There is a massive need for stroke treatment and rehabilitation in China. In 2018, Neusoft Medical cooperated with the State Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology headed by Xuanwu Hospital to create the eStroke National Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy Image Platform (eStroke, in short). The primary objective of eStroke is to shorten the time of diagnosis for proper treatment in order to improve patient survival and reduce sequelae when the patient survives. After three years, the project is well underway but needs to scale up, as only 83 hospitals have joined, and only 13,000 patients have been served. No partner is satisfied. The project was set up as a public welfare project with an agreement not to charge users. Neusoft had hoped that eStroke's user base would grow and indirectly drive equipment sales such as CT and MRI machines. However, since eStroke does not directly generate profits, sales staff had no incentive to promote eStroke. Dr. Huang Feng, who is in charge of the eStroke project at Neusoft, plans to apply for a special marketing budget from Neusoft Medical in the annual budget review meeting to expand the scale of eStroke users rapidly. Still, the concerns and demands of various stakeholders of the eStroke platform are far more complicated than simply calling for investing more capital and increasing the workforce. How should Dr. Huang consider the claims of all stakeholders? How can he persuade the company to invest more? Will the new budget alone help eStroke expand quickly?
Venture capital is a cyclical, ever-changing industry, as seen in recent years. The late 2010s and early 2020s witnessed record amounts of capital flowing into the sector, high valuations, and new types of investors entering the market. Innovations in the seed stage, such as rolling funds and SPVs, enabled more individuals to enter the industry. At the later stages, firms were becoming multi-stage investors, and aggressive hedge funds had entered the space. Then, in 2022, the macroeconomic environment created challenges, fundraising declined, and few venture-backed IPOs occurred. As of 2023, it was unclear where the VC industry was heading next. This note covers these recent events and the industry's increased focus on diversity and ESG.
Executives typically add customer offerings such as new features or products or initiate new pilots, processes, and tools to spur business growth without considering how such changes will affect customer-facing workers' workloads and ability to serve customers. Based on research and experience with companies like Sam's Club, Mercadona, and Quest Diagnostics, the author explains how subtracting existing processes and product options rather than adding more can improve employee's work, retention, and wages and improve customer experience.
Despite their companies' pledges to support social justice initiatives and racial and gender equity in recent years, many business leaders are now balking at the label "woke" a term that has become a political weapon. But the authors assert that addressing inequality and injustice in the workplace and beyond is something leaders must do. They call for leaders to continue to work toward racial and gender inequity and to be conscious of their role in effecting change.
<p align="justify">Two months after his January 1, 2021, appointment as chief executive officer (CEO) of NewCo, the code name for the soon-to-be spun off managed infrastructure services portion of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Martin Schroeter was faced with the daunting prospect of creating a distinct strategy and identity for a huge company in a very short time frame. Announced on October 8, 2020, by IBM’s CEO, Arvind Krishna, NewCo was a high-stakes strategic move to “create value through focus” and “increased agility to focus on evolving customer needs and delivery excellence.” Once spun off, NewCo would immediately become the world’s leading managed infrastructure services provider, with US$19 billion in revenue, 90,000 employees, and 4,600 customers, including more than 75 per cent of the Fortune 100 across 115 countries. With the spinoff expected to be complete by the end of 2021, Schroeter had only a few months to craft a strategy, recruit a leadership team, define a new identity for the company, ensure a “strong strategic relationship” with IBM, and bring thousands of customers and tens of thousands of employees into NewCo. Success required many pieces to come together rapidly and seamlessly. Schroeter was unsure how best to address these challenges. All he knew was that failure was not an option and that time was short.
The farmer producer company (FPC) Sahyadri Farmer Producer Company Ltd. (Sahyadri Farms) commenced with a mission of safeguarding fair compensation to the small landholding farmers of India in exchange for their produce and hard labour. Sahyadri Farms was a market leader in grape exports, especially to Europe, but when export freight charges shot up dramatically due to the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the company was forced to enter into the domestic market to survive. The company’s domestic business, Sahyadri Supply Chain Company Ltd., had very high operating costs compared to those of local intermediaries, who operated without the same professionals, standardized logistics, or software. The company was rigorously partnering with young innovators to incorporate technologies like blockchain into the agricultural sector, and it needed a new business model. However, as a company in a low-profitability sector with jobs that were not lucrative and were situated in remote locations, it faced challenges in attracting and retaining the young talent it needed to support the growth of an increasingly complex business in the domestic market.
