to growth, but in 2018, company leadership accelerated that growth. 2019 was a record year from a revenue perspective. However, the pandemic forced Convene to close all of its locations and reduce staff and operating expenses. In April 2022, Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) announced that it was taking a majority stake in Convene, marking the beginning of yet another chapter for the company. -
Affective Leadership in Agile Teams
Agile management prescribes a set of structures and processes to help teams respond to change. This article presents an in-depth case study examining how high- and low- agility nursing teams differed in their response to the COVID-19 pandemic, organizational restructuring, and floods. It unveils the crucial role of "affective leaders" in high-agility teams during those crises. These leaders constructed positive emotional experiences for their teams to successfully respond to adversity. The findings remind scholars and practitioners that agile management's founding tenet of "valuing individuals and interactions" implies understanding, working with, and actively recalibrating emotions. -
Tackling scope 3 emissions through partnerships
Companies are now aiming to decarbonize their supply chains by tackling scope 3 emissions (indirect emissions along the value chain). Scope 3 emissions are difficult for companies to manage because they reside outside the companies' direct control, and for this reason, they always require partnerships. However, partnerships are not easy, and it is difficult to determine exactly which partnership will best achieve the desired sustainability objectives. This case study focuses on the sustainability partnership portfolio of ZUCCA, a fictitious company in the food and agriculture sector that is looking to dramatically reduce its scope 3 emissions. ZUCCA's new chief sustainability officer (CSO) is considering the future of the company's sustainability partnerships portfolio and evaluating which partnership will best help the company dramatically reduce scope 3 emissions. The CSO considers partnering with three different NGOs: the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD); World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF); and the World Economic Forum (WEF). -
Sober Sidekick
Case on the nascent business model of a mobile health IT startup. In particular, should they pivot away from their successful lead generation business model to charging health plans. -
Communities In Schools (Atlanta): Innovating a College Program
Frank Brown, CIS of Atlanta's new Black CEO, was keen to extend CIS's well-honed case management in schools program to youth in college. Founded 50 years ago by Bill Milliken, CIS, a network of 110 affiliates, had built a strong program of assisting and supporting youth in poverty schools to complete their high school education. CIS Atlanta's thrust which would be a new stretch for the network had the strong backing of the network's new national CEO, Rey Saldana, a CIS alum himself. Under Saldana, the organization had won two major grants of $133.5 million and $165 million recently, which could be put to use. The case wrestles with the question of what should the network do? What should the Atlanta affiliate do? -
Investing in the Climate Transition at Neuberger Berman
By mid-2023, Neuberger Berman (NB), an active asset manager, had grown its assets under management to about half a trillion dollars and took pride in its client centricity and innovative spirit. Responding to client demand for investment products that integrated climate-related risks and opportunities, NB had designed an innovative measurement system, the Net Zero Alignment Indicator, assessing companies' alignment with the world's goal to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, built engagement capabilities among its research analysts and portfolio managers, and offered several investment products across asset classes and geographies. While most climate transition strategies almost completely divested from the energy sector and relied on a single quantitative data metric, NB's approach invested in energy and other high carbon intensive companies, used a plethora of quantitative metrics and qualitative analyst judgments, engaged with management leveraging bottom-up fundamental analysis, and over time re-assessed firm alignment with net zero goals. Given that NB's climate transition approach included high carbon emitters and its complexity, how could NB communicate its approach effectively to asset allocators? A second question revolved around "how high to set the bar." NB had to make critical design choices regarding the Net Zero Alignment Indicator and derivative investment strategies that would have significant implications for the climate transition and clients. Lastly, climate focused funds had seen significant inflows in China and NB wanted to integrate its net zero alignment indicator into the construction of investment products there. Given this, should the net zero transition alignment standards be different across geographies? -
Dan McCrum - Unmasking Wirecard
Dan McCrum, an investigative journalist for the Financial Times, had spent the past six years fighting to expose German payment processing firm Wirecard. The company had enjoyed years of exponential growth and was viewed by several investors as the poster child of Germany's tech sector. But to McCrum something smelled fishy and he couldn't help but wonder if Wirecard's true dealings weren't just hidden behind its complex business model. He started chronicling his suspicions of mass scale accounting fraud in his articles, but he could never had expected this would make him the target of several cyber attacks, spy operations and legal procedures. In June 2020, as Wirecard crumbles, McCrum reflects on his journey. -
Unmute! Effective Virtual Communication
