By 2022, Meta was the world's largest social media company, with around 3 billion users sharing 140 billion messages and a billion stories a day. Over 200 million businesses used Meta apps like Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. Meta's primary source of revenue was advertising. Its proclaimed mission was to "give people the power to build community and bring the world closer together" and its principles were to "give people a voice; build connection and community; serve everyone; keep people safe and protect privacy; promote economic opportunity." Facebook, which was Meta's original platform and, from 2004 to 2021, the source of the company's name, had 1.97 billion daily users around the world. More than 80 percent of adult social media users in the United States reported visiting Facebook at least once a week in 2022, and the platform's global penetration was nearly 40 percent. This case focuses specifically on the use of Facebook for political speech in the United States and around the world. It covers the advent of Facebook as a political tool; the "Facebook era" in American presidential elections, including charges of Russian interference, "fake news" and disinformation, and targeted advertising; allegations of unfair censorship and double standards; the 2021 "whistleblower," Frances Haugen; and the Facebook response to all these issues. The case also considers the role of Facebook in the Myanmar genocide and the Polish political landscape.

This case reviews the path to the passage of the Affordable Care Act, and the subsequent efforts that have been undertaken to repeal it. It focuses on the role of the government and interest groups in shaping policy.

This case describes President Donald Trump's steel and aluminum tariffs of 2018. The case covers the recent history of U.S. trade protectionism in these industries, as well as the domestic and international politics surrounding the Trump tariffs. The case discusses industry reaction to the tariffs, as well as their implementation by the Department of Commerce, and retaliation by other countries.

In April 2018, Facebook co-founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg was called to Capitol Hill to be the star witness at congressional hearings intended to examine Facebook's "breaches of trust" with its users and "larger questions about the fundamental relationship tech companies have with their users." Zuckerberg admitted that his company faced "a number of important issues around privacy, safety, and democracy" but emphasized that his company was "idealistic and optimistic...focused on all the good that connecting people can bring." This ethics case (A) explores some of the issues Facebook has faced since 2014, the criticism it has come under, and its responses. These issues include the "emotional contagion experiment;" privacy issues; fake news; Russian interference in US elections; the "Cambridge Analytica" scandal; charges of bias through targeted ads; and accusations of liberal bias and censorship. The second part of the case (B) then describes some of Facebook's policy responses to these issues, including tweaking the algorithm; developing and deploying new AI tools; changing its mission; and communicating with the public.

In April 2018, Facebook co-founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg was called to Capitol Hill to be the star witness at congressional hearings intended to examine Facebook's "breaches of trust" with its users and "larger questions about the fundamental relationship tech companies have with their users." Zuckerberg admitted that his company faced "a number of important issues around privacy, safety, and democracy" but emphasized that his company was "idealistic and optimistic...focused on all the good that connecting people can bring." This ethics case (A) explores some of the issues Facebook has faced since 2014, the criticism it has come under, and its responses. These issues include the "emotional contagion experiment;" privacy issues; fake news; Russian interference in US elections; the "Cambridge Analytica" scandal; charges of bias through targeted ads; and accusations of liberal bias and censorship. The second part of the case (B) then describes some of Facebook's policy responses to these issues, including tweaking the algorithm; developing and deploying new AI tools; changing its mission; and communicating with the public.

Back in 1999, the Spanish oil company Repsol purchased 98 percent of the Argentine oil company YPF's shares for more than $15 billion and changed its name to Repsol-YPF. At the time, the New York Times said the deal "appears to be a perfect marriage" and asked, "Repsol-YPF: As Good as It Gets?" However, on April 16, 2012, that "perfect marriage" was effectively annulled when Argentine president Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner announced that her government was expropriating YPF. "The model chosen for the future of YPF is not nationalization," said Fernandez, "but recovery of sovereignty and control of hydrocarbons." This case explores, in three parts, the background to the expropriation of YPF; the responses considered by Repsol; and Repsol's ultimate decision to fight the expropriation, which resulted in its receiving $5 billion in guaranteed bonds from the Argentine government.

