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Instructor Presentation to accompany product W37526.

The Gautrain Rapid Rail Link Project was started in 2006. It is a rare example of a successful public-private partnership (PPP). The project involved the provincial government of Gauteng (represented by Gautrain Management Agency) as the public partner and Bombela Concession Company as the private partner. The general case, which accompanies this part in the exercise series, provides the basic outline of the story. The Gautrain Rapid Rail Link Project is recognized as one of the largest transport infrastructure PPP projects in Africa and as a major transport initiative of the provincial government of Gauteng. It has been breaking new ground to ensure that specific socio-economic development objectives are met. This project has set a benchmark for South Africa that can be adopted by other infrastructure providers.

This case analyzes the challenges faced by the founder of Magic Hive, an organization that offered counselling, parenting workshops (called Chetana), and self-awareness sessions for adults and children. Despite the creation of a psychologically safe climate in the Chetana workshops, several parents hesitated to participate actively. The founder was considering three strategic alternatives: personalized outreach to participants after the workshop sessions to help build rapport and trust; off-line retreats to help build connection among Chetana community members; and integrating interactive activities into the online workshop sessions to promote collaboration. Which option would be the best for Magic Hive?

Coco Fresh was a natural tender coconut water bottled by Madhura Agro Process Pvt. Ltd. (MAPPL). The chief executive officer (CEO) sensed there was a market opportunity given the health benefits of Coco Fresh compared to other beverages. He developed the technology to extract the coconut water and package it without any preservatives. This market was crowded with many players, each claiming to offer genuine coconut water. The regulations in India did not distinguish tender coconut water from mature coconut water. The CEO was in a dilemma over how to overcome this regulation and drive home the value of Coco Fresh to consumers.

Spreadsheet to accompany product W37842.

Within a single year, Lebanon experienced multiple adversities, from the economic crisis in October 2019, to the COVID-19 pandemic, to the Port of Beirut explosion on August 4, 2020. Many start-ups had to shut down during this period. This case investigates the role of organizational culture in how Toters Delivery, a high-tech Lebanese-based start-up, responded to these challenges and adapted its business model to overcome adversity. Its co-founder believed that organizational culture was a key factor in its survival. The case examines questions such as: How can a start-up maintain its culture in the face of grand challenges? and What strategic changes does a start-up need to make during challenging times, and how?

At a conference in November 2020, the chief executive officers (CEOs) of two exceptional healthcare start-ups—AliveCor Inc. (AliveCor) and Neurobit Inc. (Neurobit)—discussed their paths to innovation: AliveCor, a trailblazing health tech company, had emerged in 2011 with electrocardiogram (ECG) hardware and software that had since garnered global recognition. Neurobit, a digital health start-up, entered the scene in 2018 with sleep biomarker–based health analytics that could predict adverse cardiopulmonary or neurological outcomes. As the CEOs shared their stories, common challenges emerged regarding data acquisition, privacy concerns, and regulatory compliance. Amid their successes, the two companies experienced the necessity of addressing data challenges to achieve AI’s full potential in healthcare. They made trade-offs between time and resources amid a rapidly evolving industry and employed various strategies and solutions, from academic collaborations to extensive data collection, in their quest to determine the best strategy to use to overcome the challenges of efficiently and cost-effectively acquiring and utilizing data to drive innovation and gain a competitive edge.

BoAt Lifestyle (boAt), a digital-first consumer products company founded in New Delhi, India, by Aman Gupta and Sameer Mehta in 2014, had launched its first products (wired earphones and headphones) two years after a thorough market study. Over time, the company had entered various high-growth consumer lifestyle–focused product categories, offering its products online at affordable prices. It then attempted to move into the offline market, adopting an omnichannel strategy to engage with a larger customer base and increase its profitability. Despite tough competition from similar brands, it managed to build a reputation among its customers. However, customers and investors were less than happy with its strategy to procure most of its products from China and questioned the high valuation in its initial public offering. To add to the company’s woes, sales its own online and offline channels were not satisfactory. At the end of January 2022, the company was facing an important question: What should boAt do to maintain its growth momentum, appease investor’s patriotic sentiments, and expand sales from its own channels? Which of these challenges should be its priority in the short-run?

Fastech Fashions Private Ltd. was founded in Rourkela, India in 2017 with the goal to elevate the livelihoods of traditional Odia weavers. By 2022 the company had experienced notable success, focusing on T-shirts, school uniforms, traditional handicraft products, professional attire, and athleisure. However, tension between the investors and one of the owners grew when the owner's commitment to reinvesting in weavers for broader societal impact interfered with the company's profits. Balancing profitability and philanthropy became a critical challenge. The emotional and logical complexities of decision-making had to be made while under constant pressure from investors. Strategic choices needed to be considered, as well as the delicate balance between business success and social impact.

This case focuses on the efforts of Bavarian Nordic A/S, a Danish pharmaceutical company, to create a new COVID-19 vaccine. Their vaccine is based on a newer technology and has the potential to provide longer-lasting protection than the currently dominant BioNTech/Pfizer and Moderna vaccines. However, the project also faces obstacles related to uncertainty of vaccine efficacy, financing, product positioning, distribution, and access to production infrastructure. Indeed, given the head start of the incumbents’ vaccines, the dominance in this business of large pharmaceutical companies, and the multitude of other COVID-19 vaccines, some wonder whether the company should be going down this path at all.

