The case addresses the birth of Tencent Music Entertainment Group, China's music streaming leader. The case features two protagonists. One of them is Guomin Xie, a legally-trained senior executive at Sina.com, an early and highly influential Chinese internet company, employed in the period approximately from the beginning of that company's existence in the late 1990s until 2012. It was a highly challenging period for China's legitimate music market resulting in pervasive piracy. Among Guomin Xie's corporate responsibilities at Sina.com was acting as the head of Sina Music, a fledgling music streaming platform, which in turn enabled him to gain an extraordinary familiarity with China's struggling music market. Aided by his legal education and experience with China's imperfect copyright enforcement, he became consumed with a vision to create a major new company which would help kill the piracy cancer. The business model of the new company would combine streaming of legitimate music with exclusive ownership or rental of music copyrights. As the top management of Sina.com was not interested in pursuing Xie's vision, which would require major investments, he quit his job in 2012 and turned to entrepreneurship by founding China Music Corporation ("CMC"). He was faced immediately with three main challenges in his entrepreneurial career - (1) to enter into exclusive copyright agreements with music labels; (2) acquire two existing music streaming platforms; and (3) pursue fundraising. By September of the following year, he made good progress on the first two objectives, but still needed to close in on fundraising in order to complete challenge.
Costco Wholesale Corporation (Costco), the world's second-largest retailer, officially entered the Chinese market in Shanghai in August 2019. The opening day was so jam-packed with customers that the massive influx forced the company to close early, after only five hours of operations. However, after only one week, customers were lining up outside the store, asking Costco for refunds for their membership cards. The warehouse's traffic declined significantly as well. What caused this situation? Did Costco make the right decision to enter the Chinese market? Does Costco's membership system fit the Chinese market? What kinds of challenges will Costco face in the future?
In 2021, the car manufacturer National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS) faced the challenge of securing funding from its investor to launch an innovative mobility solution based on fleets of shared autonomous driving (AD) cars. The system was complex as it required the development of several interconnected components: from AD cars to a system to coordinate the vehicles with the city's digital and physical infrastructure. Furthermore, AD cars were still in a testing phase. The project was made even more complicated by NEVS' decision to target different customers: from companies which could use PONS as part of a leasing service or to transport goods, to municipalities willing to complement their public transportation services, or private citizens which could use it to commute or go shopping. NEVS felt the urge to launch the system. But was NEVS ready?
In November 2021, US Foods CEO Pietro Satriano must decide his company's trajectory following the COVID-19 pandemic. US Foods suffered due to business closures and social distancing during the height of the pandemic. While the situation improved following the return of indoor dining and in-person learning, an industry-wide shortage of truck drivers and warehouse selectors threatened to dampen its post-pandemic recovery. The US Foods team must determine the appropriate strategy for attracting and retaining new drivers and selectors. Meanwhile, the company planned to build additional locations for CHEF'STORE, its cash-and-carry warehouse brand, which promised to increase its geographic footprint and product offerings. Satriano must decide how to support the CHEF'STORE expansion in light of the foodservice distribution industry's continued supply chain challenges.
Cliff Asness was facing a dilemma into how he would plunge his hedge fund into the hottest investment area worldwide - ESG Investing. Founder and managing principal of AQR - one the most storied quantitative hedge funds in the world - Asness knew anything less than a big splash was not an option. To this end, Asness was planning to launch a liquid equity long-short fund he hoped would appeal to ESG sensitive clients. Shorting was unheard of in the ESG space, but Asness knew that it could send a new, and powerful message, on carbon neutrality - and ESG weighting more broadly - that he hoped ESG investors were ready to send. He would soon find out just that...
BUA Group must decide between investments in cement, road building, power generation, or sugar. Private businesses are important to economic development in Africa. Students must assess the competitive nature of each of these industries, the magnitude of capital investments and recurring costs and revenues, and the skills required to lead in each of these sectors. Additional considerations include federal and government policy to either regulate or stimulate each of these industries, the competitive set, and the relative size and impact of risks and uncertainties in each industry.
This case is set in 2020. In the latest credit cards sub-sector report from the Customer Satisfaction Index of Singapore (CSISG) survey by the Institute of Service Excellence (ISE) at the Singapore Management University, OCBC Bank's credit card business was ranked last again in terms of customer satisfaction, while an analysis of two key customer loyalty metrics, namely 'likelihood to use the credit card again' and 'likelihood to recommend their card', saw the bank faring only slightly better for the former, but again ranked last for the latter. Given these findings, Tammy Ang, an analyst at ISE, had been tasked with preparing a business consulting pitch for OCBC Bank's credit card business. Using her skills in business analytics, Ang hoped to use the data to provide useful insights for the bank to improve its customer loyalty performance.
This case follows the formation and growth of Guild, a company founded on the mission to unlock opportunity for America's workforce through education and upskilling for working employees. By connecting employees to educational programs through its three-sided marketplace, Guild increased access to learning opportunities for employees, improved retention and employee satisfaction for companies, and drove higher numbers of learners for universities. The case explores several leadership dilemmas in the context of Guild's rapid growth and success.
