Senior management at 3M Canada's Industrial Business Division (IBD), which manufactures abrasive and adhesive products, faces a dilemma. In the light of a 2006 directive from corporate headquarters, which calls for top line growth, IBD has a goal of essentially tripling its annual rate of sales gain from its current level of three to four per cent to 10 per cent within two years. In IBD's markets, 3M as a product-driven company with strong research and development focus, has historically concentrated on original equipment manufacturers and specialty distributors, but a new channel to market has emerged. Several national distributors of items used in general repair and maintenance are growing at a rapid pace. If 3M Canada wants to participate in the growth, it must seriously reconsider how it goes to market, particularly in sales and logistics. Dealing with this situation demands analysis of the requirements of the new channel, and an assessment of fit with IBD's capabilities and strengths. Significant changes will be necessary for IBD if it is to gain and sustain business in the emergent segment.
An investor is deciding if she should invest in RONA Inc. RONA, a large Canadian hardware and renovation retailer headquartered in Boucherville Quebec. The company had experienced strong growth and had achieved considerable success. The investor was now prepared to analyse the financial data, provided as well as perform a size-up of the current and future direction of the company in order to make her decision.
The transfer of perinatal services at St. Joseph's Health Care Centre (SJHC) to the Women's and Children's Services at London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC), included the relocation of clinical programs, 500 staff and about 40 physicians. SJHC's perinatal program had been among the hospital's premier programs and was recognized as a world-class tertiary perinatal program for more than 30 years. The hospital's comprehensive care for newborns included providing care for very sick infants and extremely premature babies. The move to LHSC was a source of much concern to key stakeholders, leading scientists and specialists with much negative impact on recruitment, retention and staff morale. The vice-president, acute and ambulatory care at SJHC and the vice-president, women and children's clinical business unit at LHSC were appointed to help prepare leaders throughout all stages of the restructuring. On their agenda were the following issues: culture, safety procedures, team conflict, excessive turnover, structure, leadership orientation, among others. Where should they start; and how could they get physicians, patient care leaders and staff to think past six months, given that there are numerous issues that keep them busy on a daily, weekly and monthly basis?
The general manager of the Wilkins plant in Paso Robles, California has received instructions from head office to reduce inventory by 30 per cent in the next quarter. Although inventory had been accumulating over the past years, this has been seen as a benefit to the company for a couple of reasons. One is that the cost of raw materials has risen in the past year. The second is that the company has a policy of no layoffs, so having inventory in stock allows the company to minimize the use of overtime and temporary workers. The general manager wondered whether revising the production planning process would be enough to solve Wilkins' inventory problems.
ForeFront Wood Products produces high quality wooden door-sets. The company faces capacity constraints and inefficiencies resulting from its processes and culture. As a consequence, it struggles to be profitable. ForeFront's parent company, ForeFront Holdings, plans an initial public offering in 2007. It has recently hired a new operations manager with the mandate to turn the factory around. As the operations manager begins his job he tours the manufacturing facilities to gather information on production processes and factors affecting capacity, cost and conformance. The case describes the firm's manufacturing and managerial processes. Many issues are described, including high costs, low yields, unreported defects and equipment that fails to operate near its rated capacity. Organizational and change management challenges, including high employee turnover, excessive use of overtime and failure of supervisors to observe or report employee errors are also described.
The environmental manager at the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) has finally received the detailed environmental and social risk assessment of Qatargas II LNG Project. RBC was a potential participant in a syndicated loan for a project financing venture in Qatar. The project would extract and process liquid natural gas there and transport it to the United Kingdom market. RBC was among the first banks to use an environmental and social risk assessment process based on the Equator Principles that supported the principles underlying sustainable development. However, environmental non-government organizations further complicated any financing decision; they were only too quick to point out publicly any shortcomings. Moreover, it was not clear if problems might occur in monitoring and enforcing any loan covenants. Two basic questions remained: first, does the Qatargas II Project make sense to RBC as it attempts to balance economic, environmental and social performance (i.e. the triple-bottom line); and second, do the Equator Principles provide a competitive advantage?
The founder chairman and managing director wants to make Biocon, Ltd. one of the top 10 biotech firms by 2015. The company has dealt in low-risk enzymes and generic drugs for many years. In order for the company to grow, the chairman believes that Biocon must enter the riskier business of drug discovery and development. Without making large investments into new capabilities, the company cannot become a top 10 biotech firm.
The vice-president of finance for Westwood Plastics, Inc. (Westwood), wants to assess the impact of the possibility of a weakening Canadian dollar on the company's financial health given its exposure to the Euro. Because Westwood is required by a loan covenant to generate a minimum level of pre-tax earnings, management is concerned about the possible impact of the exchange rate volatility on projected income and cash flows. The vice-president of finance is considering both an option and a forward strategy to minimize the foreign exchange risk Westwood is facing. She must decide how to use financial instruments to hedge the risk.