Founded in Hyderabad, India in 2019, Inkpothub is India’s first digital media platform to offer researchers, scholars, and academics a forum for sharing success and experience stories. The platform allows users to share their journeys to promote research as a career, help researchers make informed career choices, and avoid common pitfalls. Inkpothub also creates, curates, and shares content, information, and knowledge to promote management scholarship and research. The platform connects users with scholars in major Indian academic institutions through content, mentorship programs, courses, and workshops. Inkpothub facilitates high-quality research output and works closely with institutions across the country to promote their doctoral programs to prospective students.<br><br>Inkpothub’s co-founder and current sole owner is Anita Sharma, India’s first woman skydiver with a disability, who is also an entrepreneur with a doctorate from Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Indore. Sharma has worked as professor at IIM, Amritsar and has been a keynote speaker, among other roles she has held. In April 2020, Inkpothub’s co-founder Nishan Singh left the company for personal reasons, leaving Sharma to lead the company alone and face the impact from the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. With a difficult business environment for all businesses across all countries, Sharma was considering three potential options for the future: sell the business to regain her investment in the company, find a new partner to grow the business and share the risks and revenues, or continue to run the business on her own.

This classroom exercise is designed to guide students through the steps of launching a successful project team. It is ideally implemented at the beginning of a team project to help students get to know their teammates; build a better understanding of the knowledge, skills, and experiences that each team member brings to the project; and set the ground rules for effective team functioning over the course of the project. This exercise provides practical tools for building strong, cohesive project teams, helping to set the stage for collaborative success in real-world scenarios.

In June 2023, the director of corporate communication and digital services for Khalil Fattal et Fils SAL (a subsidiary of Fattal Group) was tasked with presenting a strategy for the company’s online activities. The family business was a fourth-generation diversified distributor of a large variety of products and many other items by well-known brands headquartered near Beirut, Lebanon. The director had started to explore online sales platforms after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, which was soon followed by a major political and economic crisis in Lebanon. The director was wondering which of two potential strategies she should present to the board of directors. She could recommend a B2C strategy to strengthen the company’s retail business or a B2B strategy to avoid potential conflicts among the company’s various independent retailers. The director had to make a decision before the next board meeting.

Shanghai Zhongdan Information Technology Co. Ltd. (SZIT), established in 2017, was an e-commerce firm focusing on the flash-sales industry. Helping clothing brands clear their inventory quickly, SZIT rapidly attracted a large number of brands and successfully built a business ecosystem that included platforms, brands, shopkeepers, and consumers. To achieve success for all parties, SZIT took a series of measures to empower ecosystem members, such as helping brands build private traffic pools, providing one-stop services for shopkeepers, and reducing financial pressure for shopkeepers. These measures met the needs of different types of stakeholders and enabled SZIT to develop quickly and become a unicorn in the e-commerce industry. To continuously increase user traffic, SZIT developed the Xiang Store WeChat Mini Program to attract public traffic and ease the bottleneck of private traffic. However, SZIT now faced a new problem: determining how to balance the proportion of public traffic and private traffic.

Why can automated systems that rely on artificial intelligence be a deadly liability in situations unforeseen by the designers?

On July 10, 2023, a Snow Valley Resorts co-owner was reviewing his organization’s first quarter financials for fiscal year 2022–23. Snow Valley Resorts was founded in 1993 in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, when the first of the group’s four resorts, Snow Valley Resorts Manali, was built among the Himalayan mountain range with panoramic views and pleasant weather. The co-owner had set a goal to increase the organization’s revenue growth rate to nearly twice the previous year’s rate, but he realized several issues had to be addressed first. Technology and operations at the four resorts needed to be integrated. Communications and transactions had to be smoothened. Actions had to be taken to address various issues raised in the customer feedback. Service quality had to be improved at each of the four resorts. Overall, the ripples of customer complaints had to be converted into guest satisfaction by taking appropriate measures.

<p style="color: white; background-color: rgb(3, 70, 56); font-size: 16px; display: inline-block; border: 0px solid rgb(197, 183, 131); padding: 4px 4px;"><a href="" style="color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit;"> DIGITAL LEARNING EXPERIENCE COMING SOON</a></p><br><br>Kurt Preston, Vice President of Global Sourcing & Product Operations at Sonos Inc. (Sonos), had been considering a Joint Development Model for future Sonos products. In 2022, Sonos began to expand their product offering to target value-conscious consumers and grow market share with more modest price points. Historically, Sonos designed every aspect of their products in house and used Contract Manufacturers (CM) for production. A Joint Development Model (JDM) approach offered an opportunity to partner with the supplier to potentially decrease the product development time and cost. However, JDM meant giving up control of several aspects of the product design and this had many at Sonos very worried.

This exercise is designed to take students through the steps of creating a project scope document for a course project. The students have the opportunity to practice defining a project scope using a scenario with Friendship Coffee. The project scope document is often used in the workplace, and defines the project requirements, deliverables, and process at the onset of the project. It sets the project up for success and ensures all team members understand the important milestones and due dates, as well as the final deliverable.

In the spring of 2019, Grant Robertson, New Zealand’s finance minister, was in the process of developing New Zealand’s first-ever Wellbeing Budget. The prime minister of New Zealand, Jacinda Ardern, had spoken publicly about her vision to rethink how the government identified and set its priorities. Ardern was poised to push against a decades-old practice of using a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) as a proxy for the well-being of its citizens. Consequently, Robertson was tasked with developing a new budget that addressed growing concerns about the need for more holistic well-being metrics. What nuances of life in the modern world did GDP miss? What would it mean for New Zealand to place less emphasis on GDP when making policy decisions? What should be measured and included in the Wellbeing Budget in place of GDP?

The case centres on the pricing and business model challenges facing Peloton Interactive Inc.’s new CEO, Barry McCarthy. With the decline in demand post-pandemic, McCarthy must make pricing and product decisions that balance revenue, profitability, and changing consumer dynamics. The case prompts students to assess McCarthy's options through a behavioural lens, considering the importance of behavioural biases in consumer decision-making and the alignment of the business model and marketing efforts with the target consumer’s decision-making process.