• Investing in Sponsor-Backed IPOs: The Case of Hertz

    In November 2006, Alec Berg, a successful hedge fund manager, must decide whether to invest in the initial public offering (IPO) of the Hertz Corporation. The IPO followed a leveraged buyout (LBO) of Hertz that was completed in December 2005 by three prominent private equity firms that had combined to purchase Hertz from the Ford Motor Company for $14.9 billion. The LBO sponsors had borrowed an additional $1 billion on top of the buyout financing to pay themselves a special dividend in June 2006. This loan would be repaid with the IPO proceeds and any remaining proceeds from the IPO would go to the sponsors. The IPO generated widespread criticism with respect to the speed with which the IPO was conducted and the payment of special dividends. In the face of this criticism, the demand for the Hertz IPO weakened, and the offer price was reduced from the initial file price range of $16-$18 to just $15. Berg must assess whether at $15 per share, Hertz offers an attractive investment for this fund. The case provides the necessary information for students to analyze the sponsors' returns on their investment in Hertz and the attractiveness of the $15 offer price to public shareholders. The case also offers an opportunity for students to discuss the controversy surrounding the payment of special dividends and the claim that private equity sponsors invest with a long-term perspective that creates value for the company.
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  • Investing in Sponsor-Backed IPOs: The Case of Hertz, Spreadsheet Supplement

    In November 2006, Alec Berg, a successful hedge fund manager, must decide whether to invest in the initial public offering (IPO) of the Hertz Corporation. The IPO followed a leveraged buyout (LBO) of Hertz that was completed in December 2005 by three prominent private equity firms that had combined to purchase Hertz from the Ford Motor Company for $14.9 billion. The LBO sponsors had borrowed an additional $1 billion on top of the buyout financing to pay themselves a special dividend in June 2006. This loan would be repaid with the IPO proceeds and any remaining proceeds from the IPO would go to the sponsors. The IPO generated widespread criticism with respect to the speed with which the IPO was conducted and the payment of special dividends. In the face of this criticism, the demand for the Hertz IPO weakened, and the offer price was reduced from the initial file price range of $16-$18 to just $15. Berg must assess whether at $15 per share, Hertz offers an attractive investment for this fund. The case provides the necessary information for students to analyze the sponsors' returns on their investment in Hertz and the attractiveness of the $15 offer price to public shareholders. The case also offers an opportunity for students to discuss the controversy surrounding the payment of special dividends and the claim that private equity sponsors invest with a long-term perspective that creates value for the company.
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  • Oracle Corporation's Acquisition of Siebel Systems, Inc.: The Battle of Two Silicon Valley Titans Comes to an End

    In September 2005, after years of bitter competition, Siebel Systems Inc. finally agreed to be acquired by Oracle Corporation. The two companies preferred different forms of consideration as payment for Siebel Systems and used a deal structure known as a "double dummy" to satisfy both parties. The case requires students to examine how the unique deal structure meets the tax and non-tax preferences of the corporations and their shareholders.
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  • Effective "Estee-te" Tax Planning through Financial Engineering: Estee Lauder Companies, Inc.

    This case examines the creative strategies that the Lauder family used to monetize their position in Estée Lauder Companies, Inc. in the 1990s while deferring their tax liability on the appreciated position. The strategies include the use of the company's initial public offering to engage in a short-against-the-box transaction and the issuance of hybrid securities known as TRACES. The case allows the students to consider a variety of monetization strategies and the tax and non-tax consequences to those strategies. Students are also exposed to estate tax planning, taxation of derivatives and tax risk issues.
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