Supplement to case P90. Back in 1999, the Spanish oil company Repsol purchased 98 percent of the Argentine oil company YPF's shares for more than $15 billion and changed its name to Repsol-YPF. At the time, the New York Times said the deal "appears to be a perfect marriage" and asked, "Repsol-YPF: As Good as It Gets?" However, on April 16, 2012, that "perfect marriage" was effectively annulled when Argentine president Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner announced that her government was expropriating YPF. "The model chosen for the future of YPF is not nationalization," said Fernandez, "but recovery of sovereignty and control of hydrocarbons." This case explores, in three parts, the background to the expropriation of YPF; the responses considered by Repsol; and Repsol's ultimate decision to fight the expropriation, which resulted in its receiving $5 billion in guaranteed bonds from the Argentine government.

Supplement to case P90. Back in 1999, the Spanish oil company Repsol purchased 98 percent of the Argentine oil company YPF's shares for more than $15 billion and changed its name to Repsol-YPF. At the time, the New York Times said the deal "appears to be a perfect marriage" and asked, "Repsol-YPF: As Good as It Gets?" However, on April 16, 2012, that "perfect marriage" was effectively annulled when Argentine president Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner announced that her government was expropriating YPF. "The model chosen for the future of YPF is not nationalization," said Fernandez, "but recovery of sovereignty and control of hydrocarbons." This case explores, in three parts, the background to the expropriation of YPF; the responses considered by Repsol; and Repsol's ultimate decision to fight the expropriation, which resulted in its receiving $5 billion in guaranteed bonds from the Argentine government.

Psaltry International Limited was an agricultural processing company located in rural Nigeria. The company refined cassava into high-quality food-grade starch, which was used in many consumer products. As of 2016, Psaltry had 300 employees and operated two production lines. The company was growing rapidly, but its founder, Ms Yemisi Iranloye, faced key strategic decisions about whether to expand production, and how to source two water and electricity for the company's factory. These inputs were difficult to obtain because of the lack of government-supplied infrastructure in rural Nigeria. Indeed, although many outsiders considered the Nigerian business environment to be challenging due to problems like corruption and the threat of violence, from Ms. Iranloye's perspective the challenge of obtaining power and water was every bit as important. One possible solution was for Psaltry to increase its own power generation and water supply capacity. This approach would require substantial up-front investment. It also carried a risk, as local communities could not rely on government-operated infrastructure, and might expect Psaltry to provide them with power and water. Although Ms. Iranloye was proud of Psaltry's track record of promoting community development, she was acutely aware that Psaltry was not in a position to fully satisfy local communities' needs for power and water. For water, Ms Iranloye considered three main options: drilling deeper wells, building a dam, or building a supply pipe to source water from a government dam. For power, her three main options were to build a biogas plant, rely on costly diesel generators, or increase the company's use of government-supplied electricity.

Driverless cars - once the stuff of science fiction - are fast becoming reality. Indeed, some automotive companies have said they expect to sell autonomous vehicles to the public by 2020. The advent of such self-driving vehicles raises numerous ethical and legal questions that will need to be addressed before such cars can hit the road in significant numbers. This case traces the history and evolution of auto safety in the United States, beginning with the very first automotive-related fatality on September 13, 1899 and ending with a coming era in which, some predict, humans will be banned from driving their own vehicles and machines will be obliged to have ethical systems.

On June 27, 2012, the storied British bank Barclays admitted that it repeatedly attempted to rig the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) over a four-year period from 2005-2009. In its settlement, Barclays agreed to pay $453 million in fines and penalties to bank regulators in the U.K. and U.S. The media decried Barclays' rate-rigging efforts as "the scandal of all scandals" and bemoaned the spread of "Wall Street sleaze." By late 2012, dozens of other banks did indeed face LIBOR-rigging inquiries by regulators in various countries. This case delves into the scandal, exploring how the rate-rigging worked, who knew what when, and how the blame was laid, allowing students to explore the social and situational pressures involved in the rigging of the LIBOR.