In 2020, the tuition and coaching industry in India was severely hit due the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent nationwide lockdowns. With physical classes suspended, many private tutors and coaching institutes closed their businesses. Teachers and educators found limited options for conducting classes online, and it was challenging to manage and monitor teaching-related activities. Founded in May 2020, Teachmint, the Bengaluru-based education technology (edtech) start-up, provided a one-stop edtech infrastructure solution for teachers, educators, and institutes. With a focused business-to-business model, Teachmint grew leaps and bounds in its first year of operations. The company had begun international expansions by partnering with edtech companies in Southeast Asia and the Middle East. However, Teachmint’s chief executive officer was debating whether it was the right time to go global or whether his company should focus on the Indian edtech market, which was competitive and featured several large players.
In 2006, two entrepreneurs founded Fugumobile Co. Ltd., a digital marketing agency based in Shanghai, China. The company grew organically in China by adapting to the evolving trends in digital marketing. In May 2021, the founders were facing a dilemma and had to choose between two options for sustainable and profitable growth of their company. The first option was to reach an extensive client base by continuing to deliver standardized services at affordable prices, which offered the company modest growth and profitability. The second option was to offer customized services at a premium price, which was more rewarding but would require recruiting experienced workers with a proven track record for selling and delivering high quality customized services, who were typically employed by large agencies and demanded significantly high salaries. The two founders had to decide which path to take.
<p align="justify">Sunil Koshy considered himself a “passionpreneur;” after quitting a well-paid job as a software engineer, he chased his passion for singing and founded From Mug to Mike (FMTM), a start-up that helped amateur singers polish their singing skills. Stemming from Koshy’s passion, FMTM had evolved into a business venture with viable products, services, and a scalable business model. To scale up FMTM, Koshy needed to decide whether the business should take a geography- or a product-led route.
In March 2023, the co-founder of Rangoli Group of Institutes, Prahar Anjaria, was contemplating expanding his educational venture across the country. Founded in 2009 in Vadodara, Gujarat, India, the organization was a successful and award-winning preschool chain. The company was focused on imparting holistic learning with high moral, ethical, and pedagogical insight, as well as giving back to society through various social and cultural settings. With an evolving educational marketplace and new government regulations, Anjaria was wondering if this was the right time to expand across the country. What would be the impact of national expansion? How could he be sure to retain the core educational philosophy that made Rangoli Group of Institutes unique?
<p align="justify">The Gurmukh Singh Technology (GST) group, based in Ludhiana, Punjab, India, manufactured high-precision machined parts and sheet-metal components for various industries and sectors such as agriculture and horticulture. Revenues of the group had dipped substantially in 2018 due to non-receipt of payments from some customers, and the situation was compounded by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent lockdowns in 2020 and 2021. In January 2022, the managing director and head of marketing was planning a restructuring drive with the intention of doubling revenues and increasing the profitability of the group by 50 per cent over the next five years. He had to decide whether to reframe the group’s business-to-business marketing strategy and, if so, in what respect. How should he segment customers and select the most appropriate segments? How could he incentivize these customers to buy his company’s products rather than those of competitors? What should be the value proposition of the company?
Based in South Africa, United Exports was a leading producer of blueberry varieties. In April 2022, the company faced an issue of competitive positioning and entry in a crowded US market. The chief executive officer of United Exports, Americas, was preparing for a strategic planning meeting where the goal was to develop actions to grow the company and expand distribution in the United States. United Exports' OZblu brand had simultaneously attempted to create year-round blueberry supplies and to shorten its supply chains by selling Florida-grown blueberries in the United States. The CEO knew he had to rethink supply chains in a post-pandemic world and in light of shifting consumer buyer behaviour realities. He had to find a way to best enter the US fruit produce e-commerce market while aligning with United Exports' values and selling proposition. The CEO needed to examine and carefully consider e-commerce models, including subscription, rapid delivery, and the online grocery landscape.
Xiaomi was a famous Chinese consumer electronics and intelligent manufacturing business group. Since Xiaomi announced its entry into the intelligent electric vehicle industry on March 30, 2021, the topic of its boundary-spanning car manufacturing had attracted wide attention. Could Xiaomi seize the cusp of new energy vehicle development and grab a piece of the pie in this fiercely competitive market? Compared with other players with different backgrounds and strengths in this industry, had Xiaomi missed the best time window to enter? In order to become a top seller, how should Xiaomi position its new energy vehicles and design its competitive strategy? Could Xiaomi easily transfer its existing advantages and resources to its new business?
