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The case is about Krishna, who has just started his professional career and is wondering what strategy to follow to maximize his after-tax wealth. He did not have any experience in managing his finances and wanted to plan for his taxes and increase his after-tax wealth. The case includes Krishna's income statement, balance sheet, profile, goals, assumptions, and tax rules. The tax rates are standard in structure but differ in important ways such as age and income and thus require careful analysis and scenario analysis of the proposed calculations.

Demand for healthcare and insurance is increasing as India's middle income earners seek to reduce risk. As a new MBA graduate, Krishna Chaitanya wondered if insurance would effectively protect his financial goals, what products would suit his needs, and how to find the most cost-effective life and health insurance policies. With this in mind, he wondered if by applying his financial knowledge, using concepts he learned while studying for his MBA he could find solutions to this dilemma.

India's burgeoning middle class are increasingly interested in investment opportunities and Krishna Chaitanya, a young MBA graduate was keen to create a financial plan that met his aims in life. When faced with the challenges of an investment strategy, asset allocation implementation, mutual fund selection and rebalancing a portfolio, would his plan achieve his goals when faced with the challenges of investment and personal objectives? He wondered if he could solve this problem by applying his knowledge, using concepts he learned while studying for his MBA.

The need for personal financial planning is increasing as India's growing middle class aspired to secure future wealth. Krishna Chaitanya, a recent MBA graduate, realized he needed to create a personal financial plan that included insurance, investment strategies, and a retirement plan, as early as possible in order to meet his goals in life. However, he questioned whether he could achieve his goals, due to unexpected risks. Faced with this dilemma, Krishna wondered if he could solve this problem by applying his financial knowledge, using concepts he learned while studying for his MBA.

Retirement planning is gaining importance for India's growing middle class. Like many young professionals, Krishna Chaitanya, a recent MBA graduate, questioned how he could balance his investment portfolio with a desire to achieve a comfortable retirement. Since market volatility coupled with inflation could prevent him from achieving this objective, Krishna wondered if he could solve this problem by applying his financial knowledge, using concepts he learned while studying for his MBA.

Just Dial was the largest phone and Internet based local search provider in India. The company started providing services in 1996, but the revenues of the company shot up in 2004 with the penetration of telecoms in the Indian market. Several private equity investors funded the growth of Just Dial. Almost 90% of Just Dial revenues came from Tier I cities in India. In order to mark its presence and expand its network to Tier II cities, Just Dial required funds. With funds already raised from private equity investors, Just Dial planned to take the IPO route for further fundraising. In March 2013, Just Dial's IPO was approved by SEBI after five previous unsuccessful attempts - twice on NASDAQ, two aborted filings in India in the last two years and one on a smaller exchange. The case is positioned in May 2013, just a few days before the IPO's launch, when there was a great deal of negative news in the market regarding Just Dial's overvaluation. The business model was completely new and there were no industry comparables in order to do a fair valuation. Analysts in the market repeatedly warned investors, suggesting they avoid the IPO because it was overvalued. Furthermore, they said that it was only meant to provide an exit option for the PE investors. Consequently, investors were sceptical of Just Dial's valuation. With this negative perception prevailing in the market, should Just Dial consider delaying the IPO or lowering the price range (thus reconsidering its valuation)?

Student spreadsheet for product 9B14N021.

In 2012, Manish Enterprises, a leading coal supplier firm located in Ludhiana, India, was facing a decline in growth. A year later, a business graduate was appointed as the chief executive officer of the company. He managed to reduce the cash cycle from six months to three months by running the operations of the firm efficiently. Sales increased by 127 per cent, and the firm began financing its growth by taking advances from customers. The firm was thus able to reduce its investment in current assets. However, despite adopting best practices, the profitability of the business was declining. The challenges then faced by Manish Enterprises were to manage growth and liquidity while retaining profitability.

In 2012, Manish Enterprises, a leading coal supplier firm located in Ludhiana, India, was facing a decline in growth. A year later, a business graduate was appointed as the chief executive officer of the company. He managed to reduce the cash cycle from six months to three months by running the operations of the firm efficiently. Sales increased by 127 per cent, and the firm began financing its growth by taking advances from customers. The firm was thus able to reduce its investment in current assets. However, despite adopting best practices, the profitability of the business was declining. The challenges then faced by Manish Enterprises were to manage growth and liquidity while retaining profitability.

Student spreadsheet for W14389.

By 2004, the Industrial Finance Corporation of India ("IFCI") is on the verge of collapse; its profitability has become negative. Non-performing assets ("NPAs") have reached their peak, and the company does not have enough money to do business. It begins selling off and renting out its premises to get money to sustain its operations, going door-to-door to save itself. Employee morale is at its lowest level. IFCI's operations become unsustainable and are no longer viable. Against this backdrop, the IFCI board of directors and the government of India are in a quandary as they try to decide on IFCI's future course. After evaluating all possible options, IFCI and the government decide to restructure IFCI. IFCI's turnaround, which catapults it on the path to growth includes multiple factors such as converting debt into equity, creating provisions for bad loans, restructuring liabilities, retiring high-cost debt, managing NPAs aggressively, voluntarily retiring staff, focusing on short-term projects, adopting a selective approach in identifying projects for assistance and monitoring projects more effectively. The most critical factor that enables the turnaround of the state financial institution is the able leadership that not only changes IFCI's public sector culture but also brings a new work culture and ethics to the organization. ICFI's turnaround from the financial crisis inspires a lasting motivation in the hearts of its employees.

Instructor spreadsheet for product 8B13N026.

After independence in 1947, the government of India founded the Industrial Finance Corporation of India as the first development financial institution to provide medium- and long-term loans to public limited companies and cooperative societies engaged in productive activities. Then in 1991, the government’s New Economic Policy opened the door to liberalization, privatization and globalization of the Indian economy. The company was restructured and incorporated in 1993 but was unable to diversify its business model from project financing to other financial services. By 2004, it had almost collapsed; its profitability had become negative. Non-performing assets had reached their peak, and the company did not have money to do business. It began selling off and/or renting out its premises, going door-to-door to save its future, and employee morale hit rock bottom. The business had become unsustainable and unviable. With this as backdrop, the board of directors needs to decide on the company’s future. What is their best option: liquidation, restructuring, merger or strategic partnership?

After independence in 1947, the government of India founded the Industrial Finance Corporation of India as the first development financial institution to provide medium- and long-term loans to public limited companies and cooperative societies engaged in productive activities. Then in 1991, the government's New Economic Policy opened the door to liberalization, privatization and globalization of the Indian economy. The company was restructured and incorporated in 1993 but was unable to diversify its business model from project financing to other financial services. By 2004, it had almost collapsed; its profitability had become negative. Non-performing assets had reached their peak, and the company did not have money to do business. It began selling off and/or renting out its premises, going door-to-door to save its future, and employee morale hit rock bottom. The business had become unsustainable and unviable. With this as backdrop, the board of directors needs to decide on the company's future. What is their best option: liquidation, restructuring, merger or strategic partnership?