The automobile industry is going through a dramatic change as electric vehicles (EVs) rapidly gain in popularity. Two companies in particular have dominated the EV market over the last decade: Tesla and Nissan. However, Nissan, despite its global presence and production capability, has lost significant market share to Tesla. Going forward, the company's operational and strategic decisions are vital to its success in the EV market. Tesla, on the other hand, has aggressively gained market share over the past decade, becoming the most dominant player in the EV market. The company has taken unique approaches for its supply and operations. Will Tesla be able to scale its operations to meet the rapidly increasing demand for EVs? With other large global automakers now turning their attention toward the EV market, will Tesla and Nissan be able to retain their market shares? This case discusses the approaches taken by Nissan and Tesla with their operational, supply chain, and marketing strategies to become leading EV manufacturers. It also sets the stage for the discussion on whether or not their current approaches will be optimal going forward.
N95 masks are an important aspect in the fight to prevent the spread of COVID-19 due to the virus's contagious nature. Coronavirus is a flu disease. It affects the respiratory tract of a person's body and causes difficulties in breathing. COVID-19 is a new strain of coronavirus that had not been previously identified in humans. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus who are symptomatic experience mild to moderate respiratory illness, fever, and fatigue, and recover without needing to be hospitalized. However, there are cases wherein people are asymptomatic (i.e., not showing any symptoms) but still test positive for the virus and complicate attempts to stop its spread. This case introduces students to critical issues that occurred in the supply chain for N95 masks during the global pandemic. While many students will be familiar with the fact that supply chain disruptions occurred during the crisis, many will not know the specific details or why these disruptions occurred. The case can be used to illustrate the fundamental operational issues that occurred throughout the N95 masks' supply chain, discuss where improvements should be made, and emphasize the concept of supply chain resiliency.
Dooly County Doughnuts (DCD), a south Georgia based doughnut shop, faces capacity issues as its sales continue to grow. As its doughnuts continue to increase in popularity, DCD must gain a better understanding of its current operational capacity. The DCD case captures three key concepts: capacity analysis, batches/setup times, and Little's Law. In particular, the case works well as a first time introduction to Little's Law. This case is suitable for an undergraduate or MBA introductory operations course, and works well as exam case. The material fits particularly well in a course module on process analysis. An example sequence could include: Pancho's Burrito (OM-1555), NoBull Burger (OM-1479), Dooly County Doughnuts, Czech-Mate (OM-1390), and Stonehaven (HBS 696-048). The material could be complimented with activities such as the face game and a teaching note on process analysis (e.g., OM-1556).
This technical note introduces students to fundamental concepts in process analysis and is appropriate for both undergraduate and MBA students in an introductory operations management course. It can be used as a stand-alone text for a lecture-based course or supplement for a case-based course. Concepts are broken out by section so that readings can be partitioned by class topic. Definitions of key terms are emphasized throughout the note, and a glossary is included in the appendix. Straightforward calculations are performed within the text to introduce students to process analysis. Topics covered include process mapping, capacity analysis, load balancing, batch processing, and Little's Law. A simple example of a Hawaiian-shirt production process is used to illustrate these core process-analysis topics.
Pancho's Burritos is a high-end fast-food restaurant located in Charlottesville, Virginia. Due to a recent surge in customers, the lines at the restaurant during peak hours are becoming very long and causing excessive customer waiting. To improve current customer wait times and plan for future growth requirements, Francisco "Pancho" Escoba, the proprietor, wants to get a better understanding of the current operational capacity. The key decision Escoba must make is how to redesign his burrito-making process to increase the capacity and reduce customer wait time. Suitable for an undergraduate or MBA course, the case can be used in an introductory operations course to teach capacity analysis and queuing. The case provides a relatable and understandable setting for students without an operations background to gain a better grasp of basic course concepts and illustrates how interactions between capacity and queuing affect one another. As an exam or review case it works well because it contains standard process calculations that all students should know how to perform.
In 2007, Eastman Chemical (Eastman), a global specialty chemicals company based in Kingsport, Tennessee, was set to launch Tritan, Eastman's latest specialty plastic. The development team was excited about Tritan because it demonstrated heat resistance and durability properties that might allow Eastman to compete in the lucrative polycarbonate plastics market. But the decision had not been made regarding which applications Eastman should target first with Tritan.
Joe Smith, senior director of merchandise management at Beautiful Bags (BB), was about to place a large order for the upcoming winter season. He had to decide how many pieces he should order of each product. But another big question whether BB should source the product from its domestic manufacturing facility, its Chinese suppliers, or some combination of the two given the timing needs, labor costs, minimum order requirements, and BB's expanding product assortment?
Joe Smith, senior director of merchandise management at Beautiful Bags (BB), was about to place a large order for the upcoming winter season. He had to decide how many pieces he should order of each product. But another big question whether BB should source the product from its domestic manufacturing facility, its Chinese suppliers, or some combination of the two given the timing needs, labor costs, minimum order requirements, and BB's expanding product assortment?
Charlie Reese, an operations manager for a fragrance manufacturer, is given a directive to reduce costs in order to free up working capital for other initiatives. Reese discovers that his initial plan to approach the problem from an inventory perspective would be unsustainable. In evaluating his options, he must determine which other areas of the production process to focus on.
"This field-based case gives supply-chain educators the ability to teach the newsvendor model with pricing under a capacity constraint using real-life decisions. This case won the prestigious INFORMS Case Competition during the 2013 annual conference. By 2005, Eastman Chemical Company, based in Tennessee, had created a new specialty plastic, Tritan, which demonstrated heat resistance and durability properties that might allow Eastman to compete in the lucrative polycarbonate plastics market. Development of this product was a major breakthrough for both Eastman and the broader chemical industry. The Eastman specialty plastics team had to contend with numerous challenges, however, before producing Tritan at full scale. First, Eastman had to commercialize a completely new material that only had been produced in the lab; second, the team had to develop a supply chain to manufacture a new component (monomer) and a new product (polymer) simultaneously; and finally, it had to analyze market entrance options given capacity constraints. Thus, the specialty plastics team faced several dilemmas: who should be the initial launch partners, given Eastman's limited manufacturing capacity, and how aggressively should Eastman price Tritan, given that price would drive demand in the launch markets and in new markets? "
NoBull Burger, a new Charlottesville-based vegetarian burger producer, was at a critical junction in its growth. While the business had a number of problems, including marketing, distribution, and cash flow issues, one major concern was that sales were expanding rapidly, and NoBull was unsure if current production could keep pace with demand. NoBull needed to examine the operations portion of its business to determine its current capacity, to identify potential improvements to the current operation, and to detail NoBull's future operational requirements. The analysis would be a key first step in NoBull's eventual goal to expand nationwide.