The case describes the challenges facing Shlomit Schaal, MD, PhD, the newly appointed Chair of UMass Memorial Health Care's Department of Ophthalmology. Dr. Schaal had come to UMass in Worcester, Massachusetts, in the summer of 2016 from the University of Louisville (KY) where she had a thriving clinical practice and active research lab, and was Director of the Retina Service. Before applying for the Chair position at UMass she had some initial concerns about the position but became fascinated by the opportunities it offered to grow a service that had historically been among the smallest and weakest programs in the UMass system and had experienced a rapid turnover in Chairs over the past few years. She also was excited to become one of a very small number of female Chairs of ophthalmology programs in the country. Dr. Schaal began her new position with ambitious plans and her usual high level of energy, but immediately ran into resistance from the faculty and staff of the department. The case explores the steps she took, including implementing a LEAN approach in the department, and the leadership approaches she used to overcome that resistance and build support for the changes needed to grow and improve ophthalmology services at the medical center.
Set in 2022, the case describes the partnership between Unilever Food Solutions (UFS) and The Social Kitchen (TSK), a social enterprise, to launch Unilever's flagship alt-meat brand 'The Vegetarian Butcher' (TVB) in Singapore. With a focus on 'future foods', Unilever planned to double the number of products that delivered positive nutrition and minimised environmental impact by 2025. Its vegan foods portfolio comprised nearly 700 products, with TVB as its most significant addition in the high-growth space of plant-based nutrition. UFS's tie up with TSK was driven by its aim to create social impact by helping people make healthier and sustainable lifestyle choices. Furthermore, positioning TVB as a 'brand with a purpose' could help it stand out in the highly competitive plant-based food space. TSK, a well-established social enterprise, provided UFS with an appropriate and credible platform to launch TVB in the city-state. The restaurant at Singapore's Jurong Bird Park, a popular tourist attraction, opened in partnership with TSK, proved to be a cost-effective platform for creating social media impressions, brand awareness and consumer interest. The full menu integration enabled TVB to experiment and develop new products for the taste palate of the locals. However, TSK comprised only one restaurant so far. Was that sufficient to launch TVB successfully in the highly competitive Singapore market? Should the company also look at other alternate food service channels to widen TVB's visibility? Moreover, did the venture generate adequate returns on the investments made by Unilever? Did the brand partnership with TSK and the related social media buzz generate enough sales leads to justify the collaboration moving forward? Most importantly, were sales and profitability in the short-term good enough criteria to assess the long-term intangibles such as a 'socially responsible' brand image and goodwill?
Neeraj Gupta, Principal Investment Officer at the International Finance Corporation (IFC), led the IFC team tasked with assisting the Indian government to structure water sanitation Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects along the Ganga River. India depends heavily on the river to support its agriculture and manufacturing sectors. Additionally, the river also held religious significance for Hindus. However, inadequate sewage treatment infrastructure had caused the river to become severely polluted. In the past, initiatives launched by the Government of India to clean up the river had been unsuccessful. In August 2011, the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) was established to help states reduce pollution and implement environmentally sustainable development. However, the lack of expertise and financing made progress slow and external support and advice from the World Bank and IFC was sought. In 2015, a team from the World Bank Group consulted with various stakeholders to understand the problems faced. This time, instead of using the traditional Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) Model, Gupta introduced the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) PPP model to address the concerns of both the government and private sector investors. The PPP structure would allow the government to save on the capital outlay as well as engage private sector expertise. The HAM structure allowed for sharing of risks between the private sector partners and the government. The HAM model was successfully trialled in a few pilot projects and Gupta hoped that it would pave the way for more similar projects along the river.
In this first article in a series of four, the researchers behind the 2023 MIT Sloan Management Review-BCG Artificial Intelligence and Business Strategy Big Ideas research project outline the opportunities AI brings for key performance indicators and strategic measurement. They discuss the business implications of using AI to generate and refine KPIs and explain how enabling strategic measurement systems to learn fundamentally alters how organizations understand and invest in future performance.
This case has been written for use in undergraduate- and graduate-level modules pertaining to equity, diversity, and inclusion efforts. Particularly, it can be introduced in organizational behaviour, leadership, and communication courses. It is recommended that this case be taught early in the course or program.<br><br>This case involves international students’ experiences while studying at Canadian universities. The case is written to discuss the unique challenges international students face when entering a new country to study and intends to start the dialogue between domestic and international students to ensure that all students feel included in the cultures they are exposed to. This case will encourage students to be mindful of non-inclusive actions and behaviours (unintentional or otherwise) and their consequences, and then provide appropriate communication strategies and starting solutions to make students feel welcome and heard.