The case describes the relaunch of the popular bubble tea franchise Gong Cha in Singapore in December 2017. This was seven months after its 80 outlets were converted, within a week, into a new chain named LiHO TEA by the former Gong Cha franchisee. Kang Puay Seng, the new franchisee, had the advantage of a large loyal customer base waiting for Gong Cha's return, but also faced the challenge of balancing the expectations of the existing base of Gong Cha loyalists with the changes occurring in the fast-changing bubble tea market. In addition, he had to find new locations in an increasingly competitive market in which mall owners were now allowing multiple bubble tea brands to operate in the same mall. The COVID-19 crisis in 2020-21 was another shock that the franchise had to adapt to, especially during a two-month lockdown period. In 2022, five years after the relaunch, the bubble tea market seemed to continue attracting new entrants, with over 60 brands operating in Singapore. The case describes innovations in menu additions, retail format, and service model that have kept the Gong Cha brand popular in a competitive market. The challenge ahead is to continue to innovate as the bubble tea market would likely consolidate in the years to come.

Amara Hotels & Resorts is a family-managed public-listed company running three business hotels, one each in Singapore, Shanghai and Bangkok, in addition to a resort on the island of Sentosa off the southern coast of Singapore. The company is led by Albert Teo, the son of the hotel chain founder. The case describes the sustainability initiatives implemented by the Singapore hotels, and the firm's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in Singapore and Bangkok. As the COVID pandemic has deeply affected the fortunes of the hotel, Teo is considering various ways in which the hotel can respond in a substantive way to the growing requirements by investors, analysts and governments for Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) criteria to be fulfilled by corporations. Since it is a family-owned business, he is particularly conscious of the long-term legacy of the hotel brand name. In considering future initiatives for the hotel to advance its sustainability and CSR agenda, he would like to achieve a win-win situation in which there are tangible benefits for the world, as well as a long-term positive impact on the bottom line. The case illustrates this central challenge in running a modern corporation, especially a service business with an international clientele.

The case begins in 2009, when the Gong Cha franchise was launched in Singapore by entrepreneur Rodney Tang with a sole outlet in a mall. Within two years, the franchise expanded to 20 outlets, and another five years later, there were 80 outlets in the city-state, and Gong Cha had a well-established and loyal patronage. In 2016, when financial restructuring of the parent company led to some important changes in the operating clauses of the franchise agreement, Tang had to decide whether to extend the contract or to set up his own new chain. Taking away a brand, valued by so many loyal consumers (and one which might yet re-enter the Singapore market with a different operator), while introducing a new brand, located at the same outlets as the Gong Cha ones clearly presented some major challenges. Competitors like Koi, Sweet Talk and Each-a-Cup would also be looking to attract the loyal Gong Cha patrons. Establishing a new brand would have its own set of challenges. How could Tang differentiate from Gong Cha while not alienating the Gong Cha loyal consumer, especially when the original brand will likely return to the Singapore market?

It was end-2019 and seven years into the founding of Carousell, a Singapore-headquartered peer-to-peer online classified advertisements marketplace started by three friends, Quek Siu Rui, Marcus Tan and Lucas Ngoo. Valued at US$550 million, Carousell had gained wide popularity with a presence in seven markets across Asia Pacific. However new challenges that surfaced continued to confront the pioneer and market leader of mobile classifieds in Southeast Asia. Back in 2012, the opportunity and challenge the three young founders were facing was much simpler - to simplify a cumbersome and lengthy process to sell pre-owned items online. The trio built a smartphone app at a hackathon that reduced the time taken to list an item from ten minutes to 30 seconds. On a mission to inspire others to start selling, they adopted a mobile-first approach targeting young adults and gradually built a strong community of Carousellers over the years. With successive rounds of equity funding and scaling-up, soon came the question of monetisation. Carousell adopted a freemium business model, and began to roll out paid premium services for used-goods sellers to increase the visibility of their listings, and subscription services for professional sellers (such as real estate agents), to promote their properties. Having evolved from paper press to web desktop and mobile versions, what was next for the classifieds industry? Carousell reckoned Classified Version 4.0 would be AI-driven. How then could Carousell compete with new entrants, such as Facebook Marketplace, contending for a slice of the classified platform business? How could Carousell combat the increasing prevalence of online fraud on its platform to offer safety and assurance to its users? Would the monetizing efforts by providing paid services on the platform derail the community building effort that had been critical to Carousell's early success?

