Since the first Carrefour outlet opens in China in 1995, the company makes outstanding achievements in the Chinese retailing market. In 1999, it is ranked as the third largest Chinese retailer and second in the franchising sector. By 2000, its sales in China has exceeded US$0.99 billion and by 2004, the number of outlets has reached 62, representing a 51.2% increase from the previous year and nearly equivalent to the total outlets of two other large, global retailers combined-Wal-Mart (43 outlets) and Metro (23 outlets). Recently, however, local retailers have become more competitive and other global retailers have also started to strengthen their presence in China. Moreover, retailers have begun to move inland and into second-tier cities where Carrefour lacks presence. Faced with such challenges, will Carrefour be able to maintain its past glory in China?
Arkadi Kuhlmann launched ING DIRECT USA in 2000. The direct bank was very successful and by 2006 it had grown to be the largest online banking business and the 3rd largest savings-and-loan institution in the US. Faced with fierce and growing competition from both other direct banks and the online banking operations of such major traditional banks as Citibank and HSBC was faced with some tough decisions about how to move forward. One of the options under active consideration was the launch of a high interest paying checking or payments account. This was a product that ING DIRECT USA had always avoided in the past due to its complexity and high support costs. Learning objective: The challenges facing a successful low cost competitor as it responds to a changing market environment and increasing competitive pressure from established banks.
Deals with the hands-on management of a difficult situation facing the subsidiary of a multinational corporation (Tetra Pak) in a developing country (Argentina). The situation arises from a major economic, social, and institutional breakdown that jeopardizes the subsidiary's existence. Argentina defaulted on it sovereign debt and devalued the peso by over 200%, but it differentiated the treatment of the FX rate to be applied to various transactions, depending on the jurisdiction of creditors and debtors. Local dollar-denominated credits and liabilities were converted on a 1:1.40 ratio, while obligations held with foreign entities continued to be enforceable at the new rate of 1:3. The crisis led to the impoverishment of a large portion of the Argentine population, and to an institutional breakdown where the rule of law was shattered in the country, thus posing challenges not just related to the current situation, but also to the future of the operation. The crisis bore consequences for Tetra Pak Argentina on both ends of its value chain, involving suppliers and customers. Tetra Pak focuses its growth on developing nations where it feels there is room for a valuable business, and it attains leading market positions. Shows how the foreign firm must cope with difficult domestic situations, where the levers of control are beyond its reach. The existence of value after the crisis turns out to be a relevant consideration.
Michael Fernandes, the Director of Custom Manufacturing Operations at the pharmaceutical company Nicholas Piramal India Limited (NPIL), schedules a meeting with three of his reports, whose interpersonal conflicts with one another are causing his business development function to falter. He struggles to know how to handle these conflicts and bring the three into a productive working collaboration. Fernandes is in charge of incorporating NPIL's new acquisitions in Canada and the United Kingdom to market NPIL globally. His three direct reports are each involved in different aspects of NPIL--the Canadian operations, the British operations, and the global business development, and the case explores the team dynamics among them. Unless Fernandes can resolve the conflicts, the integration of the acquisitions is in jeopardy.
In early 2006, it was apparent that PFM Devices was experiencing a significant downturn in consolidated earning among its three international divisions. To address this issue, the newly hired chief information officer was asked by the executive team to evaluate the two options of implementing a customer relationship management solution to improve revenue or a corporate data warehouse to cut costs. This case illustrates the importance of aligning information technology (IT) and business strategy and of the complex issues IT executives face in prioritizing IT investment alternatives.
This case presents students with an opportunity to develop an action plan for an executive education client program needs analysis. Evergreen Executive Education LLC (EEEL) has just landed a large, new corporate client. The case presents some basic background information pertaining to the client company and their general program needs. Students are expected to create a learning needs analysis plan by merging that background information with their own focused thinking pertaining to how best to uncover and make actionable a corporate learning agenda. The plan should be robust and focused enough to ensure that the insights emerging from its execution will serve as the key inputs in developing a detailed program design. Students are not asked to develop a management education program design.
The initial public offering (IPO) of Rosneft, Russia's state-owned oil giant, was scheduled for mid-July 2006, in both London and Moscow. It was expected to be one of the largest IPOs in history. However, as of July 1, the Russian government, Rosneft's management, and its financial advisors had yet to decide on the IPO price. Expert valuations varied substantially, ranging between $64 billion and $120 billion. Peter O'Brien, the new CFO of Rosneft (he had been appointed only in April), and his investment advisors had little more than a week to decide the structure and pricing of the Rosneft IPO.
Reading Rehab Hospital has experimented with a popular concept in health care--patient-focused care--intended to increase quality and reduce costs by organizing care delivery around particular diagnoses or "service lines," rather than around the functions or disciplines of the care providers. It is equivalent to a product rather than a process focus. Unfortunately, it is not clear whether the benefits of this new healthcare model are sufficient to compensate for the drawbacks.