Online meetings are now part of our normal daily routines. They are easy to set up, we have hardware to make them happen, multiple software solutions and high-speed internet enable the connection. But are we really good at communicating virtually? Did we really unmute? This multimedia case builds on a recording of a not-so successful meeting (we will refer to this video as "The Meeting") of a distributed team. The recording is not from a real-life business meeting but a plot scripted by the authors to point out learning content and enacted by professional actors. The 5.5 minutes meeting clip activates a set of challenges that we face in online meetings: - Unclear communication; - Missing connection between the members; - Lack of engagement; - Issues with the technology. During the case discussion students learn how they can master interactions online, create better connections with other meeting participants, and how they can maximize their online presence. -
The Kraft Heinz Not Company: A Joint Venture Opportunity
Due to health, environmental, and animal welfare concerns, increasing numbers of consumers have been switching to vegetarian, vegan, and flexitarian diets. This value migration in customer demand has driven consisten growth in the plant-based food market over the last 20 years, although at a slowing rate in 2022. Demand growth for plant-based products has provided an opportunity for startups and new ventures, as well as for legacy food producers in the United States. These companies entered the new plant-based food market using a variety of mechanisms including acquisition, organic growth, and partnerships. Powerful retailers such as Kroger, Walmart, and Whole Foods also entered the plant-based food market with private label brands. * In 2022, Kraft Heinz and NotCo announced a new joint venture (JV), The Kraft Heinz Not Company. Kraft Heinz in 2022 was the fifth largest food and beverage company in the world with a broadly diversified porduct portfolio. NotCo was a Chilean, plant-based, food-tech company that used artificial intelligence algorithms to produce plant-based food. The goal for the JV was to capitalize on the may strengths of Kraft Heinz including scale, product portfolio, commercialization know-ho and access to distribution channels, and on the unique leadership NotCo brought to the venture as a technology company in the food business. * The JV posed interesting challenges for Lucho Lopez-May, newCEO of The Kraft Heinz Not Company, LLC, as well as for the two separate companies Kraft Heinz and NotCo. How could the new JV best position to face the challenges of working with parent companies? Were there specific conflicts of interest that would need to be addressed early to manage different relationships and decisions across these organizations? Were the goals of the JV and the individual companies similar or different? -
Grundfos (A): "Be, think, innovate"
Poul Due Jensen (PDJ), the son of a Danish workhouse manager, had seen first-hand how harsh life can be. He understood early on that he needed to stand on his own two feet. After being orphaned aged 17, he worked as a machine operator, but soon founded his own water technology company, Grundfos Holding A/S, in 1944. He responded to a customer's need for a high-quality water pump by designing and manufacturing something completely new. As the company grew and expanded, its competency as a technological innovator and a quality employer became apparent. These dual passions were mutually reinforcing. A broadly educated and incentivized workforce pushed the boundaries of what was possible in providing water solutions to customers worldwide. The growing realization of the impact Grundfos' product line could have solidified the company's foundational commitment to helping the world's poor. Although the business was successful, PDJ - by now 63 - needed to think about the future. Of PDJ's four children, his son Niels was technically inclined and had worked in different positions in the company. He was ready to assume more of a leadership role. After speaking with colleagues and advisors, PDJ considered whether to change the organizational form of Grundfos from a company to a commercial foundation. A company owned by a foundation has greater focus on its purpose rather than the interests of the founding family. PDJ had seen examples of firms in which the family retained a leadership role in the enterprise, albeit from a distance on the foundation board. And a minority shareholding, along with the accompanying dividends, was often held by the founder's family. The foundation model seemed to hold real promise for Grundfos' future, but with less family engagement, would the corporate culture remain durable and authentic? Would being free of potential business disagreements keep his family intact? And would Grundfos still be a "family business"? -
Grundfos (B): "Solved in a better way"
Without much family discussion, PDJ put majority ownership of Grundfos into the Poul Due Jensen Foundation in 1975. His family would receive a 15% stake in the company. This ownership stake was important, since by Danish law, the company could be sold if family ownership fell below 10%. The 8-member foundation board would oversee the company's long-term strategy and apply its Grundfos dividends to philanthropic pursuits - water, research and social inclusion. The Due Jensen family held 4 seats; the remaining board members were chosen for their expertise. Day-to-day operations at Grundfos lay with its corporate board. PDJ died soon after this, and Niels became CEO of Grundfos. He focused on innovation, technical excellence and new product development. In 2012 Danish law changed its governance approach. The foundation board expanded to 12 members to accommodate 4 employee representatives, and the family's voting block fell from one-half to one-third. After 2nd generation Niels retired as CEO in 2003, three non-family CEOs held the role. Niels' son, Poul, was chosen as CEO in 2020. Grundfos had become the world leader in water pump technology, with a large workforce, a presence in 59 countries and significant revenues. Increasingly, the company leveraged the life-saving impact of its products, and its humanitarian efforts were widely recognized. Over time, family members seeking liquidity sold shares to the foundation, bringing the family's ownership stake in Grundfos to under 10% and raising the possibility of a sale. Individual stakes now ranged from 0.15% to 3.96%. The 4th generation of this small family had fewer interactions with Grundfos than previous generations. There were internships, special projects and participation in company events, but no pressure to work there. Grundfos has grown beyond what many may consider a family business and ownership is mainly with the foundation. But its focus on building a healthy and sustainable business is still rooted in its -
