In 2013, Germany-based athletic products maker Adidas AG (Adidas) formed a partnership with rapper Kanye West (who legally changed his name to Ye in October 2021) to launch the Yeezy shoe line. Starting in the 1980s, sneakers had crossed over into the mainstream market as fashion accessories and Adidas saw this as a way to catch up with industry leader Nike Inc. While the partnership was lucrative for Adidas—its sales and profits grew substantially during the partnership period—West’s public behaviour and in his dealings with Adidas employees caused both external and internal backlash. At first, Adidas ignored West’s adverse behaviour and pushed hard to monetize the relationship. Following a widely publicized action by West at a Yeezy fashion show in Paris, France, in October 2022, Adidas discontinued the partnership. However, HRSA-ILA Funds, an employee retirement fund manager, filed charges in late 2023 accusing Adidas of condoning West’s behaviour and not disclosing it to its shareholders. Adidas’s supervisory board chair, Thomas Rabe, and newly appointed chief executive officer, Bjorn Gulden, had to address both the legal and business consequences of the company’s actions.
In December 2023, Avenue Supermarts Limited, operating as DMart, celebrated its robust performance in the offline retail sector in India. Since its establishment in 2002, DMart had built a sizable network of profitable offline stores, showcasing industry-leading metrics. However, its online subsidiary faced losses, prompting the management to confront pivotal decisions for future expansion. The management grappled with the choice of expanding its physical stores and deliberated on the strategic approach: Should it broaden geographically or deepen existing clusters? Simultaneously, they confronted the challenge of resource allocation for the online business amid intense competition and recent financial setbacks. DMart's leadership stood at a crossroads, weighing options to sustain offline success while addressing the complexities of online market dynamics and profitability.
In December 2023, Avenue Supermarts Limited, operating as DMart, celebrated its robust performance in the offline retail sector in India. Since its establishment in 2002, DMart had built a sizable network of profitable offline stores, showcasing industry-leading metrics. However, its online subsidiary faced losses, prompting the management to confront pivotal decisions for future expansion. The management grappled with the choice of expanding its physical stores and deliberated on the strategic approach: Should it broaden geographically or deepen existing clusters? Simultaneously, they confronted the challenge of resource allocation for the online business amid intense competition and recent financial setbacks. DMart’s leadership stood at a crossroads, weighing options to sustain offline success while addressing the complexities of online market dynamics and profitability.
In May 2023, Shake Shack Inc., the New York City-based fast-casual restaurant chain faced an activist’s campaign from Engaged Capital LLC. Citing poor performance compared to industry peers over the 2020–2022 period, Engaged Capital sought three board seats, with its nominees to have industry-specific expertise, to advise Shake Shack’s management team on turning around the multi-unit chain. Shake Shack had a dual-share capital structure with founder, Daniel Meyer, and his associates controlling 85.9 per cent of the voting rights. Meyer and the board had to consider and respond to Engaged Capital’s push for board seats at Shake Shack’s annual shareholder meeting on June 29, 2023.
In mid-September 2022, Saumil Majmudar, the co-founder, chief executive officer, and managing director of Sportz Village faced a problem. The company, based in Bengaluru, India, was India’s leading sports education organization, which provided a structured physical education (PE) curriculum to K–12 schools. Thirteen years after its inception, EduSports, a division of Sportz Village, was unable to reach its goal of penetrating 5,000 schools with its PE curriculum. Research had indicated that the low penetration rate stemmed from not offering inter-school sports competitions to showcase the ability of the students involved in the structured PE program. Majmudar had to evaluate between two funding sources to enable EduSports to offer inter-school sports competitions: pass on the increased subscription price to students or keep the subscription price the same but look for brands to offset the increased costs of running inter-school events. Given that the yearly sales cycle would begin in about two weeks, Majmudar’s decision was urgent.
In mid-September 2022, Saumil Majmudar, the co-founder, chief executive officer, and managing director of Sportz Village faced a problem. The company, based in Bengaluru, India, was India's leading sports education organization, which provided a structured physical education (PE) curriculum to K-12 schools. Thirteen years after its inception, EduSports, a division of Sportz Village, was unable to reach its goal of penetrating 5,000 schools with its PE curriculum. Research had indicated that the low penetration rate stemmed from not offering inter-school sports competitions to showcase the ability of the students involved in the structured PE program. Majmudar had to evaluate between two funding sources to enable EduSports to offer inter-school sports competitions: pass on the increased subscription price to students or keep the subscription price the same but look for brands to offset the increased costs of running inter-school events. Given that the yearly sales cycle would begin in about two weeks, Majmudar's decision was urgent.
