Many companies view financial variables independently from ecological and social variables. Is it possible to hold one's organization equally accountable for financial performance and social responsibility? This field-based case is suitable for MBA and undergraduate courses or modules in sustainability and innovation, ethics, and corporate social responsibility. For REI, an outdoor gear and apparel manufacturer, the challenge lies in how to expand sustainability awareness through consensus building across the organization and with outside collaborators. As it designs a new strategic framework for the operations footprint, the company seeks to adopt a corporate strategy on product stewardship and adapt its philanthropy strategy around sustainability objectives.

The scientific consensus on climate change's origins in human activities has begun to influence international law and corporate policies. Suitable for MBA and undergraduate students, this technical note is a compilation that replaces a three-part series of the same name (UVA-ENT-0036, -0037, and -0038)International concern over global climate change began in the late 20th century, when scientists saw a correlation among increasing atmospheric concentrations of certain gases, human activities emitting those gases, and an unusual increase in global ambient temperature readings. The scientific community was joined by international policy makers who had grown concerned about reports of climate change impacts ranging from melting polar icecaps to regional flooding, drought, and extreme-weather events. While a small number of scientists disagree, most researchers suggest that prudence requires action to reduce human contributions to atmospheric pollutants that cause the greenhouse effect.

This brief background note provides an explanation and examples of biomimicry as an approach that provides insights into the innovative design of products and corporate strategy framing. Biomimicry uses nature's laws and successful strategies to inform commercial innovation.

This note provides background on a new certification process for B Corporations that enables companies to assess, compare, and protect the sustainability practices they integrate into corporate strategy. B Corporation status explicitly acknowledges stakeholder strategies and helps companies preserve triple bottom line accountability when and if they are sold/acquired.