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Best Practices to Avoid Behavioral Bias
People can be irrational in the financial market setting, leading to catastrophic mistakes and costing millions of dollars. We tend to take credit for our successes but disown our failures. We have limited powers of attention, preventing us from noticing critical factors in investment analysis. Memories can lead to faulty assumptions that serve as the foundation for financial decisions. Emotions often lead to giving inappropriate weight to some factors while discounting others. Researchers have discovered over 100 predictable biases that lead people to make consistent errors. The chapters cover financial biases most relevant to investing, evidence of how they develop, and practical strategies that can help investors improve their performance by minimizing bias's negative influence. This book offers readers a guide to cognitive bias as it occurs in real financial situations and to categorizing the different biases based on fundamental brain science while emphasizing practical implications of financial decision making and providing a scientific basis for adjusting investment practices to avoid cognitive traps. Chapter 8 provides guidance offering best practices and advice geared toward enhancing the decision-making process and minimizing the undue influence of heuristics and biases in the investment process. The main strategies discussed are using a rules-based investment process, active management, and limiting bias in the idea generation process. Further techniques within each of these strategies are also given. Taking an active role with this chapter will bring about the most benefit in improving the investing process. Employing these techniques will enable vigilance and objectivity without having to take on each individual bias one-by-one. Becoming a better investor is a constant endeavor; part of the challenge is recognizing how personal thinking is influenced by bias and adjusting processes to compensate. Knowledge about bias is only the first step. -
Business Analytics at a Glance
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the field of business analytics, which uses data, statistical analysis, mathematical and statistical modeling, data mining, and advanced analytics tools to explore, investigate, and understand business performance. The tools of business analytics give insight to and drive business planning and decisions. Descriptive analytics tools use statistical, graphical, and numerical methods to understand the occurrence of certain business phenomena; predictive analytics tools are used to predict future business phenomena; prescriptive analytics tools have applications in optimizing and automating business processes. Business analytics helps with informed decision-making in business and can be used to automate and optimize business processes. Data is an asset and can be leveraged for competitive advantage. Successful business analytics depends on data quality and skilled analysts. Business analytics is an organizational commitment to data-driven decision-making. -
Business Analytics and Business Intelligence
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. This chapter offers an overview of business analytics and business intelligence and outlines the similarities and differences between the two. Business analytics, types of analytics, and the analytics process are all explained. Different tools used in each type of analytics are discussed as well as their relationship and interconnection. These tools overlap in applications and a combination of these tools can be used in many situations. In comparing business analytics and business intelligence, business analytics, data, analytics, and advanced analytics all fall under the wide scope of business intelligence. Business intelligence tools include the business analytics tools but also include data mining, online analytical processing, and business performance management among other things. -
Analytics, Business Analytics, Data Analytics, and How They Fit into the Broad Umbrella of Business Intelligence
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. Chapter 3 builds on chapter 2, discussing how analytics, business analytics, and data analytics all fit into business intelligence and going further into the comparison between business analytics and business intelligence. Business intelligence is a technology-driven process for processing and analyzing data to make sense from huge quantities of data that businesses collect and obtain from various sources. It is both visualization and analytics. Various functions and applications of business intelligence are described, including but not limited to reporting, online analytical processing, and business process management. Business intelligence can combine external and internal data in order to create an "intelligence" that cannot be derived by any one set of data. Business intelligence along with business analytics can empower organizations and give them a better understanding of the existing markets and customer behavior. -
Descriptive Analytics-Overview, Applications, and a Case
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. This chapter provides a more in-depth look at descriptive analytics. Descriptive analytics tools are used to understand the occurrence of certain business phenomena or outcomes and explaining these outcomes through graphical, quantitative, and numerical analyses. A case is given to demonstrate the tools and applications of visual techniques used in descriptive analytics. Descriptive analytics is critical in studying the current state of a business and in learning what has happened in the past using company data. Knowledge derived from descriptive analytics lays a foundation for further analysis and leads to predictive analytics. -
Descriptive versus Predictive Analytics
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. This chapter starts with a discussion about what predictive analytics is and how it differs from descriptive analytics. While descriptive analytics is the process of exploring and explaining data to reveal trends, predictive analytics is about predicting future business outcomes. It uses several models that can be categorized into logic-driven models and data-driven models. A number of tools and statistical models are introduced, which are considered prerequisites to predictive analytics. Descriptions and application areas of these prerequisite tools - including probability concepts, probability distributions, and correlation analysis - are given. The understanding of these prerequisite tools is critical in understanding and applying predictive analytics models. -