Jenny Chen, CA, CFA, CMC has been hired by Jane Wallace of High Performance Tire. Jane, who inherited the firm from her parents, had successfully run the company for many years. When she transferred the responsibility to her son William in 2001, he began to make several changes in order to expand the number of outlets, diversify the product offering, and cut costs in the company. In 2004, the company was having difficulties and Jane decided to become more involved in the family business once again. Jenny's task is to review and analyze the company operations and make recommendations.
In 1999, Pulsar's chairman and CEO, Jenny Jones appointed her daughter-in-law, Kyla Jacobs-Jones to run Caltron. Caltron, a calculator manufacturer, was fully owned by Pulsar. Caltron was facing stiff competition from abroad, and in 2001 members of Pulsar's board of directors began to put pressure on Jones to divest it. Jacobs-Jones was given two years to turn the unit around before revisiting the decision to divest Caltron. In 2004, Dan O'Shea, CA, CFA, a corporate financial consultant with KPMG has been hired to review and analyze the company operations and make recommendations.
GOME, founded by Wong Kwongyu, had grown from merely a 100-square-metre store in Beijing in 1987 to the industry leader in electrical and home appliance retailing in China, with 259 traditional stores and 4 digital stores by 2006. Its success stemmed from its low-margin, high-volume strategy, which was complemented by its striving for service quality and innovation. In 2006, GOME faced the new challenge of tuangou, or group purchase. In order to amass bargaining power to demand discounts from retailers, consumers with similar needs in China united through the Internet and showed up en masse at retailers at pre-arranged times and dates. They would put relentless pressure on retailers and would press for greater discounts. This emerging consumer behavior had spread like wildfire in China and retailers had different reactions. Some yielded to the pressure and offered greater discounts, some only entertained tuangou that had been pre-arranged and/or pre-registered, while others refused to give in and maintained a fixed-price policy. It was up to GOME to determine how best it could deal with this new phenomenon.
Launched in early 2005, Zopa is a peer-to-peer online brokerage that couples British residents who want to lend with those who want to borrow. The company represents a new business model in the retail financial services industry, and since Zopa is not technically a bank and does not lend money itself, the capital requirements to run the business are relatively small. Compared to a traditional full service bank Zopa concentrates on only a few steps of the value chain. This case study provides an overview of the financial service industry, especially banks, in the UK in 2006 and how Zopa, a value innovator, has developed a unique position in the market through an innovative business model. Rich data especially on banking trends are given. Additional data on key players in the industry are supplied. This data will enable students to develop a good understanding of the elements of a value innovation and how technologies have the potential to shake up an established industry structure and its key players. A focus is on the concept of value innovation and sustainable competitive advantage. The case can also be used to address the topic of how incumbent firms should respond to innovative new business models.
Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) service provider, Tecnovate eSolutions Pvt. Ltd, was set up in India as a captive to provide contact center services, BPO services, and IT services to its parent company in the travel services sector. Outsourcing is a complex phenomenon and involves formal evaluation and planning before companies can take the leap. Can be used as a vehicle for understanding the risks and challenges involved in a real life outsourcing scenario. Focuses on the critical transition sub-phase of the outsourcing lifecycle and the evolving growth strategies of business process outsourcing.
The managing partners of two private equity firms are hoping to forestall a third bidding round for a target company, the European beverage division of Cadbury Schweppes. As they wait to meet with the CEO, they revisit their assumptions on the deal and review the insights that informed their valuation.
A business school graduate started The 10 Beach Hut as a sole proprietorship in January 2000. The company designed and sold beachwear in towns across Ontario, Canada. This exercise focuses on the preparation and interpretation of a cash flow statement.
The founder and president of Winston & Holmes must decide whether or not to expand the Yorkville location. Winston & Holmes is a fine tobacco and men's accessories shop. This year has proven to be a breakout year for the company and management had begun to question whether the Yorkville location needed to be expanded. The founder and president realized that the decision must be made soon, so that the upcoming Christmas sales season would not be affected by any construction.
The chairman and chief executive officer of Sun Microsystems Inc., is struggling to take the company he co-founded into a profitable direction. There is strong evidence that a new strategy is necessary. Segments of Sun's business are growing but open source solutions and commoditization of products are driving revenues toward zero. Decisions involve market focus, pricing and investment in new technologies. The case illustrates the role of management preferences and the limits to an executive's span of attention/control. Both the chairman's and Sun's success is contingent upon an accurate assessment of the industry and the relative position of partners as well as the ability to generate creative solutions.