In December 2021, the director of Options Pregnancy Centre (Options) was challenged with determining how to expand the services offered by the organization in its Montreal, Quebec, community, as the need to support women who planned to carry their pregnancies and pursue parenting was becoming more acute. Options already offered counselling, grief and loss support, and a variety of parenting programs; it also facilitated required medical services and provided opportunities for pregnant teens to live with host families on either short- or long-term bases. The organization occasionally had opportunities to develop its own residential program. Doing so would mean shifting its strategy from providing services on a non-residential basis to having its own residential program. Should Options expand its current non-residential programs? Should it more actively recruit families who were willing to take pregnant teenagers into their homes for short periods of time? Should it take the bold step of making an offer on a residential building that was currently available? The director recognized that it would be necessary to carefully prioritize Options’ programming to ensure that it could secure the resources it needed to run effective programs.

In December 2021, the director of Options Pregnancy Centre (Options) was challenged with determining how to expand the services offered by the organization in its Montreal, Quebec, community, as the need to support women who planned to carry their pregnancies and pursue parenting was becoming more acute. Options already offered counselling, grief and loss support, and a variety of parenting programs; it also facilitated required medical services and provided opportunities for pregnant teens to live with host families on either short- or long-term bases. The organization occasionally had opportunities to develop its own residential program. Doing so would mean shifting its strategy from providing services on a non-residential basis to having its own residential program. Should Options expand its current non-residential programs? Should it more actively recruit families who were willing to take pregnant teenagers into their homes for short periods of time? Should it take the bold step of making an offer on a residential building that was currently available? The director recognized that it would be necessary to carefully prioritize Options' programming to ensure that it could secure the resources it needed to run effective programs.

Big Brothers Big Sisters of Niagara (BBBSN) was a not-for-profit (NFP) organization that offered mentoring and other programs for children and youth. The organization recruited and deployed volunteers in a variety of positions, including those available through its mentoring program, thrift store, bingo halls, and periodic fundraising events. However, while demand for BBBSN’s services was increasing, the number of people willing to volunteer their time was declining. Since BBBSN was a newly amalgamated organization that had combined three Niagara-region Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) agencies over the past two years, the fundraising and events coordinator of BBBSN also had to develop an integrated volunteer recruitment and fundraising program that would create a stronger voice for BBBS in the whole Niagara region.

Big Brothers Big Sisters of Niagara (BBBSN) was a not-for-profit (NFP) organization that offered mentoring and other programs for children and youth. The organization recruited and deployed volunteers in a variety of positions, including those available through its mentoring program, thrift store, bingo halls, and periodic fundraising events. However, while demand for BBBSN's services was increasing, the number of people willing to volunteer their time was declining. Since BBBSN was a newly amalgamated organization that had combined three Niagara-region Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) agencies over the past two years, the fundraising and events coordinator of BBBSN also had to develop an integrated volunteer recruitment and fundraising program that would create a stronger voice for BBBS in the whole Niagara region.

In January 2022, the leaders of the Canadian charity organization International Needs Canada recognized that individual child sponsorship had serious flaws and was not as impactful as it once had been. They sought to move donors from individual child sponsorship to the more beneficial group sponsorship model. The director of communications and marketing had to determine which donor group to target as he launched the program. As the new model could disrupt the industry. The organization also had to consider the reaction of much larger competitors. Furthermore, International Needs Canada was not replacing its own individual child sponsorship model with group sponsorship; instead, both programs would run simultaneously.

In January 2022, the leaders of the Canadian charity organization International Needs Canada recognized that individual child sponsorship had serious flaws and was not as impactful as it once had been. They sought to move donors from individual child sponsorship to the more beneficial group sponsorship model. The director of communications and marketing had to determine which donor group to target as he launched the program. As the new model could disrupt the industry. The organization also had to consider the reaction of much larger competitors. Furthermore, International Needs Canada was not replacing its own individual child sponsorship model with group sponsorship; instead, both programs would run simultaneously.

