In June 2018, Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services, Ltd., one of the largest infrastructure and financial services companies in India, shocked the investment community by defaulting on several debt repayments. Its previously highly-rated debt instruments were downgraded, triggering fears of a market liquidity crisis. In an attempt to defuse the crisis, the Government of India appointed an interim board of directors comprised of industry professionals. The new board faced the difficult task of getting the company back on track, but it first needed to answer several questions: What governance and intermediation failures led to this crisis? What was the company’s current financial position? What options were available to remedy the situation?
In April 2012, a chartered accountant and financial analyst for the manufacturing firm SRF Limited was asked by her chief financial officer to analyze the company’s cash dividend and share repurchase policy and provide recommendations for the next 12 to 24 months. SRF Limited was a ?38 billion multi-business entity. Having completed its third round of share buyback at ?380 per share, SRF Limited paid an interim and consistent dividend of ?7 per share. The company had engaged in a series of share buybacks since 2006. In light of India’s falling economic growth and pessimistic global economic outlook, the company needed to know if it would be able to maintain its growth. Should the company go ahead with another round of share buybacks and increasing dividends?
Kingfisher Airlines, a leading airline company in India, had incurred substantial losses and its net worth had been eroded. This news was widely covered by Indian and international press. Analysts and media were of the opinion that Kingfisher needed equity infusion to steer it through the distress. Because of its financial difficulties, the company’s stock was trading at near historic lows and its equity value was, in fact, negative. Yet company management was emphatic that Kingfisher was on the road to recovery although it was negotiating a second debt restructuring with banks. Would this restructuring prove more successful than the last? Could anything save Kingfisher from this dire financial situation?