In July 2007, after several failed attempts to acquire Huntsman Corporation, Hexion/Apollo prevailed in a bidding war for the company and signed a definitive merger agreement. Apollo had down bid Huntsman during previous attempts to acquire the company, and Huntsman was suspicious. That suspicion, coupled with Huntsman's leverage that resulted from a competitive bid situation, prompted and enabled Huntsman to negotiate seller friendly terms. For example, there was no financing contingency, and although the merger agreement contained both a material adverse effect (MAE) clause and a reverse termination fee, the potential damages if Hexion/Apollo breached the agreement were uncapped. As the credit markets deteriorated in late 2007 and into 2008 and Huntsman turned in disappointing financial results, the Huntsman deal no longer looked attractive to Hexion/Apollo. Hexion/Apollo wanted out. Would the material adverse change (MAC) clause in the merger agreement permit Hexion/Apollo to simply walk away? Even if the MAE clause were not applicable, could Hexion/Apollo walk away by paying the reverse termination fee? Or were potential damages uncapped?
Wang Jianlin, founder and Chairman of the Dalian Wanda Group (Wanda) kept close tabs on one of his flagship projects going up on the shores of the Yellow Sea. There construction was underway on Wanda Studios Qingdao, the largest film and production facility in the world. The studio was a key initiative of Wang, a central player in the country's rapidly growing movie business. Wanda was already the largest theatrical exhibitor in the world, but the studio represented an enormous bet on a less familiar part of the value network of the film industry. Its vertically-integrated approach was also quite different from the Hollywood of today, which has evolved to a much more specialized division of labor.
On March 31, 2014, the vice-president of Sales & Marketing at Xiamen Airlines Co. Ltd. (XiamenAir) was reviewing the minutes of the month-end meeting with his team. The meeting had focused mainly on the rapid spread of high-speed rail in China, especially along the popular and profitable routes served by his company. The new train service might become an indirect, albeit potent source of competition, redirecting existing passenger volume from airlines to a much cheaper travel option. How would its growth affect the positioning of XiamenAir as a premium service, high-priced airline? How should the company respond to this development?
Kelsey, a newly minted MBA hired by a firm that provides analysis of companies, has been given a task to present an assessment of six very different firms described by her manager as "retailers." She has been given the performance details of these companies and is expected to quickly analyze the metrics related to the firms' performance, such as return on assets, inventory turns and staff productivity. Her manager also wants her to assess and compare the six firms more broadly. Which firm should Kelsey recommend investing in?
Beijing has a huge second-hand housing rental market, while the tenants are often unable to get satisfactory properties. Because the real estate brokerage companies only assist with handling procedures, the tenants' requirements for quality, furnishing and services of properties are inadequately considered. Therefore, traditional modes of leasing have been significantly out of date. In this context, Homelink launched Ziroom business in May 2011, beginning its new exploration in the rental industry. Under the leadership of Mr. Xiong Lin, general manager of Ziroom, who had rich experience in this field, Ziroom created Ziroom Friendly Home and Ziroom Apartment under the same brand of Ziroom and operated them in a B2C mode. Ziroom owns the properties and processes them into standard products before selling online at Ziroom.com and providing various follow-up services during the lease term. Ziroom focuses on product, service and O2O, covering all the key links of tenants' rental experience. By the end of 2013, Ziroom had collected a total of over 20,000 properties, including over 60,000 Ziroom Friendly Home rooms and 6 stand-alone buildings of Ziroom apartments that are distributed in more than 2,000 real estates in Beijing. With the cumulative occupancy rate remaining at 90% and the renewal rate at over 60%, Ziroom provides rental services to 10 million Ziroomers. At present, Xiong Lin is faced with a number of challenges. For example, Ziroom's rent is a little bit high for a portion of young people in need of shared leasing; the future development of Ziroom may be affected by the changes in rents, real estate purchase restrictions, and the increase of Ziroom properties. Ziroom aims to establish a super-large enterprise based on O2O platforms that integrate asset management, housing and extension services, as well as information and data services, managing tens of thousands of properties in China. Today, Ziroom is continuing its entrepreneurial efforts.
No corporation and its board of directors is immune to a disruptive shareholder activist attack. The Novell (A) and (B) cases take students through a shareholder activist attack and its aftermath -- a saga that spanned 5 years. The cases outline the activist playbook in conducting an attack, the board's response, and key decisions that must be made.
Supplement to case 916404. No corporation and its board of directors is immune to a disruptive shareholder activist attack. The Novell (A) and (B) cases take students through a shareholder activist attack and its aftermath-a saga that spanned 5 years. The cases outline the activist playbook in conducting an attack, the board's response, and key decisions that must be made.
