This case explores the decision that Bill Ackman, CEO and founder of the hedge fund Pershing Square Capital, was considering in late February 2020 about hedging the exposure of the fund's portfolio from the potential financial fallout ensuing from an extreme event like a global pandemic. Bill Ackman had become increasingly concerned about the hedge fund's exposure to a novel, highly infectious, and lethal coronavirus that was spreading across the globe. Ackman and his team needed to decide whether this was a risk worth hedging, and if so, which hedging instruments would best balance risk mitigation, explicit costs (fees and premia), opportunity costs, and the long-run objectives of the fund. Ackman and his team considered fully liquidating their portfolio, as well as hedging it with futures, options, and credit default swaps. For each alternative, they also needed to determine the optimal size and maturity of the hedging position, after accounting for uncertainty over the trajectory of the virus. This case provides students with ample opportunities to analyze and understand tail risk and how to manage it in practice, including explicit calculations of position sizing, costs, risks, and benefits of hedging alternatives.
This case explores the decision that Bill Ackman, CEO and founder of the hedge fund Pershing Square Capital, was considering in late February 2020 about hedging the exposure of the fund's portfolio from the potential financial fallout ensuing from an extreme event like a global pandemic. Bill Ackman had become increasingly concerned about the hedge fund's exposure to a novel, highly infections, and lethal coronavirus that was spreading across the globe. Ackman and his team needed to decide whether this was a risk worth hedging, and if so, which hedging instruments would best balance risk mitigation, explicit costs (fees and premia), opportunity costs, and the long-run objectives of the fund. Ackman and his team considered fully liquidating their portfolio, as well as hedging it with futures, options, and credit default swaps. For each alternative, they also needed to determine the optimal size and maturity of the hedging position, after accounting for uncertainty over the trajectory of the virus. This case provides students with ample opportunities to analyze and understand tail risk and how to manage it in practice, including explicit calculations of position sizing, costs, risks, and benefits of hedging alternatives.
This case explores the decision that Bill Ackman, CEO and founder of the hedge fund Pershing Square Capital, was considering in late February 2020 about hedging the exposure of the fund's portfolio from the potential financial fallout ensuing from an extreme event like a global pandemic. Bill Ackman had become increasingly concerned about the hedge fund's exposure to a novel, highly infections, and lethal coronavirus that was spreading across the globe. Ackman and his team needed to decide whether this was a risk worth hedging, and if so, which hedging instruments would best balance risk mitigation, explicit costs (fees and premia), opportunity costs, and the long-run objectives of the fund. Ackman and his team considered fully liquidating their portfolio, as well as hedging it with futures, options, and credit default swaps. For each alternative, they also needed to determine the optimal size and maturity of the hedging position, after accounting for uncertainty over the trajectory of the virus. This case provides students with ample opportunities to analyze and understand tail risk and how to manage it in practice, including explicit calculations of position sizing, costs, risks, and benefits of hedging alternatives.
This case explores the decision that Bill Ackman, CEO and founder of the hedge fund Pershing Square Capital, was considering in late February 2020 about hedging the exposure of the fund's portfolio from the potential financial fallout ensuing from an extreme event like a global pandemic. Bill Ackman had become increasingly concerned about the hedge fund's exposure to a novel, highly infections, and lethal coronavirus that was spreading across the globe. Ackman and his team needed to decide whether this was a risk worth hedging, and if so, which hedging instruments would best balance risk mitigation, explicit costs (fees and premia), opportunity costs, and the long-run objectives of the fund. Ackman and his team considered fully liquidating their portfolio, as well as hedging it with futures, options, and credit default swaps. For each alternative, they also needed to determine the optimal size and maturity of the hedging position, after accounting for uncertainty over the trajectory of the virus. This case provides students with ample opportunities to analyze and understand tail risk and how to manage it in practice, including explicit calculations of position sizing, costs, risks, and benefits of hedging alternatives.
Launched in 2015 by Melinda Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Pivotal Ventures is an investment and incubation company. The company aims to support and promote transformational ideas, people and organizations, and advance social progress for women and families in the U.S. Hoping to leverage and expand her expertise in mission-driven investing, Erin Harkless Moore (HBS 2012) recently took on the role of new Director of Investments in Pivotal Ventures. As the company prepares for the new phase of growth that would improve its position in the Venture Capital (VC) market, Harkless Moore is tasked to select the next VC fund that Pivotal Ventures would participate in as an investor. Which VC fund would allow Pivotal Ventures to support more diversity in VC investing? Should she change the scoring and review process that ultimately led the decision of which opportunity to invest in? How could Pivotal Ventures perform well and generate high returns while staying in line with its organizational goals?
In April 2020, global financial markets were still reeling as the COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly across the world. Global equity markets had initially fallen by 30% in response to the pandemic, and high-yield credit markets had dropped by nearly 20%. In contrast, U.S. Treasury markets were up 20% year-to-date (YTD). Interestingly, the U.S. Mortgage Backed Security (MBS) market had been much less responsive to the health crisis, exhibiting very low volatility throughout this period and returning about 2% YTD. Maya Russell, head of asset allocation research at a large global institutional investor, must make a recommendation on whether her fund's board should invest in MBS, and if so, whether this is a good time for the fund to implement the allocation and whether it should do so pursuing an active or a passive investment approach. This case covers a wide range of topics in fixed-income investing, including duration and interest rate risk, prepayment risk, mortgage securitization, and the design of mortgage-backed securities. These concepts are analyzed from the perspectives of both individual and professional investors in fixed-income and mortgage markets.
In early 2018, Blackstone announced that John McCormick would succeed Tom Hill as President and Chief Executive Officer of Blackstone Alternative Asset Management (BAAM), the largest fund-of-hedge funds in the world by a sizeable margin. As new CEO, McCormick must decide on strategic growth options for the firm as its traditional FOF business is maturing and growth in its nearly $80 billion in assets under management (AUM) is plateauing. In the recent past, BAAM had expanded into other investing businesses, making direct investments, seeding early-stage hedge funds, taking general partner stakes in investment management firms, and offering alternative investment products to retail investors. To determine the appropriate path forward, McCormick must assess whether BAAM has a competitive edge in each of these platforms, as well as if further expansion could create internal conflicts of interest within BAAM and, more broadly, Blackstone.
On June 21, 2016, Tesla Motors, Inc. announced its offer to acquire SolarCity, bringing CEO Elon Musk one step closer to completing his goal of moving the world from a hydrocarbon-based economy to a solar-electric one. Markets and analysts were mixed in their reaction to the announcement; some thought the deal would be a distraction to Tesla management at a critical time; others thought it was a "bailout" of SolarCity. Following weeks of due diligence, Tesla and SolarCity finalized their merger agreement and worked to justify the transaction. Joan Banister, a financial advisor, must prepare to address her clients' concerns about their various financial positions in Tesla and SolarCity.
Nickol Hackett, chief investment officer of the Cook County Pension Fund, is responsible for investing the fund's $9 billion worth of assets on behalf of the employees of Cook County, Illinois. Like many other defined-benefit pensions at the time, the Cook County pension faces a funding shortfall, meaning that the value of its assets is below the value of its future obligations to retirees. Hackett can invest in fixed income securities, public equities, and alternative assets such as hedge funds, real estate, or private equity. What are the costs and benefits of each asset class? Should the funding status of the pension impact the asset allocation process? How should Hackett invest in order to grow the value of the fund's assets and secure the retirement benefits for thousands of Cook County's employees?