In August 2022, Falguni Nayar, the founder and chief executive officer of Nykaa-a Mumbai, India-based omnichannel beauty, personal care, and fashion retailer-confronted declining profitability and a stock price that had fallen 36 per cent since the company's initial public offering in late 2021. As a woman entrepreneur who had launched her venture at the age of 49, Nayar's attempt to emulate the French multinational retailer Sephora in the Indian market had had a strong start amid heady media coverage. However, the company had been expanding out of its core beauty and personal care market, where it was an early entrant, to the crowded and highly competitive fashion market, which impacted profitability. Nayar and her management team had to address two major issues: determining how to increase profitability and deciding whether or not to make a strong push to India's Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities, where the competitive intensity was likely to be lower, but the demographics were unlike those in the country's large metropolitan areas, where Nykaa was successful.
In July 2021, Scarlett Johansson, the star of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Black Widow, sued The Walt Disney Company (Disney), the producer of the film, for breach of contract when it simultaneously released the movie in theatres and on Disney+, the company's streaming platform, which resulted in a reduction of her compensation. The film saw a sharp drop in ticket sales in weeks two and three and ended its theatrical run with a much lower box-office take than many of the other MCU films. The lawsuit alleged that Disney's vertical integration into streaming had caused a conflict of interest that had adverse consequences for talent compensation. Disney's chief executive officer, Bob Chapek, was faced with the difficult decision of how to address talent compensation in light of streaming's growing popularity, as Disney+ competed on the quality and availability of content.
Dr. Wehrheim Winery, a family business located in the Palatinate region of Germany faced a critical decision. While the business was controlled by the third-generation owner, Karl-Heinz, his son, Franz, had come up with a plan of launching a secondary line of wines exclusively for the retail channel. Because of the winery's limited supply of grapes from its vineyard, Franz wanted to source grapes from the market for the proposed new line. While Karl-Heinz was reluctant to support the idea because of the risks involved, Franz saw this as the opportunity to showcase his leadership skills as a prelude to becoming the fourth-generation owner of the business. Franz had a month to come up with a sound rationale to get his father's support for the secondary line.
In August 2022, Falguni Nayar, the founder and chief executive officer of Nykaa—a Mumbai, India–based omnichannel beauty, personal care, and fashion retailer—confronted declining profitability and a stock price that had fallen 36 per cent since the company’s initial public offering in late 2021. As a woman entrepreneur who had launched her venture at the age of 49, Nayar’s attempt to emulate the French multinational retailer Sephora in the Indian market had had a strong start amid heady media coverage. However, the company had been expanding out of its core beauty and personal care market, where it was an early entrant, to the crowded and highly competitive fashion market, which impacted profitability. Nayar and her management team had to address two major issues: determining how to increase profitability and deciding whether or not to make a strong push to India’s Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities, where the competitive intensity was likely to be lower, but the demographics were unlike those in the country’s large metropolitan areas, where Nykaa was successful.
In July 2021, Scarlett Johansson, the star of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Black Widow, sued The Walt Disney Company (Disney), the producer of the film, for breach of contract when it simultaneously released the movie in theatres and on Disney+, the company’s streaming platform, which resulted in a reduction of her compensation. The film saw a sharp drop in ticket sales in weeks two and three and ended its theatrical run with a much lower box-office take than many of the other MCU films. The lawsuit alleged that Disney’s vertical integration into streaming had caused a conflict of interest that had adverse consequences for talent compensation. Disney’s chief executive officer, Bob Chapek, was faced with the difficult decision of how to address talent compensation in light of streaming’s growing popularity, as Disney+ competed on the quality and availability of content.
In early June 2021, an independent investigation team released its report into the way Japan-based Toshiba Corporation (Toshiba) had conducted its 2020 annual shareholder meeting, finding that the company had mishandled the annual general meeting with respect to shareholder rights. As a result, Toshiba had to deal with the immediate problem of putting up a new slate of nominee board directors to be put to a vote at the next annual shareholder meeting to be held on June 25, 2021. Toshiba also had to deal with the long-term problem of improving the company’s corporate governance and re-establish trust in the way the company was run. The board had one week in which to prepare a plan to present at the annual general meeting that would restore trust in the company.
