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Collaborating with Customers
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 10 further explores the innovative potential an organization can foster in the collaborative webs of its customers. The author explains how organizations can incorporate these customer-driven collaborative webs into their business models. -
Creating the Collaborative Economy
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 11, the book's final chapter, discusses the broad-scale implementation of group genius in the global economy. The author explains the importance in the shift of the modern workforce from traditional manufacturing to a creativity-based core. He also examines issues surrounding intellectual property rights and argues for certain modifications in the current U.S. legal system in order to spur creativity and collaboration. -
The Collaborative Web
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 9 discusses how an organization can enhance its creative innovation through collaborative webs - outside channels that include customers, suppliers, and other businesses. The author discusses methods for utilizing collaborative webs and techniques for measuring and managing these webs. -
Organizing for Improvisation
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 8 introduces the roles that collaboration, improvisation, and bottom-up management can play at the organizational level. The author considers how managers can foster group genius in an organization. He identifies ten traits of collaborative organizations and analyzes them against a background of pertinent examples. He also considers methods that can be used measure an organization's innovation potential. -
Conversation and the Mind
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 7 highlights the vital role that conversation - the author calls it "the engine that drives collaboration"-- plays in fostering creativity. He examines the work of numerous researchers who have investigate possible links between group interaction and innovation. Over the years,businesses have tried to create unique conversational formats to enhance the power of collaboration, and the author gives us a glimpse of some of those techniques, as William J. Gordon's synectics, a group creativity technique designed to foster collaborative analogies. -
Collaboration and the Mind
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 6 further explores the everyday cognitive process comprising creativity. The author draws on documents about historic innovators like Samuel Morse and Charles Darwin, as well as records of modern creators, including businesses, to illuminate the complex network of factors that can generate innovative ideas. Among the chapter's themes: Evidence shows that great innovators build their ideas from assemblages of previous ideas. Mental processes that facilitate innovation in this way include conceptual transfer, conceptual combination, and conceptual elaboration. The author examines additional scientific research, including recent findings, to enrich his discussion. -
Small Sparks
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 5 discusses the role that groups play in the emergence of individual insight and creativity. The author maps the collaborative process that can generate creative sparks in the individual and considers which factors spur and which hinder the process. -
From Groupthink to Group Genius
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 4 uses the sharply differing concepts of "group genius" and "groupthink" (originally coined by psychologist Irving Janis) to explain why some teams produce negative outcomes - and to illuminate why other teams can produce valuable creative results. The author explores the possible reasons why common practices such as brainstorming inhibit group genius and considers how to design groups to avoid such pitfalls. -
Group Flow
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 3 explores the concept of "group flow" - a peak experience where a group is performing at its top level of ability. The author examines the reasons why group flow occurs naturally and identifies the ten conditions necessary to generate group flow. -
Improvising Innovation
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 2 discusses improvised innovation, explaining that many innovative ideas emerge spontaneously, from the bottom up. The author analyzes examples of highly effective innovation and determines it to be the product of a balance of planning, structure, and improvisation. -
The Power of Collaboration
Group Genius, written by Keith Sawyer of the University of Washington, is a three-chapter book published by Perseus Books/Basic Books. Composed of three parts - the collaborative team, the collaborative mind, and the collaborative organization - the book explores the power of human collaboration in generating innovation. Part I uses examples of creative collaboration to show that the most effective collaborations are not designed and mandated by top levels of an organization but, rather, improvisational. Part II examines research from the natural and social sciences on the collaborative nature of the mind; one key theme is that even though insight feels like a solitary exercise, it is actually rooted in collaboration. Part III highlights the real-world potential of organizational innovation by discussing companies designed to maximize collaboration such as Cisco, Apple, YouTube, Whole Foods, and Toyota. Chapter 1 explores the connection between collaboration and creativity and examines how the two can be effectively harnessed for organizational gain. The author, using a technique called "interaction analysis," also identifies seven key characteristics of creative teams. -
It Isn't the Changes That Do You In
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of nine chapters written by William Bridges and published by Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 1 describes the difference between change, which is situational, and transition, which involves psychological response to change. The author argues that transition is a process comprising three stages: the ending, the neutral zone, and the new beginning. He describes the lifecycle of properly managed transitions, and shows how mismanaged transitions can go wrong. -
Conclusion
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. In the ninth and final chapter, the author focuses on "surviving" transitions. The aftermath of change is described with the acronym "GRASS": Guilt, Resentment, Anxiety, Self-absorption, and Stress. -
A Practice Case
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. In Chapter 8, the author presents a case study of a fictional firm to illustrate the strategies of change management and the decisions that must be made in order to communicate transitions. The case involves a 4,000-employee manufacturing firm, Apex Manufacturing, that is preparing for change. -
How to Deal with Nonstop Change
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 7 discusses the notion that change is constantly occurring. After introducing the three phases of change-an ending, a "neutral zone", and a beginning-the author uses these concepts to address simultaneous changes, engendering trust, and managing timeframes for change. -
Transition, Development, and Renewal
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. In Chapter 6, the author asserts that organizations, like individuals, have life cycles and that "it is helpful to have a map of the organization's life cycle that is comparable to the human development theories that clarify the path an individual follows through human childhood, adolescence, and adulthood." He goes on to explain "the seven stages of organizational life" -- Dreaming the Dream, Launching the Venture, Getting Organized, Making It, Becoming an Institution, Closing In, and Dying - and he explains the role of transition in this sequence. -
Launching a New Beginning
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 5 describes the "new beginnings" phase of an organizational transition. The author states, "The beginning will take place only after [people] have come through the wilderness and are ready to make the emotional commitment to do things the new way and see themselves as new people. Starts involve new situations. Beginnings involve new understandings, new values, new attitudes, and-most of all-new identities." He examines how ambivalence, timing, and purpose can affect the atmosphere of change. -
Leading People Through the Neutral Zone
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 4 describes the middle period of a transition process, when employees can become immobilized due to the demands of conflicting systems. The author discusses how to create temporary systems, strengthen teams, and manage creatively. -
How to Get People to Let Go
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 3 discusses how to successfully begin a transition by ending "what used to be." The chapter's main topics include: balancing subjective losses, dealing with overreactions, and communicating with those affected by change. -
A Test Case
Managing Transitions, Second Edition (2003), is a book of 9 chapters written by William Bridges and published by Basic Books/Perseus Books Group. The business world is continuously transforming, as layoffs, bankruptcies, mergers, and restructurings occur every day. These situational shifts present psychological challenges to both individuals and organizations, and many of us respond in unhealthy ways. The author describes healthy responses to these challenges, providing practical, step-by-step strategies for minimizing the disruptions caused by workplace change. Chapter 2 begins by examining the case of a software company that underwent changes. The changes did not seem momentous; however, the psychological fallout was considerable, and workplace performance suffered. The author applies his transition model to the situation, proposing three phases of practical response to pressing problems. He also cautions managers about steps they should not take.