Is government the biggest, worst customer in the world? And is that a reason for venture investors to back companies that sell to government or to stay away? It had been seven years since Scott Burns joined his friend Zach Stabenow to get a company called GovDocs off the ground. In that time, they had evolved from a provider of government-mandated labor law posters to the country's largest sender of government-to-citizen emails. GovDelivery, as the company became known, was one of the first companies to move governments into the cloud, one of the first to sell them software as a service (SaaS), and in 2007, the only one with 3 million registered citizens using its platform to receive communications from federal, state, regional, and city governments and public authorities. In those seven years, Burns had raised capital from many sources: friends and family, angel investors, strategic partners, banks, and the investment arm of a major family fund. He and Stabenow had also grown the business through operating revenue and by keeping a tight watch on costs. They had to. Because growth capital had come in from almost all corners, expect one: major venture firms. Now, with roughly $6 million in annual revenue and projections to double that within three years, Burns was prepping for discussions with half a dozen Tier 1 firms. In doing so, he was anticipating what he thought would be the "elephant in the room." GovDelivery's business-to-government revenue model had been a conversation-stopper with major investors looking at Burns' company and companies like it. What would he tell potential backers?
This case presents the perspective of a Malaysian company, Nora Bhd, which was in the process of trying to establish a telecommunications joint venture with a Finnish firm, Sakari Oy. Negotiations have broken down between the firms, and students are asked to try to restructure a win-win deal. The case examines some of the most common issues involved in partner selection and design in international joint ventures.
This case presents the perspective of a Malaysian company, Nora Bhd, which was in the process of trying to establish a telecommunications joint venture with a Finnish firm, Sakari Oy. Negotiations have broken down between the firms, and students are asked to try to restructure a win-win deal. The case examines some of the most common issues involved in partner selection and design in international joint ventures.
Cookie Man, an Australian bakery chain, ventured into India in 2000 with the unique promise of providing "freshly baked premium cookies" on the spot. Opening with a manufacturing unit and its first outlet in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, it bought raw materials and most of its packaging locally and used a local refrigerated trucking firm to distribute its goods. By 2015, it was operating 70 company-owned and franchised stores in newly designed malls and high fashion streets in 25 cities across the country. Increasing competition, a move by competitors towards Internet distribution, and the changing tastes of consumers have hurt the financial health of the brand, and some drastic and quick strategic choices need to be made. Should the company grow horizontally and open more stores in India and/or expand into neighbouring countries? Should it look at new channels of delivery or new offerings? What is the right path for survival and growth?
Discusses the power of activity-based costing (ABC) and illustrates its use in several different settings, where full production costs change significantly with its use.
In June 2015, Peter Phillips, Chief Operating Officer of Frontier Services Group (FSG), was preparing an update for the board on how operations would support the company's new strategy. Given the ongoing decline in the price of oil and the extractive industries, the outlook had changed for FSG. His aim was to steer a new course to becoming the leading pan-African logistics provider. Founded in March 2014 by Erik Prince, a former U.S. Navy Seal and ex-CEO of Blackwater, a private security firm, FSG was a logistics and transportation company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, with a market capitalization in excess of $200 million. Headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, the company employed more than 340 staff in its head office and regional subsidiaries in Hong Kong, Beijing, Dubai, and Malta. In addition to traditional logistics solutions like transporting personnel, materials, supplies, and humanitarian aid, FSG provided civil engineering and support services such as in-house construction, facilities management, and workforce accommodation. Its mission was to build and maintain the infrastructure, installations and platforms its client organizations required to operate in Africa. Although the new approach would open up significant growth opportunities, a number of operational challenges remained. The lack of trained and skilled labor in Africa, coupled with the limited competence of the logistics sector would, if not addressed, impede the future growth of the company. The case traces the evolution of FSG since its inception in 2014 as a Kenyan air charter and freight services company. It offers an overview of the company's recent development and current strategy, notably how it handles the logistics needs of customers across the vast and very diverse African continent.
In 2015, Nissan was third place in the Japanese auto market, behind Toyota and Honda. The challenge of increasing market share was that 80% of car shoppers who were non-Nissan owners did not consider Nissan during their purchase process. This process involved three main consumer touchpoints: mass media advertising, internet auto websites and the physical dealerships. In the last 5 years, the importance of the dealers in influencing car sales had greatly diminished as consumers researched and chose which make and brand of car to buy online, going to the dealer only to negotiate price, purchase and receive the car. Given this trend, how should Nissan's top marketer make changes in how Nissan manages these three key consumer touchpoints? And how to better integrate them to maximize sales.
The chairman of one of India’s leading tire manufacturers must devise a strategy to maintain his company’s significant position in the tire industry. To date, the company has generated most of its revenues from sales in India, and it has become a leading player in the Indian commercial vehicle segment. With an overall slowdown in the manufacturing sector, the commercial vehicle segment has been hard-hit. The passenger car segment, however, is expected to grow. The manufacturer must find a way to effectively align its tire sales network and decide which segment to focus on.
In 2015, the vice-president of international operations must decide whether to continue to operate or abandon the company's Nigerian joint venture. Although the expatriate general manager of the Nigerian operation has delivered a very pessimistic report, Larson's own hunch was to stay in that country. Maintaining the operation was complicated by problems in staffing, a joint venture partner with divergent views, and increasing costs of doing business in Nigeria. If Larson decides to maintain the existing operation, the issues with its local partner and staffing problems (especially in terms of the joint venture general manager) have to be addressed.