Key Predictive Analytics Models (Predicting Future Business Outcomes Using Analytic Models)
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. Chapter 6 explains key models used in predictive modeling. These models are the core of predictive analytics and are used to predict future business outcomes. Explanations and application areas of each tool are given. The tools described include various types of regression models, forecasting models, ANOVA, data mining, machine learning, artificial intelligence, neural networks, and deep learning. -
Regression Analysis and Modeling
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. Chapter 7 gives an introduction to regression and correlation analysis. Regression techniques allow us to explore the relationship between different variables. Essentials to developing regression models are explained, including dependent and independent variables, the least squares method, determining the best-fitting line through the data points, calculating the slope and y-intercept of the best fitting regression line, interpreting the meaning of the regression line, and measures of association between the covariance and the correlation coefficient. Developing regression models to predict one variable using the other variable or multiple variables is also discussed. Successful implementation of regression models requires an understanding of different types of models. A lack of understanding may lead to drawing wrong conclusions and selecting alternative courses of action. -
Time Series Analysis and Forecasting
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. This chapter discusses forecasting and time series analysis, both major tools of predictive analytics. Forecasting deals with predicting future business outcomes using quantitative and qualitative methods and is used to make informed decisions. Many business planning production, operations, sales, demand, and inventory decisions are based on forecasting. Produce-to-order and produce-to-stock companies rely on forecasting for production and operations planning. Companies with good forecasting are able to balance demand and supply. The general meaning of forecasting applications and several models-including the simple moving average, weighted moving average, and exponential smoothing-are discussed as well as measuring forecast accuracy. -
Data Mining: Tools and Applications in Predictive Analytics
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. Chapter 9 provides an introduction to data mining and its applications to predictive analysis. Data mining explores patterns and relationships in the vast amounts of data that businesses collect. The information that is extracted is used to predict future business outcomes. Several data mining methodologies and tasks are described, including data preparation, knowledge representation, pattern evaluation, and descriptive and predictive data mining. Data mining techniques can also be categorized into supervised and unsupervised learning. Key methodologies of data mining include anomalies detection, association learning, classification, clustering, sequence, prediction, and time series and forecasting. The growing application areas of data mining are discussed, including applications in machine learning. The relationship between data mining and machine learning as well as different types of machine learning are also introduced. -
Wrap-Up, Overview, Notes on Implementation, and Current State of Business Analytics
Business analytics is an emerging area in modern business decision-making, gaining interest and popularity. This book discusses the models based on fact-based data to measure past business performance in order to guide organizations in visualizing and predicting future business performance and outcomes. Bringing terms, tools, and methods of analytics together, a comprehensive overview of analytics is given with an emphasis on predictive analytics. The book provides an introduction to and types of business analytics, the importance of analytics, and business intelligence. It also discusses the most widely used predictive models, including regression analysis, forecasting, data mining, and an introduction to recent applications of predictive analytics - machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. The current state, job outlook, and certifications in analytics are also examined. This chapter offers an overview of the text as a whole, describing business analytics and how it relates to business intelligence and statistical analysis. Data analytics, its applications, and business analytics models are all reviewed as are artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Business analytics can be divided into descriptive analytics, predictive analytics, prescriptive analytics, and advanced analytics models. This book focuses on predictive analytics, the techniques of which use mostly statistical models and algorithms to predict future business trends. The ultimate goal of business analytics is to improve business performance by making data-driven decisions through helping businesses increase revenues and profitability, improve operational efficiency, optimize marketing campaigns and respond quickly changing market trends, improve customer service efforts, address the needs and requirements of customers, gain a competitive edge over the competition, and increase market share. -
Introduction to Project Communication