CEL was a loss-making Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) with many problems of discipline, operational inefficiencies, aggressive unions, skill gaps and high employee cost. The past restructuring of the company has not led to performance improvement. At the time, CEL had already eroded its net worth by nearly 90% and was merely INR 66 Million as against a paid-up capital of INR 558 Million. A glance at its balance sheet showed a large number of qualifications reflecting the health of systems in the company. CEL was established in the year 1974 as a Central Public Sector Enterprise, under the Ministry of Science & Technology, with an objective to commercialise technologies developed by National Laboratories and Research & Development Institutions in the country. In subsequent years, it had taken up the manufacturing of a wide range of products in collaboration with various labs & institutions. CEL initially started off with manufacturing of Ferrites as its primary business. Soon afterwards, it started its two key business verticals, Solar Photovoltaics (PV) and Railway Signalling systems. CEL is credited with pioneering the growth of Solar PV in India and holds the distinction of manufacturing India's First Solar Cell in 1977 and India's First Solar Panel in 1978. Later in 1991-92, CEL supplied and installed India's first Solar Power Plants (two 100 KW power plants in Aligarh and Ghosi Districts). These plants started operations in 1993. CEL had entered into the field of Solar PV in an era when the technology was largely limited to the domain of space research and there were only a handful of organisations in the field, even globally. CEL was the fourth largest manufacturer of solar modules in the world in late 1980s. CEL has played a pioneering role in a number of other areas as well, including development of Piezo elements for various applications-Ferrite based Phase Control Modules for Radar Arrays, Cadmium Zinc Telluride Substrates for night vision devices, etc.
In February 2019, Tim Hortons, Canada's iconic coffee franchise, opened its first coffee shop in China in Shanghai, thereby extending its international footprint to China. To accomplish this entry, Restaurant Brands International (RBI), the parent company of Tim Hortons, formed a joint venture (JV) Tim Hortons (China) Holdings Co., Ltd. (Tims China) with Cartesian Capital, a private equity fund that had operated in China for more than twenty years. As the minority owner, RBI granted Tims China the master franchise rights, covering the use of trademarks, core products, store management procedures, and so on. Cartesian Capital, on the other hand, held majority ownership and would manage the strategy and daily operation of the joint enterprise. A veteran of Cartesian Capital was dispatched to the JV to be its chief executive officer. The fast-growing coffee market in China presented enormous opportunities, but Tim Hortons was a latecomer compared with foreign brands like Starbucks and numerous local coffee providers. In this situation, how should he best position and expand Tim Hortons in the new market?
Anthony Palomba arrived in Charlottesville, Virginia, in August 2020 as a visiting scholar at the University of Virginia Darden School of Business (Darden). As a media-management and audience-analysis scholar, Palomba had previously assigned media- and entertainment-business-based cases to students to read. However, he had no idea how to exercise the case method in the classroom. In order to understand the case method, Palomba interviewed current Darden faculty members about best practices in pre-class planning, class discussion execution, and post-class or outside-class activities. In this note, Palomba organizes and summarizes what he discovered through these interviews, and reflects on his own case-study teaching experiences. Though he wrote this note for Darden faculty who are new to the case method, it is useful for any instructor taking on the case method for the first time. Moreover, it may serve as a refresher for veteran faculty members seeking inspiration or fresh perspectives.
As a senior project manager for the Colombian office of a consulting services firm, Lucia is responsible for hiring decisions regarding junior consultants. During a recent recruitment process, Lucia found out that a candidate who achieved a perfect score on the written test had cheated, with the help of Lucia's subordinate and close friend. She further learned that this candidate was motivated to commit fraud because of the medical needs of his young daughter. This A case asks students to step into Lucia's shoes and figure out an action plan that is both developmental (rather than merely punitive) and true to her values. This case set is intended for undergraduate students taking leadership, human resources, or ethics courses. The approach is based on the Giving Voice to Values (GVV) curriculum authored by Mary C. Gentile.
As a senior project manager for the Colombian office of a consulting services firm, Lucia is responsible for hiring decisions regarding junior consultants. During a recent recruitment process, Lucia found out that a candidate who had achieved a perfect score at the written test had cheated, with the help of Lucia's subordinate and close friend. She further learned that this candidate had been motivated to commit fraud because of the medical needs of his young daughter. The A case asks students to step into Lucia's shoes and figure out an action plan that is both developmental (rather than merely punitive) and true to her values; this B case presents students with Lucia's actual solution to the value conflict. This case set is intended for undergraduate students taking leadership, human resources, or ethics courses. The approach is based on the Giving Voice to Values (GVV) curriculum authored by Mary C. Gentile.
In 2019, Paratent Event Rentals Ltd. was facing the possibility of year end net losses. The co-owners of this Canadian business had recently invested in premium inventory, but a lackluster first quarter showed that they were not forecasted to get return on their investments. A new method of cost allocation was proposed to get Paratent back on track. When choosing between three conflicting future contracts, both the old and new methods of cost allocation needed to be implemented and considered. Using qualitative and quantitative analyses, Paratent needed to decide which job would be the most profitable and which cost allocation method to use in the future.