Royal Golden Eagle: Pursuing Cross-border Expansion with Bold Ambition
About how Singapore-based natural resources firm Royal Golden Eagle, starting with a palm oil business in Indonesia, eventually expanded into a global conglomerate that also included the kraft pulp and paper, viscose, and natural gas industries. -
Collaboration Wars: Slack vs. Microsoft Teams 2023
What's the future of corporate communications? Email? Corporate messaging? The battle for corporate messaging in 2023 was stacking up as a fight between Slack, which had been recently acquired by Salesforce, and Microsoft Teams. This case explores a classic judo strategy problem: how to compete against a giant competitor? Slack's new CEO, Lidiane Jones, had to devise a strategy against Microsoft, which bundles Teams with Office, and gives it away for free. Should Salesforce promote Slack as a standalone, superior product? Bundle Salesforce and Slack together? And, should Slack price its SaaS as a premium product or give it away to build scale and account control? -
BGI Genomics: Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility
BGI Genomics (BGI), founded in China in 1999, covered the entire field of genomic sequencing applications. During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, BGI's strategic corporate social responsibility initiative, developing coronavirus nucleic acid test kits, created shared value for BGI and society; brought revenue growth to the company; and won BGI acclamation from the government, media, and public. However, as the market competition in the COVID-19 testing business intensified, Zhao Lijian, chief executive officer of BGI, had to consider the company's next direction: Should BGI significantly increase investment in the COVID-19 testing business and shoulder greater social responsibility for fighting the pandemic? Or should it shift the focus back to its main business? -
Digital Transformation at Imptek Chova
The case presents Imptek Chova, an Ecuadorian manufacturer of waterproofing solutions for residential infrastructure looking for agility and efficiency gains through digital transformation initiatives. Juan Pablo Sotomayor, Imptek's general manager, was analyzing two ideas: the first, raised by the operations manager, considered automating the asphalt membrane production line through an Internet of Things (IoT) application; the second, suggested by the commercial manager, contemplated collecting critical information about final users through a physical warranty shield with a printed QR code installed in the company's residential infrastructure to geographically identify areas with a greater or lesser presence of Imptek solutions. -
Creating World-Class Board Governance at SECO
In Spring 2023, SECO CEO Massimo Mauri had the ambition to grow the €200 million revenue technology company to a €1 billion company by 2030. Founded in Italy in the 1970s, the family-owned company had gone through a period of growth and internationalization, facilitated by private equity funding (in 2018) and an IPO (2021). Its corporate governance had also evolved, but Mauri was eager for even more change at the board level. He wished to create a board that would partner with him in shaping the company's strategy and in challenging himself and his team on SECO's performance. What kind of board should that be and what steps should he take to make it happen? -
Rent Control in Boston, Again?
This case explores the merits and drawbacks of Boston Mayor Michelle Wu's proposal to bring rent control back to the city in 2023. It lays out the features, objectives, and potential unintended consequences of this policy, before highlighting the expected impact of rent control on tenants, landlords, and developers. In addition, the case looks back at Massachusetts' long history with rent control to better understand whether rent stabilization efforts enacted in the 1970s and repealed in 1994, following a narrowly decided state-wide referendum, were effective in increasing local housing supply and easing rents in the Boston area. -
Goodyear Tire & Rubber: M&A Synergies
In late 2020, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company (Goodyear)'s chief executive officer, Richard Kramer, told Cooper Tire & Rubber Company (Cooper)'s chief executive officer, Bradley Hughes, that Goodyear would submit an acquisition proposal by the end of the year. Goodyear had spent the last two years enduring global weakness in the automotive industry and the onset of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to Goodyear's stock falling 70 per cent below its high of $35 in 2018. Kramer attributed the stock's decline to an "industry downcycle," and one analyst speculated that a merger could provide much needed cost and revenue synergies. Goodyear had used mergers and acquisitions (M&As) to achieve scale and fuel its growth in the past, and Kramer's team needed to decide if a merger with Cooper could help them weather the downturn and emerge stronger. Kramer and his team identified several cost synergies, totalling $165 million per year. They also expected efficiency and tax synergies with a present value of at least $700 million as well as revenue synergies. Goodyear was considering using a combination of debt, stock, and cash to finance the transaction. To avoid earnings per share dilution from issuing too many shares as merger consideration, they were working with financial advisor J.P. Morgan to secure up to $2.314 billion of new debt financing. Kramer told Hughes that his team would work over the year-end holidays to provide "a revised proposal or other update" in January 2021.