Project Communication from Start to Finish is a five-chapter book by Geraldine Hynes, Ph.D., a communications expert, university lecturer, and author. Its key premise is that skills in project management are critical in a broad range of businesses and industries. A key knowledge area for project managers is communication. This book offers techniques and strategies that enhance communication in diverse environments. It offers innovative ways to bridge cultural gaps, increase understanding, and ensure project success. Project managers will learn how to build trust and rapport, manage conflict, listen, communicate expectations, give performance feedback, and overcome communication barriers. A look to the future includes best practices for using emerging technology when communicating with distributed teams. This book's concise format makes it a readable, practical guide, and it can also be used as a reference for fixing the most frequent communication breakdowns. Cases and examples are presented to illustrate applications of the communication principles from a project's start to finish. This chapter begins by explaining that communication is a key knowledge area for project managers and presents research findings that show the correlation between communication effectiveness and project success as well as organizational success. It then introduces the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (the PMBOK Guide), the premier resource for project managers, particularly the sections of the Guide that focus on communication competencies for project managers. In the third section of this chapter, project life cycles are described, as well as the role of communication at each stage of the life cycle. Finally, the chapter provides an overview of the book's conceptual model "The Sequence for Success"-and shows how the model embodies ideas that are found in the PMBOK Guide. -
Communication Cornerstones
Project Communication from Start to Finish is a five-chapter book by Geraldine Hynes, Ph.D., a communications expert, university lecturer, and author. Its key premise is that skills in project management are critical in a broad range of businesses and industries. A key knowledge area for project managers is communication. This book offers techniques and strategies that enhance communication in diverse environments. It offers innovative ways to bridge cultural gaps, increase understanding, and ensure project success. Project managers will learn how to build trust and rapport, manage conflict, listen, communicate expectations, give performance feedback, and overcome communication barriers. A look to the future includes best practices for using emerging technology when communicating with distributed teams. This book's concise format makes it a readable, practical guide, and it can also be used as a reference for fixing the most frequent communication breakdowns. Cases and examples are presented to illustrate applications of the communication principles from a project's start to finish. Chapter 2 is designed to help project managers learn strategies and techniques for communicating in agile and waterfall methods of project management; overcoming communication barriers; appreciating diversity; and developing cultural competence. It begins by demonstrating the importance of communication in two typical methods of project management-agile and waterfall. It then lays two "cornerstones" or basic concepts that are the foundation on which the Sequence for Success model of project management, introduced in Chapter 1, is built. The first cornerstone is diversity appreciation (Figure 2.1). The chapter also suggests several communication strategies that you, as a project manager, can adopt to capitalize on the advantages of workforce diversity. In the final section, the chapter identifies and defines the model's other cornerstone, cultural competence. -
Formal Interpersonal Communication
Project Communication from Start to Finish is a five-chapter book by Geraldine Hynes, Ph.D., a communications expert, university lecturer, and author. Its key premise is that skills in project management are critical in a broad range of businesses and industries. A key knowledge area for project managers is communication. This book offers techniques and strategies that enhance communication in diverse environments. It offers innovative ways to bridge cultural gaps, increase understanding, and ensure project success. Project managers will learn how to build trust and rapport, manage conflict, listen, communicate expectations, give performance feedback, and overcome communication barriers. A look to the future includes best practices for using emerging technology when communicating with distributed teams. This book's concise format makes it a readable, practical guide, and it can also be used as a reference for fixing the most frequent communication breakdowns. Cases and examples are presented to illustrate applications of the communication principles from a project's start to finish. Chapter 3 focuses on helping project managers learn strategies and techniques for various situations that entail formal interpersonal communication, including: receiving formal communications-listening, responding, and asking questions; communicating performance expectations; delivering negative information and corrective feedback; giving positive performance feedback; conducting formal performance reviews; and managing conflict. -
Informal Interpersonal Communication
Project Communication from Start to Finish is a five-chapter book by Geraldine Hynes, Ph.D., a communications expert, university lecturer, and author. Its key premise is that skills in project management are critical in a broad range of businesses and industries. A key knowledge area for project managers is communication. This book offers techniques and strategies that enhance communication in diverse environments. It offers innovative ways to bridge cultural gaps, increase understanding, and ensure project success. Project managers will learn how to build trust and rapport, manage conflict, listen, communicate expectations, give performance feedback, and overcome communication barriers. A look to the future includes best practices for using emerging technology when communicating with distributed teams. This book's concise format makes it a readable, practical guide, and it can also be used as a reference for fixing the most frequent communication breakdowns. Cases and examples are presented to illustrate applications of the communication principles from a project's start to finish. Chapter 4 focuses on helping project managers learn strategies and techniques for interpersonal communication competencies that can be applied in informal settings, such as: developing trust; developing emotional intelligence; increasing employee engagement; and building rapport. These conversations will help you get along with your project team, sponsors, and stakeholders and increase the likelihood of a project's success. -
Project Success in a Global Context