Even as Parachute oil is the clear brand leader in the branded regular coconut oil market, having rapidly taken away share from the loose oil market, there is a threat emerging. The fastest growing segment in this category is the Value Added Hair Oil (VAHO) market which is further divided into four sub-segments - perfumed, cooling, Coconut Oil + and non-coconut oil. In each of these four categories, Marico's offerings are laggards. Not only are their shares a lot lower than the individual brand leaders in these four categories, some of these brands are actually directly comparing themselves (in television advertisements) to the flagship Parachute coconut oil brand. Shome thus has to balance maintenance of the leading position in the coconut oil market, to minimise cannibalisation in promoting the various VAHO offerings of Marico, and to gain on the leaders in these other categories. At Kobe, Leong and her team provided end-to-end influencer marketing services for clients including consultation on marketing strategies for realising brand objectives, assisting clients in identifying KPIs, execution and monitoring of campaigns, analysis of campaign results and providing recommendations. In addition, Kobe's AI driven influencer platform allowed clients to choose the most suitable influencers from a database of over 5000 influencers. Millennials in Singapore were social media savvy and often-brought products based on recommendations of influencers they trusted. Targeting this customer segment through social media was therefore a viable option. However, the Jia Jia campaign had a few limitations including a small budget and a short timeframe. Another constraint was that herbal tea was not popular with millennials.

The case describes the challenges and opportunities of airport retailing in the confectionery category from both manufacturers' and retailers' perspectives. It is based in 2012, when Mondelez planned to launch a new flavour of its flagship brand, Toblerone, the first in 15 years, at Singapore, Bangkok and Kuala Lumpur international airports. The airport retail market was significant for Mondelez, and in particular, for the Toblerone brand, given that 23% of its sales came from the airport retail market. Distinctive consumer and shopping behaviour at airport confectionery stores, market segmentation by type of passenger and purchase motivation, importance of promotions, personal selling, display and sampling, and regional differences in the three airport markets were the key considerations for Mondelez while planning the launch of the new variant. Moreover, the timing of the proposed launch coincided with the upcoming festival season, a peak time for confectionary retailers at airports. The main takeaway from the case is a detailed understanding of how multiple factors influence airport retailing of confectionary brands and how it is significantly different from supermarket or city-side retailing.

Lieven Demeester was the Associate Dean of the Singapore Management University (SMU) Master of Business Administration (MBA) programme. The University was launched in 2000 as a school with a distinctive approach to undergraduate education relative to two well entrenched local competing business schools - both in terms of a broad-based curriculum and an interactive pedagogy that aimed at developing students with strong communication and collaborative skills. In 2008, SMU launched an MBA programme with a small cohort of 45 students (including both part-time and full-time) students. Since then, the programme had undergone a few changes to its curriculum and had expanded in size to around a hundred full-time and part-time students. SMU capitalised on its location in the heart of Singapore to attract foreign candidates who were keen to work in the country. However, regulatory changes had made it more difficult for foreign students to find jobs in the country after graduation. The MBA programme was especially important because growth of the undergraduate programme was constrained by the Ministry of Education, which subsidised tertiary education. Also, it is usually the flagship programme of a business school. The recruitment team regularly travelled to hold roadshows and information sessions within Asia while the marketing team used social and traditional media to raise awareness for the programme. The career services team was expanded to help students in their job searches. Deemester was considering getting the programme ranked internationally. How could he differentiate the SMU MBA programme from competing programmes, taking into account the needs of its target market?