In January 2022, a partner in Homeland Foods was identifying Canadian distribution channels through which to launch dried fruit products from his company based in Armenia. He needed to identify the most appropriate initial target market, select the most effective distribution channel(s), and develop an effective marketing strategy. Distribution channels under consideration included general grocery stores, ethnic food stores, natural food stores, gourmet food stores, and online distribution. Promotions concerns included finding a plan that would reach an appropriate customer segment on a limited budget. He was also concerned about how well the Armenian branding would transfer to a Canadian audience.

In January 2022, a partner in Homeland Foods was identifying Canadian distribution channels through which to launch dried fruit products from his company based in Armenia. He needed to identify the most appropriate initial target market, select the most effective distribution channel(s), and develop an effective marketing strategy. Distribution channels under consideration included general grocery stores, ethnic food stores, natural food stores, gourmet food stores, and online distribution. Promotions concerns included finding a plan that would reach an appropriate customer segment on a limited budget. He was also concerned about how well the Armenian branding would transfer to a Canadian audience.

Ben Van Weelden, Manager of Scenic Floral, was considering providing direct-to-door delivery to Northern Ontario stores for its main customer, Metro Inc. Scenic was looking for ways to increase sales and profit, but also had its eye on providing coast-to-coast delivery of cut flowers in Canada, with the help of its partner-shareholder, Petals West. However, it would need to be advantageous for both Scenic and Metro to make this a viable option.

Ben Van Weelden, Manager of Scenic Floral, was considering providing direct-to-door delivery to Northern Ontario stores for its main customer, Metro Inc. Scenic was looking for ways to increase sales and profit, but also had its eye on providing coast-to-coast delivery of cut flowers in Canada, with the help of its partner-shareholder, Petals West. However, it would need to be advantageous for both Scenic and Metro to make this a viable option.

In May 2020, Scenic Floral Inc. (Scenic), a Beamsville, Ontario start-up that sourced fresh cut flowers from Colombian farms and the Niagara Peninsula, was aggressively looking to expand the business. The company's Mother's Day sales had started out very slowly in 2020 as the floral industry in Canada and worldwide began to recover from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While a flurry of last-minute orders from Scenic's two largest customers meant sales for the holiday had been strong overall, the company's manager and partners knew they would have to strike a careful balance in growing their business-continuing to focus on their main customers while considering whether to expand the current product line, add retail customers, perform processing services, serve as a sub-supplier, export to the United States, or launch into e-commerce. Capacity constraints meant they might need to make trade-offs between growing the core business and appropriately timing new opportunities. With so many opportunities available, how could they maintain their existing customers while planting the seeds for growth when the timing was right?

In May 2020, Scenic Floral Inc. (Scenic), a Beamsville, Ontario start-up that sourced fresh cut flowers from Colombian farms and the Niagara Peninsula, was aggressively looking to expand the business. The company’s Mother’s Day sales had started out very slowly in 2020 as the floral industry in Canada and worldwide began to recover from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While a flurry of last-minute orders from Scenic’s two largest customers meant sales for the holiday had been strong overall, the company’s manager and partners knew they would have to strike a careful balance in growing their business—continuing to focus on their main customers while considering whether to expand the current product line, add retail customers, perform processing services, serve as a sub-supplier, export to the United States, or launch into e-commerce. Capacity constraints meant they might need to make trade-offs between growing the core business and appropriately timing new opportunities. With so many opportunities available, how could they maintain their existing customers while planting the seeds for growth when the timing was right?

Eagles Nest Association of Waterdown was a not-for-profit organization in Waterdown, Ontario. It had two active programs: the HOPE Centre (Home of Practical Education) and Rescued & Restored (R&R), a thrift shop that provided up to 40 per cent of the organization's revenue. Changes in the retail environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and increased turnover of volunteers at the store have forced the volunteer coordinator to evaluate the costs and benefits of the organization's staffing model. Should Eagles Nest hire paid staff as sales associates for the thrift store or recruit volunteers to fill those roles?