In 2007, Bunge, an agribusiness company, had over $26 billion in worldwide sales and was considered, along with Cargill and Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), one of three very integrated worldwide agribusiness companies. Headquartered in White Plains, NY, the company has traditionally possessed a strong presence in Brazil. Describes Bunge's tradeoff between efficiency of global operations and local responsiveness in an uncertain business environment. New world developments were effecting Bunge directly: high oil prices, a growing demand in emerging economies like China and India, and the possibility of agribusiness companies competing successfully in the production of biofuels. Bunge had traditionally followed an organizational model that was integrated but decentralized, trying to strike a balance between the efficiency of a global entity and the speed of local businesses. What would be the best strategy for Bunge to respond to the external changes imposed by high energy prices and increasing demand from emerging economies? How aggressively should Bunge invest in the rising biofuels markets?
China's oil industry, with majority ownership vested in the government, had engaged in an "equity oil" strategy for the past few years--acquiring equity interests in oil producing nations including Sudan, Angola, and Iran. Outside critics, however, suggested that the Chinese companies could buy oil in the highly fungible global marketplace. But Sinopec, the nations largest refiner, was one of the three companies (together with PetroChina and CNOOC) engaged in the equity oil play. With China's energy demands swelling--especially petroleum of which it had limited reserves--Sinopec was struggling to increase output rapidly enough to keep pace with the rapid growth of their automobile sector. And it had to make money soon.
In mid-2007, Infosys was an extremely successful business. Headquartered in India, it had played an important role in transforming global business. Revenues were growing rapidly, and the company was highly profitable. The company's revenue growth was closely linked to its ability to recruit, train, and retain talented employees. The demand for talent among IT companies in India was straining the country's education system. At the end of March 2007, Infosys had 72,000 employees, an increase of nearly 20,000 from the previous year. Increasing growth would require even higher numbers of new employees. Attrition was also an issue, running at about 13% annually and adding to the number of new employees required to meet revenue objectives. In mid-2006, Mohan Pai moved from his position as CFO to take over human resources, education, and research. Describes the Infosys culture and human resources environment in 2007, and focuses on the issues faced by Pai in hiring, training, motivating, and retaining employees in a business that was dependent on a highly talented employee base. Specifically, asks students to consider ways of addressing the issues of hiring, attrition, and allocation of employees.
The founders of Just Us! Coffee Cooperative (Just Us!) are involved in a strategic planning process. The growing demand and acceptance of fair trade products is good news for the industry and opens many opportunities for Just Us!, but there are also risks. Just Us! will likely face increased market competition from major U.S. retail coffee brands and Canadian supermarket brands, pressure on margins as more brands crowd the shelves, and more competition for access to top quality sources of supply. Just Us! will have to make strategic choices and will have to develop a clear and focused marketing plan.
The director of business development for Tangarine Concepts Corporations (Tangarine) must decide how to launch the company's newest product, a prepaid MasterCard called MyCard, as part of a six-month pilot project. Students are asked to: 1) outline Tangarine's goals and objectives for the launch of MasterCard MyCard; 2) decide the importance of a successful launch of MyCard to Tangarine; 3) perform a corporate size-up with specific attention to the company's ability to launch the product; 4) analyse political, economic, social and technological aspects of the launch of MyCard; 5) identify and assess the strengths and weaknesses of potential competitors; 6) perform a customer segment analysis and 7) develop a marketing plan including decisions regarding price, product, place and promotion of the MyCard product.
In 2006, Ruth's Chris Steak House was fresh off of a sizzling initial public offering and was now interested in growing their business internationally. With restaurants in just four countries outside the United States, a model to identify and rank new international markets was needed. This case provides a practical example for students to take quantitative and non-quantitative variables to create a short list of potential new markets.
A recent MBA graduate was about to return to the family business, Biomed Co., Ltd. as its general manager. Biomed's parent company, Thai Drugs Co., Ltd. has just revised Biomed's market strategy, a change that created the need to align the sales compensation system to fit with the new strategy. The new general manager was charged with this responsibility. Students will work through the path from strategy to a powerful sales compensation plan that will support the strategy and encourage to execute the role of the salesforce within this strategy.
The commercial eProducts Manager at Shell Canada has to determine how to improve the adoption and utilization of their eCommerce channel. eStore had been developed for the fuel and lubricants market as a pilot test of how Shell might communicate with its customers electronically, thus reducing costs. While eStore had been in place for a year, and many customers had signed up, utilization was low. A consulting firm has made recommendations about the technical issues that might be driving low utilization; the commercial eProducts Manager has to consider whether the problems are purely technical, and make a recommendation on how to proceed.