KeHE Distributors LLC., a $5.5 billion in revenues Illinois-based B Corp certified supplier of natural and organic food products across North America conducted a pilot study in 2020-2021 involving switching to shore power (using electricity instead of a truck's engine power) in bringing the temperature to desired levels in the refrigerated containers in their trucking fleet. The switch would have a positive effect on the environment in terms of lower carbon emissions in addition to cost savings. Tom Harden, KeHE's Senior Manager of Fleet Assets along with Laura McCord, the organization's Executive Director of Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility, had to decide on whether to seek approval for the project using both financial and sustainability metrics or to conduct an additional pilot study to better understand the controllable and uncontrollable factors that led to cost savings. The company had done poorly on the environmental dimension in the 2020 certification. Two factors made the decision both urgent and important. One was the necessity of applying early to receive rebates from state agencies that would help lower the capital cost of the project. The second was the fact that the company was facing a B Corp certification process in two years' time that involved more stringent criteria on the environmental front.
On December 29, 2021, the independent shareholder advisory firm InGovern Research Services (InGovern) published a report accusing Asian Paints Limited (APL) of corporate governance lapses. Nearly 53 per cent of the shares of APL, which was based in Mumbai, India, were owned by its promoters and their families. InGovern had followed up on a whistle-blower’s report claiming that APL had engaged in several related-party transactions but had failed to adequately disclose them in its annual report. InGovern demanded large-scale changes in APL’s board of directors, and APL’s share price fell by approximately fourteen per cent after the charges were made public. The seven independent members on the company’s board had to respond to the accusations.
Vimeo, Inc. (Vimeo), led by Anjali Sud, was a New York City-based listed company that operated across the entirety of the video creation and distribution value chain. When the company was spun off from its corporate parent in a May 2021 initial public offering, Vimeo was growing but not yet profitable. As the country and the world was recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic, Vimeo and a fast-growing set of competitors were facing the end of a nearly two-year tailwind that had helped them grow very quickly. Sud and her team had to respond to growth and profitability challenges to help Vimeo maintain its industry leadership position.
On December 29, 2021, the independent shareholder advisory firm InGovern Research Services (InGovern) published a report accusing Asian Paints Limited (APL) of corporate governance lapses. Nearly 53 per cent of the shares of APL, which was based in Mumbai, India, were owned by its promoters and their families. InGovern had followed up on a whistle-blower's report claiming that APL had engaged in several related-party transactions but had failed to adequately disclose them in its annual report. InGovern demanded large-scale changes in APL's board of directors, and APL's share price fell by approximately fourteen per cent after the charges were made public. The seven independent members on the company's board had to respond to the accusations.
Vimeo, Inc. (Vimeo), led by Anjali Sud, was a New York City-based listed company that operated across the entirety of the video creation and distribution value chain. When the company was spun off from its corporate parent in a May 2021 initial public offering, Vimeo was growing but not yet profitable. As the country and the world was recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic, Vimeo and a fast-growing set of competitors were facing the end of a nearly two-year tailwind that had helped them grow very quickly. Sud and her team had to respond to growth and profitability challenges to help Vimeo maintain its industry leadership position.
On February 16, 2021, Slave Free Chocolate removed Tony’s Chocolonely (Tony’s), a chocolate company based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, from its “Ethical Chocolate Companies” list due to Tony’s association with Barry Callebaut, a cocoa processor associated with child slavery in West Africa. Tony’s, a B Corp-certified company whose founding mission was to eradicate child slavery from the cocoa supply chain, had to address its public removal from the list immediately to maintain the company's credibility. How should the chief executive officer of Tony’s respond to the removal?
In April 2019, Robyn Denholm, the chairperson of Tesla, Inc.'s board was asked by a judge to work with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to settle the contempt of court charges brought by the agency regarding Elon Musk's, the CEO, use of Twitter to make factually incorrect market-moving tweets about the company's prospects. The contempt charge was about a violation of protocol that was set up following an adverse 2018 verdict against the company on a similar charge. Denholm and Tesla's board had to act against the backdrop of several factors, including Musk's tremendous popularity among his 24 million Twitter followers, a soaring Tesla stock price, and an ongoing defamation lawsuit that stemmed from a Musk tweet after a daring rescue of a stranded Thailand soccer team by a British diver in 2018. In settling with the SEC, the board had to consider a variety of options, including the nuclear option of firing Musk that was suggested by a Tesla investor.