Eagles Nest Association of Waterdown was a not-for-profit organization in Waterdown, Ontario. It had two active programs: the HOPE Centre (Home of Practical Education) and Rescued & Restored (R&R), a thrift shop that provided up to 40 per cent of the organization’s revenue. Changes in the retail environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and increased turnover of volunteers at the store have forced the volunteer coordinator to evaluate the costs and benefits of the organization’s staffing model. Should Eagles Nest hire paid staff as sales associates for the thrift store or recruit volunteers to fill those roles?

Eagles Nest Association of Waterdown (Eagles Nest) was a not-for-profit organization (NFP) in Waterdown, Ontario which focused on assisting women and children fleeing abusive situations. They closed a transitional home because the lease was not renewed on the property and the lease on their thrift shop was not being renewed. That left a centre which provided support to families. The executive director had to recommend a new strategy, one that left Eagles Nest less reactive to environmental factors. Should Eagles Nest look for another property for the transitional home? Should it move the thrift shop or find another source of funding? Should it just focus on The HOPE Centre; and if so, should it expand the Centre's programming?

Eagles Nest Association of Waterdown (Eagles Nest) was a not-for-profit organization (NFP) in Waterdown, Ontario which focused on assisting women and children fleeing abusive situations. They closed a transitional home because the lease was not renewed on the property and the lease on their thrift shop was not being renewed. That left a centre which provided support to families. The executive director had to recommend a new strategy, one that left Eagles Nest less reactive to environmental factors. Should Eagles Nest look for another property for the transitional home? Should it move the thrift shop or find another source of funding? Should it just focus on The HOPE Centre; and if so, should it expand the Centre’s programming?

In late January of 2020, Hratch Jabrayan of Homeland Foods contemplated international expansion into North America and increasing exports to Russia. Would potential customers appreciate and pay a premium for the high-quality, organically-produced dried fruits and nuts. Was the product line’s brand name (“Vozni” was Armenian for “hedgehog”) culturally transferrable? Was it financially feasible to bring the product to Canada and the United States? How would other elements of the marketing mix need to be adjusted for Homeland’s entry into both the Canadian and American markets for dried fruit products?

In late January of 2020, Hratch Jabrayan of Homeland Foods contemplated international expansion into North America and increasing exports to Russia. Would potential customers appreciate and pay a premium for the high-quality, organically-produced dried fruits and nuts. Was the product line's brand name ("Vozni" was Armenian for "hedgehog") culturally transferrable? Was it financially feasible to bring the product to Canada and the United States? How would other elements of the marketing mix need to be adjusted for Homeland's entry into both the Canadian and American markets for dried fruit products?

Nuway Software (Nuway) specialized in custom mobile software. While it had procured many contracts over its 15 year history, mostly for the less than truckload and courier sectors of the transportation industry, by the beginning of 2020, it had not found a way to be consistently profitable. Therefore, the goal of Peter Neely, the company’s president, was to develop recurring revenue streams. The question was how best to accomplish this goal. Should the company continue with its current business model of building custom software using its Nulogic framework but focus on a diversification strategy? Should it move fully into the creation of an off the shelf software package? Should it utilize a hybrid approach of customizing off the shelf software?

Nuway Software (Nuway) specialized in custom mobile software. While it had procured many contracts over its 15 year history, mostly for the less than truckload and courier sectors of the transportation industry, by the beginning of 2020, it had not found a way to be consistently profitable. Therefore, the goal of Peter Neely, the company's president, was to develop recurring revenue streams. The question was how best to accomplish this goal. Should the company continue with its current business model of building custom software using its Nulogic framework but focus on a diversification strategy? Should it move fully into the creation of an off the shelf software package? Should it utilize a hybrid approach of customizing off the shelf software?