Project Communication from Start to Finish is a five-chapter book by Geraldine Hynes, Ph.D., a communications expert, university lecturer, and author. Its key premise is that skills in project management are critical in a broad range of businesses and industries. A key knowledge area for project managers is communication. This book offers techniques and strategies that enhance communication in diverse environments. It offers innovative ways to bridge cultural gaps, increase understanding, and ensure project success. Project managers will learn how to build trust and rapport, manage conflict, listen, communicate expectations, give performance feedback, and overcome communication barriers. A look to the future includes best practices for using emerging technology when communicating with distributed teams. This book's concise format makes it a readable, practical guide, and it can also be used as a reference for fixing the most frequent communication breakdowns. Cases and examples are presented to illustrate applications of the communication principles from a project's start to finish. Chapter 5 focuses on helping project managers learn strategies and techniques for communicating with stakeholders in a global context. Specifically, project managers will learn how to: communicate with distributed teams; use traditional and emerging communication technology; develop culturally sensitive project teams; and apply PMI standards for ethical and professional conduct when communicating. It also considers four major trends in the global work environment: growing reliance on teams and cross-boundary collaboration, increasing reliance on technology, expanding project teams' cultural sensitivity, and heightened emphasis on ethics. -
Introduction to Service Excellence
Service Excellence in Organizations, Eight Key Steps to Follow and Achieve It, is a two-volume book published by Business Expert Press in 2019 and written by Fiona Urquhart, who leads Durham University's MBA module on service excellence and has consulted for an array of service and manufacturing organizations. Volume I deals with the basic tenets of service excellence, while Volume II suggests mechanisms, tools, and techniques to help embed to excellence as the foundation of value that the organization delivers. Both contain practical examples used by well-known companies; both also contain a self-assessment diagnostic tool that enables organizations to identify where they have built significant strengths in terms of service excellence and where opportunities to enhance their operations exist. In the first volume, the first chapter introduces the distinction between customer service and service excellence and some of the drivers behind this. It also outlines the benefits of a systematic approach to service excellence. -
Entice
Service Excellence in Organizations, Eight Key Steps to Follow and Achieve It, is a two-volume book published by Business Expert Press in 2019 and written by Fiona Urquhart, who leads Durham University's MBA module on service excellence and has consulted for an array of service and manufacturing organizations. Volume I deals with the basic tenets of service excellence, while Volume II suggests mechanisms, tools, and techniques to help embed to excellence as the foundation of value that the organization delivers. Both contain practical examples used by well-known companies; both also contain a self-assessment diagnostic tool that enables organizations to identify where they have built significant strengths in terms of service excellence and where opportunities to enhance their operations exist. In the first volume, the second chapter considers how the brand entices by drawing the customer into a relationship. It addresses questions such as: the role branding plays for company, staff, and customer and its link to service excellence; how to develop engaging brands; how to use the brand throughout the consumer decision-making process to strengthen the customer relationship; what the role a company's core values play in brand development; and how to surface those core values. -
Ensure Quality
Service Excellence in Organizations, Eight Key Steps to Follow and Achieve It, is a two-volume book published by Business Expert Press in 2019 and written by Fiona Urquhart, who leads Durham University's MBA module on service excellence and has consulted for an array of service and manufacturing organizations. Volume I deals with the basic tenets of service excellence, while Volume II suggests mechanisms, tools, and techniques to help embed to excellence as the foundation of value that the organization delivers. Both contain practical examples used by well-known companies; both also contain a self-assessment diagnostic tool that enables organizations to identify where they have built significant strengths in terms of service excellence and where opportunities to enhance their operations exist. In the first volume, the third chapter considers the importance of quality, both of product and service, to establishing the customer relationship. It considers the costs both of achieving quality and of having to put it right when it has gone wrong. It provides suggestions for gaining a deeper understanding of the customer perception of quality and some consideration of evaluation tools that are available to support this understanding. -
Establish Trust
Service Excellence in Organizations, Eight Key Steps to Follow and Achieve It, is a two-volume book published by Business Expert Press in 2019 and written by Fiona Urquhart, who leads Durham University's MBA module on service excellence and has consulted for an array of service and manufacturing organizations. Volume I deals with the basic tenets of service excellence, while Volume II suggests mechanisms, tools, and techniques to help embed to excellence as the foundation of value that the organization delivers. Both contain practical examples used by well-known companies; both also contain a self-assessment diagnostic tool that enables organizations to identify where they have built significant strengths in terms of service excellence and where opportunities to enhance their operations exist. In the first volume, the fourth chapter explores the importance for consumers to be able to trust the brands that they buy. It examines the role of trust in the decision-making process, in building loyalty, and its role in customer relationship marketing into the future, as customers become more involved in the development, production, and feedback of services, as well as marketing communications around services. It also considers how business processes support trust in the relationship and deliver the brand promise. Finally, It challenges companies to ask for feedback, deal with it constructively, rather than being defensive about it-own it and do something with it.